Cutar Degenerative Brain
Maganar Canavan yana daya daga cikin rukuni na cututtukan kwayoyin da ake kira leukodystrophies wanda zai haifar da lahani a cikin ƙwaryar suturar da ke dauke da kwayoyin halitta a kwakwalwa. A cikin hanyar Canavan, maye gurbin kwayar halitta a kan chromosome 17 yana haifar da ragowar wani enzyme da ake kira aspartoacylase. Ba tare da wannan enzyme ba, rashin daidaituwa na sinadaran yana haifar da lalata myelin a kwakwalwa.
Wannan yana haifar da kwakwalwar kwakwalwar jiki don ragewa cikin nama mai laushi wanda yake cike da sararin samaniya.
Maganar Canavan an gaji ne a cikin wani tsari wanda ba shi da tushe , ma'ana cewa yaron dole ne ya sami kofin mahaifa daga kowane iyaye don ya haifar da cutar. Kodayake cutar Canavan zai iya faruwa a kowace kabila, yana faruwa sau da yawa tsakanin Yahudawa Ashkenazi daga Poland, Lithuania, da yammacin Rasha, da kuma tsakanin Saudi Arabia.
Cutar cututtuka
Alamar bayyanar cutar Canavan ta bayyana a farkon ƙuruciya kuma ta zama mummunan lokaci. Suna iya hada da:
- rage ƙwayar tsoka (hypotonia)
- rauni wuyan wuyansa tsokoki dalilin rashin kulawar shugabanci mara kyau
- babban abu mai mahimmanci (macrocephaly)
- an sa kafafu a madaidaiciya madaidaiciya (hawan jini)
- Ƙafafun ƙarfin jikinka yana da sauƙi
- asarar basirar motoci
- ragawar tunani
- kama
- makanta
- ciyar da matsaloli
Sanin asali
Idan ƙwayar cututtuka na jaririn ya nuna lafiyar Canavan, za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje da yawa don tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Abinda aka lissafta (CT) yayi nazari ko hotunan fuska mai kwakwalwa (MRI) na kwakwalwa zai nema maye gurbin nauyin kwakwalwa. Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje na jini don allon allowar rashin inganci ko kuma don neman maye gurbin kwayoyin da ke haifar da cutar.
Jiyya
Babu maganin warkar da cutar Canavan, saboda haka magani yana mayar da hankali ga gudanar da alamun bayyanar.
Harkokin jiki, sana'a, da kuma maganganu na iya taimakawa yaron ya kai ga iyalanta. Saboda cutar Canavan yana ci gaba da tsanantawa, yara da dama sun mutu a matashi (kafin shekaru 4), kodayake wasu zasu tsira a cikin shekarunsu.
Nazarin Halitta
A shekara ta 1998, Cibiyar Kwalejin Kwararrun Masana'antu ta Amurka da Gynecologists sun amince da cewa likitoci suna ba da gwagwarmaya masu dauke da kwayar cutar ta Canavan ga dukan mutanen Ashkenazi Yahudawa. Mai ɗaukar hoto yana da nau'i daya na maye gurbi, don haka shi ko ita ba ta ci gaba da cutar ba amma zai iya rarraba mutuncin mutun ga yara. An kiyasta cewa 1 a cikin mutane 40 a cikin al'ummar Yahudawan Ashkenazi suna haifar da maye gurbi ga hanyar Canavan.
Ana bada shawara cewa ma'aurata masu hadari don ɗaukar jigilar kwayar halitta za a jarraba su kafin su haifi jariri. Idan sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa iyayensu masu sufuri ne, mai ba da shawara mai ba da shawara na halitta zai iya ba da ƙarin bayani game da hadarin samun jariri tare da cutar Canavan. Yawancin kungiyoyin Yahudawa suna ba da gwajin kwayoyin cutar ta Canavan da sauran cututtuka da dama a Amurka, Kanada, da Isra'ila.
Sources:
> "Ciwon Canavan." Disorders A - Z. 2 Yuli 2008. Kungiyar kasa da kasa da kewayar cutar da bala'i.
> "Ciwon Canavan." Nau'in Leukodystrophy. 2 Aug 2007. Ƙasar Leukodystrophy Foundation.
> "Mene ne Cutar Kanavan?" Cututtuka. National-Tay Sachs & Allied Diseases Association.