Hormones na Kidney da ke Kula da Harkokin Cutar
Tsarin tsarin renin-angiotensin wani rukuni ne na halayen halayen da suka shafi aiki tare don daidaita jini. An kira shi tsarin saboda kowanne bangare yana tasiri wasu sassan kuma duk wajibi ne don dukan suyi aiki daidai. Tsarin tsarin renin-angiotensin, aiki tare da kodan, shi ne mafi muhimmanci na tsarin tsawan jini na tsawon lokaci.
Yayinda matsaloli na jini na gajeren lokaci ya haifar da wasu dalilai masu yawa, kusan dukkanin gyaran jini na tsawon lokaci shine nauyin kodan da tsarin renin-angiotensin.
Ta Yaya Ayyukan Ayyukan Ruwa na Renin-Angiotensin yake?
Mahimman membobin tsarin renin-angiotensin sune:
- Renin
- Angiotensin I
- Angiotensin II
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)
Lokacin da karfin jini ya sauko saboda kowane dalili, ƙwayoyin musamman a cikin koda ya gano canjin kuma sake saki cikin jini. Renin da kanta ba yana da tasiri sosai game da karfin jini . Maimakon haka, yana tafiya a kusa da sabobin tuba na angiotensin zuwa cikin angiotensin I. Wadannan nau'o'in angiotensin, wadanda aka samar da hanta, ba su iya canza yanayin jini har sai da sake sake canza su a cikin angiotensin I.
Angiotensin Na iya canza yanayin jini zuwa wasu digiri, amma ba ƙarfin isa ya haifar da manyan canje-canje.
Maimakon haka, mafi yawan angiotensin na na tuba zuwa angiotensin II, wani lamari mai karfi wanda ya haifar da manyan canje-canje a cikin karfin jini. Wannan karo na biyu ya faru ne a cikin kwayar huhu ta hanyar aikin wani kwayoyin da ake kira angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). (Wannan ƙwayar za a iya rufe ta da kwayoyi da ake kira ACE Inhibitors, wani muhimmin nau'in maganin cutar hawan jini .)
Angiotensin II yana da karfi mai tsanani kuma zai iya aiki a kan jini don kara yawan karfin jini. Yana da wani muhimmin aiki mai mahimmanci-maida hankali ga sakin aldosterone. Aldosterone yana da karfi sosai wanda zai haifar da karuwa a karfin jini amma yana da mahimmanci saboda zai iya canza canjin ƙaddamarwa na kodan. Aldosterone yana haifar da kodan don riƙe da gishiri da ruwa, wanda a tsawon lokaci yana ƙara yawan ruwa cikin jiki. Wannan karuwa, ta bi da bi, ya kawo karfin jini.
Bayan lokaci, angiotensin I, angiotensin II, da kuma aldosterone sun rushe cikin wasu kwayoyin. Hanyoyin renin-angiotensin, a matsayinsa duka, suna amsa ga gajeren lokaci da kuma bambancin lokaci a cikin karfin jini. An kunna shi ta hanyar kwatsam a cikin karfin jini, irin su wadanda ke faruwa bayan hadarin jini, amma kuma karamin karamin, ƙananan canjin karfin jini ya rage.
A matsayin mai kula da jini na tsawon lokaci, tsarin tsarin renin-angiotensin yana da matakan aiki na yau da kullum, kuma a hakika yana aiki kamar ƙafaccen motar mota. Dogaro matsa lamba akan gas ɗin iskar gas yana buƙatar kiyaye motar motar gaba, koda lokacin da kake son tafiya daidai wannan gudu.
Idan kana buƙatar, ko da yake, za ka iya latsa kafar ta kwatsam don ya gaggauta sauri. Hakazalika, aiki mai yawa a cikin tsarin renin-angiotensin yana rike da karfin jini a cikin dogon lokaci, amma kwatsam na aiki zai yiwu idan an buƙaci mai sauri.
Me yasa Renin-Angiotensin System yana da mahimmanci ga matsa lamba na jini?
Takardun kimiyya, gabatarwar taron, har ma da dukan litattafai masu rubutu an rubuta game da muhimmancin tsarin renin-angiotensin a tsarin karfin jini. Wannan wani bangare ne na binciken da wasu masana kimiyya masu basira suke bi a duniya.
Tsarin tsarin renin-angiotensin yana da hankali sosai saboda an san shi yana zama muhimmiyar factor wanda zai taimaka mana mu fahimci:
- Dalilin da yasa mutane sukan cigaba da karfin jini
- Dalilin da yasa wasu mutane ba su amsa maganin cutar hawan jini sosai
- Dalilin da yasa wasu mutane da cutar hawan jini suka kara matsaloli fiye da wasu
Alal misali, marasa lafiya na Afirka da ke fama da cutar hawan jini ba sau da yawa ga masu maganin ACE kamar sauran magunguna. Wannan shi ne wataƙila saboda 'yan Amurkan na da nauyin aiki daban-daban a cikin tsarin renin-angiotensin, wanda hakan ya sa basu da hankali ga magungunan da suke aiki ta hanyar hana tsarin.
Yawancin maganin cututtuka na hawan jini sun samo asali ne sakamakon fahimtar mu game da tsarin renin-angiotensin. Tare da masu hana maganin ACE, wanda ya dakatar da fassarar angiotensin na zuwa angiotensin II, wasu magunguna sunyi aiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban na tsarin. Angiotensin masu sakon masu karɓa (ARBs) , alal misali, hana angiotensin I da angiotensin II daga daura ga tasoshin jini da haddasa vasoconstriction.
Duk da yake an gano cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin renin-angiotensin, fahimtar wannan tsari na mahimmanci ya riga ya haifar da ci gaba da maganin cutar hawan jini da kuma fahimtar yadda za'a gudanar da cutar hawan jini a kan dogon lokaci.