Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Sakamako na tsakiya shine tsohuwar wuyan tsohuwar jiki wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen karkatar da kai da juya wuyansa, da sauran abubuwa. Wannan tsoka yana yawan sauƙin ganin. A hankali, yana bayyana kamar siffar cylindrical, mai kama da sutura wadda ta fizge a iyakar kuma tana gudana daga tsakiya na kunne zuwa duka ƙwanƙara da ƙurji.
A takaice dai, tsohuwar tsofaffin tsofaffin tsofaffin ƙwayoyin tsohuwar jiki ne ake kira su muscle SCM, ko kawai SCM.
Cibiyar ta SCM ta zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar tsokoki da aka sani da wuya wuyan ƙirar ƙwararru. (Wadannan tsokoki a cikin wuyan ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren sune sikelin, wanda aka samo su a cikin wuyansa fiye da SCM.) A matsayin ƙwayar sulhu ga SCM, ƙananan ƙarfin suna taimakawa a juya kuma kunna kai da wuyansa.
Asalin da kuma sanyawa
Abubuwan da aka makala don muscle SCM, (wanda aka sani da asali da shigarwa) sun kasance mai sauqi ne don biyo baya, misali, wadanda ke cikin tsoffin tsohuwar latissimus. (The latissimus dorsi , wanda aka fi sani da lats na takaice, babban tsohuwar tsoka ce wadda ta haɗa zuwa ɗakunan da yawa a cikin akwati da kuma hannu.) Ya bambanta, zuwa latsoshin, SCM kawai ya haɗa kai zuwa kasusuwa, kuma zuwa duka kawai kashi hudu, a wancan.
Ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan bambancewa ga sauƙaƙan abin da aka haɗu da SCM shine cewa yayin da ƙwayar tsoka ta fara kusa da ƙwanƙara da ƙurƙashin ƙwayar ƙirji, sai rassan ya kai 2 "shugabannin," kuma haka yana da asali 2 maimakon tsohuwar 1 da yawa tsokoki ke yi .
To, daga ina, daidai, muscle SCM ya fara? Ɗaya "shugaban" na SCM ya haɗa a gaba (watau surface surface) na manubrium. (Manubrium shine babban ɓangare daga cikin ƙirjin ƙirjin.) Harshen ya sa a kan saman sashi (wanda ake kira babban abu) na collarbone , kusa da tsakiyar tsakiyar jiki.
Fiye da haka, ƙaddamarwar SCM a kan tsari na mastoid, wanda shine ƙananan samfurin kashi wanda ke fitowa daga kasusuwa. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ƙashin kashin shine ɓangare na kwanyar (daya a kowane gefe) wanda ya gina temples. Tsarin mastoid yana samuwa a ƙasa na kasusuwa na kasa, a bayan kunnenka. Zaka iya gane ainihin tsarin mastoid ta taɓa wannan yankin a kunnen kunnenka. Sa'an nan kuma, idan kuna tafiya yatsunku kadan kadan za ku iya ji nauyin nama wanda shine muscle SCM. Wasu ƙwayoyin na SCM kuma suna saka a kasan kashi kashi, wadda ke kusa da tsarin mastoid, daga kunnuwa.
Abin da Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Shin a gare ku
A wani ɓangare, ƙwayar wuyan da aka samar da sterocleiomastoid ya bambanta dangane da ko ɗaya ko duka biyu na SCM muscles suna aiki.
Lokacin da kawai takardun ƙwayar tsohuwar SCM, sai ya karkatar da kai zuwa gefe ɗaya (wanda ake kira gefen tsattsauran ra'ayi) wanda aka samo tsoka. Alal misali, SCM a gefen dama na wuyanka ya kunna kanka zuwa dama.
Cibiyar ta SCM tana juya (juyawa) kai zuwa gefe guda (wanda ake kira gefen ƙetare). Alal misali, lokacin da kake juyawa ko juya kanka zuwa hannun dama, SCM na hagu shine kwangila.
A wannan yanayin, SCM yana juya fuskar sama sama kadan (wanda ake kira tsawo wuyansa).
Lokacin da duka kungiyoyi na SCM (da ake kira haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa, na biyu yana nufin bangarori biyu) sakamakon shi ne yunkuri na wucin gadi wanda ke faruwa a farkon haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ku. Hanya ta farko ta tsakiya shine haɗin gwiwa na tsakiya; shi ne wurin da kanka ke zaune a wuyanka. Wannan motsi na tsawon lokaci yana dawo da kai.
Amma rikitarwa na ƙwayar duka SCM suna ƙwanƙwasa wuyanka, abin da ya kawo kwatsarka cikin jagorancin ƙirjinka. Kuma ƙananan musayar SCM na musayar ƙanƙancewa yana sa ido gaba-gaba-muddin kun ci gaba da matakin kai, wato.
Lokacin da duka kungiyoyi na SCM a lokaci ɗaya, yana taimakawa wajen yin numfashi, kuma. Tare da ƙwanƙolin wuyanka yana da tsayayye, haɗin ƙetare na muscle SCM yana haifar da ɗaga sama da manubrium da kuma ƙarshen collarbones da ke kusa da tsakiyar cikin jiki.
Cibiyar ta SCM tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin torticollis, yanayin da yake kaiwa zuwa gaba daya. Tare da torticollis, da kuma ci gaba da kai tsaye, SCM na iya kasancewa a cikin ƙasa ta ƙarshe.
Cibiyar ta SCM ta zama alamar Alamatical
Cikin muscle SCM yana da sha'awa ga anatomists saboda matsayi na musamman wanda yake cikin wuyansa yana sanya mahimmanci ga fahimtar layin jigun hanji. Cikakken SCM tana rarraba wuyan wuya a cikin ƙananan (gaban) da kuma bayanan (baya) triangles a gefe ɗaya, yana yin saurin kwakwalwa mai sauƙin karatu.
Na farko, akwai alamar hagu. Wurin gaba, ko gaban gaban wani sashi na SCM an dauke shi a gefen gefen gefen gefen da ke cikin wuyansa. Tangan hagu na baya yana gefe a saman da kasusuwa, a kasa daga sternum kashi (ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya) kuma a cikin layi ta hanyar tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki, ko layi na nauyi, wanda ya raba jikin zuwa hagu da dama. Gangan na baya ya ƙunshe da wasu magunguna masu yawa, kazalika.
Kashi na gaba na baya (mai baya) triangle yana gefe daga baya ko baya da ke fuskantar sashi na SCM. A saman, adadi na gaba yana da misali ko aya inda SCM da ƙwayar trapezius sun hadu akan kasa na occipital (kullin baya) kashi. Ƙananan kwakwalwan baya shi ne tsakiyar na uku na kasusuwa.
Sources:
Kapandji, IA, "Harkokin Jiki na Ma'aikata". Fifth Edition. Churchill Livingstone. Turanci na Turanci 1987. New York.
Kendall, Florence Peterson, McCreary, Elizabeth Kendall, da Provance, Patricia Geise. Jigun gwaje-gwaje da kuma Ayyuka tare da Ciwo da Raɗa. 3rd. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams & Wilkins, 1983
Moore, Keith, L., Dalley, Arthur, F. Cigaba da Gabatarwa. 5th Edition. 2006 Lippincott, Williams da Wilkins.