Halin ƙin jini yafi kowa a cikin tsofaffi idan aka kwatanta da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, amma ba kamata a bi da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsufa ba. Arteries ya zama mai ƙarfi da ƙasa da yarda kamar yadda muka tsufa. Wannan yana haifar da matsalolin jini na jini, ko da yake hawan jini na diastolic yana ƙarfafawa a cikin mutane tsakanin shekarun 50 zuwa 60. "Matsayin kutsawa" shine bambanci tsakanin tsarin jini da kuma diastolic.
Hasarin cututtukan zuciya na zuciya yana ƙaruwa yayin ƙarfin bugun jini ya ƙaruwa.
An yi amfani da hawan jini mai tsabta a cikin tsofaffi wanda ake kira "hauhawar jini mai rikitarwa", wanda ke dauke da jini na jini fiye da 160 mm Hg tare da hawan jini na jini fiye da 90 mm Hg. Rawan jini na jiki shine mafi yawan cututtukan jini. a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 50, wanda ya zama mahimmanci saboda yana da matsala mafi girma ga cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini idan aka kwatanta da wasu nau'i na hauhawar jini na farko. Har ila yau an haɗu da haɗarin mace mai mutuwa daga cututtukan zuciya. suna da ƙananan jigilar kalmomi, masana sun yarda cewa yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da nufin don maganin jini a cikin tsofaffi.
Muhimmancin Yin Jiya Harkokin Ciki a cikin Tsofaffi
Akwai dalilai masu yawa na musamman ga tsofaffi ko tsofaffi yawan mutanen da ke haifar da karfin jini yana da mahimmanci:
- Rashin haɗarin hadarin cututtukan zuciya da aka kwatanta da ƙananan marasa lafiya wadanda ke da irin abubuwan haɗari.
- Hanyoyin jini na iya zama mafi girma, tare da hauhawar jini na yau da kullum a cikin wannan yawan.
- Maganin tsofaffi suna da mummunan tasiri na wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya wanda ya kamata a la'akari da lokacin zabar maganin maganin jini.
- Tsawan hawan jini na rinjayar mummunar ƙin zuciya ko ma a cikin tsofaffi. Har ila yau akwai alamar dangantaka tsakanin hauhawar jini da lalata. Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya waɗanda ke bi da maganin da ba su da magunguna ba su da haɗari na ci gaba da rashin kwakwalwa, lalata, da kuma atrophy na kwakwalwa. Kulawa na tsawon lokaci na cutar hawan jini yana rage hadarin ƙwayar cutar Alzheimer da nakasar jini.
Hanyoyin cutar hawan jini shine mafi girman haɗari ga cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini na kowane nau'i da mutuwa. Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya da cutar hawan jini sun karu da ƙananan cututtuka, mutuwar daga bugun jini, ciwon zuciya, sauran abubuwan da ke cikin zuciya, da mutuwa daga cututtuka na zuciya, da kuma duk wani mummunan mutuwa. Binciken "lambobi da ake buƙatar magance," wanda ya nuna yawancin mutane dole a bi da su domin mutum ya amfana daga magani, ya nuna cewa dole ne a kula da kasa da ƙananan yara ɗari don maganin jini don hana mutum ɗaya daga fuskanci mummunan sakamako kamar fashewa ko ciwon zuciya. NNT shine ma'auni na darajar farashin / amfani da magani. NNT wanda ke hade da cutar karfin jini a cikin tsofaffin manya sun nuna cewa maganin jini yana da tasiri mai yawa a tsawon lokaci, tun da magani zai iya hana yawancin abubuwan da suka faru da suke da wuyan gaske don bi da su kuma zai iya haifar da asarar rashin 'yancin kai.
Menene Yaya Tsofaffi da Girkan Tattalin Arziki Ya Yi Don Amincewa da Lissafi?
Ayyukan gyare-gyare na gyare-gyaren jini, amma ba a bayyana ba idan sun rage wadannan abubuwan. DASH (Dietary Draw to Stop Hytensiontension) cin abinci yana da tasiri wajen rage yawan jini a cikin tsofaffi, tun da yake ya nuna cewa zasu iya karuwa da sakamakon sodium (gishiri) a cikin abincin su. Masu tsofaffi masu tsufa suna amfani da motsa jiki na zuciya da kuma sauran shawarwari na salon rayuwa, ciki har da katsewar taba da kuma yin amfani da shan barasa, suna amfani da dukkanin kungiyoyi.
Yin maganin saukar karfin jini a cikin tsofaffi ya kamata ya dauki wasu yanayi a cikin la'akari:
- Rage karfin jini yana nuna ya fi muhimmanci fiye da yin amfani da wani magani na musamman.
- Jiyya tare da maganin rigakafi yana rage haɗarin cutar hawan jini ta kashi 94 cikin dari.
- Zuciyar zuciya, wanda shine sau da yawa sakamakon cutar hawan jini, an nuna cewa an rage kashi 42 cikin marasa lafiya da suka kamu da cutar hawan jini tare da shan magani idan aka kwatanta da wadanda ke da cutar hawan jini kamar yadda ba a bi da su ba.
- Halin ƙin jini zai iya haifar da cutar koda, amma bincike mai yawa ya nuna cewa rage yawan karfin jini ya fi tasiri fiye da gyare-gyare na rage yawan haɗari.
Tsarin Rashin Jina na Tashin Dankali na Makiyaya
Kodayake jagorancin yau da kullum ga yawan jama'a suna bada shawara game da burin jini na kasa da 140 mm Hg systolic da jini na jini fiye da 90 mm Hg, da manufa ga tsofaffi marasa lafiya ya kamata a rage jini na systolic kasa da 150 mm Hg da diastolic saukar karfin jini žasa da 90 mm Hg. A cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari ko ciwon cututtukan koda, makasudin rage karfin jini ya kamata a rage jini na systolic kasa da 140 mm Hg. Mazan tsofaffi waɗanda ke da kyau da kuma lafiya sunyi la'akari da manufa don saukar karfin jini a kasa 140 mm Hg.
Manufar maganin jini ya kai kimanin kashi 70 na tsofaffi waɗanda ke shan magunguna don hauhawar jini, amma nazarin ya nuna alamun amfani da magani, koda lokacin da ba a cimma manufa ta jini ba. Wadannan amfani sun hada da rage yawan haɗarin halayen biyu da kuma bugun ƙaddarar ischemic da aka ragu da kashi 4.4 cikin dari na rashin lafiya na zuciya.
Ya kamata dukkan yara masu fama da matsanancin jini suyi amfani dasu tare da shan magani?
Kodayake canza canjin rayuwa, kamar lalacewar nauyi, rage gishiri, da motsa jiki, suna da amfani, a rayuwa ta ainihi yana nuna cewa gyare-gyaren salon salon ba a koyaushe ana gudanar da su ba don ba da damar ƙwararrun marasa lafiya don ganin amfanin. Sauran gyaran gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare ba a sauƙaƙe ba ne a cikin tsofaffi kuma yana iya zama tsada, lokacin da masu bada shawara mai gina jiki, masu aikin kwantar da hankali, da matsalolin sufuri, tare da wasu dalilai, ana daukar su cikin la'akari.
Yana da muhimmanci ga dukan marasa lafiya da cutar hawan jini don rayuwa mai kyau, amma babu wata hujja ta gaskiya cewa wadannan matakan suna da tasiri sosai kan rage yawan hadarin mai tsanani na maganin cutar hawan jini a cikin tsofaffi. Bincike ya nuna cewa yin amfani da maganin cutar hawan jini yana da tasiri sosai ga rage yawan abubuwan da ke ciki na zuciya.
Gaba ɗaya, mutanen da ke da mawuyacin haɗari ga cututtuka na zuciya, duk tsawon shekarunsu, ya kamata a bi da su tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi don saduwa da hawan jini. A wani lokaci, akwai yarda da ra'ayin da za a dakatar da magani ga marasa lafiya wanda shekarunsu suka kai shekaru 79, amma shaidar ta nuna cewa sakamakon, ciki har da ciwo, cututtuka na zuciya, da kuma rashin zuciya, sun kasance mafi muni a marasa lafiya waɗanda ba a bi da su ba. , har ma a cikin shekaru tara na rayuwa.
Mafi Magungunan Kwayoyin Halitta na Duka don Wani Balagagge tare da Ruwan jini mai tsanani
Gaba ɗaya, magungunan magungunan da aka ba da shawarar ga yawancin jama'a yawancin sun dace da tsofaffi. Gwajin ALLHAT (Tsarin kwayoyin cuta da kuma maganin Lipid don hana hawan Zuciya) ya nuna cewa haɗin haruffa sun haɗu da mafi haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya kamar na zuciya rashin ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da sauran magunguna. Duk da haka, ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya marasa lafiya da wani likita, likitoci suna ganin sun yarda cewa an yi wa kowa magani bisa ga bukatun mai haƙuri.
Matsalar kiwon lafiya kamar cututtukan koda, gout, ciwon sukari, osteoporosis, da rashin tausayi na zuciya zai rinjayi tasiri na amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da ake amfani dasu don maganin jini, musamman lokacin da za'a iya magance wani yanayin tare da wannan magani da ake amfani dashi don hauhawar jini. Magance yanayin likita a cikin marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya sun buƙaci shawara mai kwarewa daga likitanci don sanin abin da maganin jini zai fi dacewa da bukatun mutum.
Halin ƙin jini zai iya zama da wuya a sarrafa shi a cikin wani tsofaffi kuma an fi yawan waƙa fiye da ɗaya. Wannan zai iya haifar da "hypotension kothostatic," ko raguwar saukar karfin jini lokacin da ke motsawa daga wurin zama ko matsayi a matsayi na tsaye. Yana da mahimmanci a auna matakan jinin dan tsofaffi yayin da suke tsaye don tabbatar da cewa bazai zama mai rauni ba kuma yana haifar da raguwa ko rashin hankali. Tashin hankali na asibiti yana da haɗari ga tsofaffi kuma saboda magunguna marasa lafiya suna shan magunguna daban-daban, kuma suna iya hulɗa da kuma kara irin wannan tasiri.
Ƙungiyar Geriatrics na Amirka ya bada shawarar yin nazari ga rashin ƙarfi a cikin mutanen da suka tsufa su gano duk wani hadarin da ke tattare da hawan jini, tare da haɗari da lalacewa da gajiya. Yawancin masana sun yarda da cewa rage yawan karfin jini da magani a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya ya kamata su tashi a hankali, tare da ƙara yawan sashi. Kodayake matsalolin jini suna bayar da shawarar fara amfani da kwayoyi guda biyu a yayin da jini na farko ya fi Hg 20 mm a kan manufa, dole ne a fara sita guda ɗaya kafin a kara magunguna daban daban.
Sauran Bayanai
Yayin da muka tsufa, mun rasa wani dandano don dandana, don haka tsofaffi na iya cike da abinci ba tare da sanin cewa suna kara haɗarin su ba. Haɗarin barci yana haɗuwa da ci gaban hauhawar jini, saboda haka yana da kyau a yi magana game da damuwa marar kyau a rana ko jin kunyar gajiya lokacin tadawa lokacin da kake ganin likitan ku.
Kamar yadda yawancin shekarun mu, za mu ci gaba da ganin yawan mutanen da suka rayu cikin shekaru 9 ko 10 na rayuwa. A cikin mutane fiye da shekaru 60, har zuwa kashi 80 cikin dari zasu kamu da hawan jini. Tsofaffi na iya karawa da inganta rayuwar su ta hanyar rage haɗarin bugun jini, ciwon zuciya, rashin zuciya, da kuma mutuwa ta hanyar kula da karfin jini. Shawarar Jakadancin Jakadancin (JNC8) sun gabatar da mafi kyawun shaida da ke cikin shawarwari don kula da hauhawar jini.
Kalma Daga
Jiyya na cutar hawan jini na iya kara yawan karfinka kuma rage halayen babban hatsari irin su bugun jini ko ciwon zuciya. Maganin tsofaffi suna amfana fiye da ƙananan marasa lafiya ta hanyar maganin hauhawar jini. Kuma suna iya samun wasu sha'anin kiwon lafiya kuma suna iya samun haɗarin ƙwayar magunguna. Idan kai mai tsufa ne tare da hauhawar jini, ya kamata ka tuntubi likitoci na kiwon lafiya wadanda ke da masaniya game da magani. Kwararren likitoci na ƙwarewa za su iya fahimtar matsalolin matsalolin da suka shafi tsofaffi da kuma matsalolin rashin lafiyar marasa lafiya a cikin tsofaffi.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Amirka ta Kwararrun Iyaye. (2014). JNC 8 Sharuɗɗa don Gudanar da hawan jini a cikin Adult. Kwararrun Am Am , 90 (7), 503-504.
> Franklin SS, Gustin W 4th, Wong ND, et al. Hanyoyin hemodynamic na canje-canje da suka shafi shekarun jini. Binciken Zuciya Framingham. Yanayi 1997; 96: 308.
> James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, Cushman WC, Dennison-Himmelfarb C, Handler J, Lackland DT, LeFevre ML, MacKenzie TD, Ogedegbe O, Smith SC, Svetkey LP, Taler SJ, Townsend RR, Wright JT, Narva AS , Ortiz E. 2014 Jagoran Sharuɗɗa na Shaida don Gudanar da Ƙungiyar Harkokin Cikakken Ƙungiyar Jama'a Daga Mataimakin Memba da aka zaba a kwamitin Jakadancin Huɗu na takwas (JNC 8). JAMA. 2014; 311 (5): 507-520. Doi: 10.1001 / jama.2013.284427
> Mahajan R. Jagoran Jakadancin Amirka 8 rahoton: Yaya ya bambanta da JNC 7. Labarin Ƙungiyar Labarai ta Duniya da kuma Mahimman Kimiyya . 2014; 4 (2): 61-62. Doi: 10.4103 / 2229-516X.136773.
> Patel MD, A. (2015, Fabrairu 20). A kan Rawanin Hawan jini a cikin tsofaffi: An Shige Shirin Cutar Ebola - Kwalejin Amirka na Kwayoyin Halitta. An dawo daga http://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/02/19/14/55/on-hypertension-in-the-elderly