Duk lokacin da kuka fuskanci babban shawarar kiwon lafiya , yana taimakawa wajen samun cikakkun bayanai game da zaɓuɓɓukanku, amfaninku, da hadarin hanyoyin. Amma bincike ya nuna cewa mutane da yawa marasa lafiya basu karɓar shawarar da suke bukata. A hakikanin gaskiya, bisa ga binciken da aka yi a kan fiye da rabin marasa lafiya masu ciwon ƙirji da ke samun mastectomy ba su da bayanin da suke buƙatar yin shawara game da sake gina tiyata .
Risks Associated Tare da Ba Samun Takaddun Neman Ma'anar Kyau
Binciken da Clara Lee, MD, ke gudanarwa, wani ƙwararren ƙwararrun ƙwararrun nono a Jami'ar Jihar Ohio na Cibiyar Cutar Cancer - Arthur G. James Ciwon Cutar Cancer da kuma Richard J. Solove Research Cibiyar, ya auna fahimtar mahalarta game da mastectomy da mastectomy tare da sake ginawa. Har ila yau, ya sake nazarin duk abin da ya kamata mutum ya yi da haƙiƙa, ciki har da ƙwayar jikinsa bayan magani, lokacin dawowa, da hadarin rikitarwa.
Abin da Dokta Lee da abokansa suka gano cewa kasa da rabi na mata suna da cikakken bayani game da abin da gyaran ƙirjinta ya ƙunshi kuma ya yi wani zaɓi wanda ya dace da abubuwan da suke so. A sakamakon haka, wasu mata basu sami magani ba kuma suna kula da sun fi so.
Bugu da ƙari, matan da ke cikin binciken ba su fahimta sosai game da hadarin da ke tattare da gyaran ƙirjin ba, kuma ba su fahimci irin wannan hadarin ba.
A hakikanin gaskiya, kashi 14 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya sun kasance da cikakken tabbaci game da hadari na babban matsalolin. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda yiwuwar babban matsaloli a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata bayan aikin tiyata tsakanin 16 zuwa 40 bisa dari. A ƙarshe, wannan yana nufin cewa mata da yawa sun dauki hadari wadanda - idan aka ba su cikakken shawara - bazai karɓa ba.
Bugu da ƙari, binciken da aka samu daga wannan binciken ba na musamman ba ne ga sake ginawa. A gaskiya, akwai wurare da yawa a kiwon lafiya inda akwai raguwa a fahimtar wani mai hankali game da bayanin kulawa na mahimmanci. A sakamakon haka, yanke shawara marasa lafiya sun ƙare yin sau da yawa ba tare da dacewa da abubuwan da suka fi kulawa ba, masu marubuta na binciken sun kammala.
Me ya sa ke samar da goyon baya na yanke shawara yana da mahimmanci
Lokacin da ya shafi kiwon lafiya, bincike ya nuna cewa marasa lafiya suna so su shiga cikin tsarin yanke shawara. A gaskiya ma, idan aka bai wa marasa lafiya shawara, irin su littattafai na ilimi, DVD ko wasu kayan aiki masu ma'ana don taimakawa su yin zaɓuɓɓuka, sun ƙare jin daɗi da jin dadin su tare da kulawarsu. Har ila yau, suna fama da damuwa da damuwa idan sun san ainihin abin da za su sa ran.
Alal misali, a cikin nazarin ƙasa na manya da ke kallon yanke shawara na likita kamar shan sabon magani , da yin aikin tiyata, ko kuma jurewa ta hanyar maganin cutar kanjamau, marasa lafiya sun nuna cewa suna so su kara koyo game da hadarin da ke tattare da sabon magani. Sun kuma so su ji kamar likitocinsu suna sauraron su. Amma kasa da rabin marasa lafiya sun ce likitan sun tambaye su game da manufofin su, abubuwan da suke so, da damuwa.
Wannan rashin sadarwa da yanke shawara ya taimakawa haɗin hulɗar likita-haƙuri .
A halin yanzu, wani binciken da yayi nazarin ƙarfafawa na haƙuri , amfani da yanke shawara, taimakawa game da matsalolin kiwon lafiyar da kuma bayani game da maganin magani sun gano cewa aiwatar da waɗannan nau'o'in kula da lafiyar lafiyar likita da mai haƙuri. Ba wai kawai marasa lafiya ba ne da jin dadin su tare da kulawa, amma suna gina mutunci da girmamawa ga likitan su, abubuwa biyu masu muhimmanci na dangantakar likita-haƙuri. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da shawarar yankewa baya nufin maye gurbin likita. Maimakon haka, ana nufin ya dace da tattaunawa da ya riga ya kasance tare da marasa lafiya.
Ma'anar ita ce cewa yanke shawara ta ba da damar likita ya dauki rawar da ya taka a cikin lafiyarta.
Don ƙayyade amfanin amfani da shawara, Cibiyar Mayo ta cigaba da gwadawa ta yanke shawara ta taimaka kuma ta rarraba su kyauta ga sauran masu samar da lafiya. Alal misali, taimakon su na Magunguna na Choice Decision, taimaka wa marasa lafiya da masu samar da su zaɓi daga cikin magunguna daban-daban guda shida da ake amfani da su don bi da ciwon sukari-type-2 . Tare da yin amfani da wannan shawara, marasa lafiya za su zaɓi abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci a gare su. Wadannan zasu haɗa da haɓaka jini, tsarin amfani, gwajin sukari kullum, hadarin jini mai yalwa, canjin nauyi, illa mai laushi, da kimar. Sai suka yi aiki tare da likita don yin kwatanta tsakanin kwayoyi da abubuwan da suke so.
Ya kamata a nuna cewa wasu marasa lafiya ba sa so su shiga cikin yanke shawara kuma sau da yawa sun fi son likita su yanke hukunci a cikin mafi kyawun sha'awa. Amma yawan marasa lafiya da suke son wannan tsarin shi ne mafi ƙanƙanci fiye da waɗanda suke son shiga.
Lokacin da ake buƙatar goyon bayan yanke shawara
Takaddama na yanke shawara, ko yanke shawarar yanke shawara kamar yadda aka kira shi a wasu lokutan, yana karfafawa yayin da marasa lafiya ke da matsala, kamar mastectomy da gyaran ƙirjin. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, akwai nau'i nau'i na nau'i mai kyau. Ba kamar labarun kiwon lafiya ba inda zaɓin zaɓin yake bayyane, kamar jiyya na appendicitis , akwai wasu yanayi inda babu wani zabi mafi kyau. Sakamakon haka, yin la'akari da irin aikin da za a dauka zai iya dogara ne akan abubuwan da mutum ya so ya yi daidai da kuma haƙurinta na hadarin.
A sakamakon haka, mutane da yawa masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya sun ji cewa waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen sun fi dacewa da taimakon taimakon shawara. Alal misali, a cikin binciken da Cochrane Collaboration ya gudanar, masu bincike sun gano cewa amfani da yanke shawara yana inganta ingantaccen ilmi da haƙuri. Bugu da ƙari kuma, sun gano cewa marasa lafiya da suka yi nazari akan binciken kafin su yanke shawarar sun zabi mafi yawancin zazzabi da zazzabi da yawa. Wannan bincike yana da mahimmanci saboda yana iya rage rikice-rikice da yin amfani da wasu hanyoyi, musamman lokacin da kashi 25 cikin dari na aikin tiyata zai iya zama ba dole ba ko bai dace ba.
Ƙarshen rayuwa shine wani yanki inda ake buƙatar goyon bayan yanke shawara. Alal misali, marasa lafiya da 'yan uwansu suna bukatar gano yadda suke so su magance matsaloli daban-daban da zasu iya tashi a ƙarshen rayuwa kuma su tabbatar da cewa suna son girmamawa. Ɗaya daga cikin misalai na iya tattauna zancen magunguna daban-daban, abubuwan da suka shafi halayen su, da kuma yadda yawancin masu haƙuri ke so a tsara su a ƙarshen rayuwa. Wasu batutuwa da ake buƙatar magance su sun hada da rayarwa , ciyar da tubes, da kuma numfashi. Mutane suna buƙatar san abin da yanayi zai iya tashi da kuma abin da za su kasance. Wannan hanya, za su iya yin yanke shawara a gaba.
Mutane da yawa suna jin tsoron kasancewar wadannan tattaunawa. Alal misali, mai haƙuri yana da tambayoyi game da ƙarshen rayuwa, amma yana jin tsoro ya damu da 'yan uwa. Don haka suna cikin shiru. A halin yanzu, iyalan iyali na iya samun tambayoyi amma ba su san yadda za'a kawo su ba tare da zaluntar ƙaunar wanda ake ƙauna ba. A wadannan lokuta, taimakon da likita zai bayar ba kawai zai sauke nauyin yin tambaya ba, amma zai taimaka ma marasa lafiya da iyalansu su magance matsalolin da suke da muhimmanci. Yana zama hanya don mai haƙuri ya sadar da bukatunta kafin yanayin da ta sa ta yi haka. Duk da yake babu wata cikakkiyar bayani game da kawo ƙarshen rayuwa, damun yanke shawara na iya taimakawa wajen tattaunawar maras kyau.
Kalma Daga
Idan kun fuskanci sabon ƙwarewar, nemi likita ko tsarin kiwon lafiyar wanda ba wai kawai kulawa da haƙuri ba amma har yana bayar da goyon bayan yanke shawara mai kyau. Wannan ya haɗa da neman wani gwani wanda yake ba ku bayani game da zafin kuɗin ku da kuma hadarin haɗari. Yawancin likitoci sun bada wannan bayani ta hanyar kayan aiki masu yawa ciki har da tattaunawar mutum, DVD, da kayan da aka buga. Idan ka sami dama ga kayan aikin yanke shawara, kuma za ka iya aiki tare da likitanka, zaka iya yin hukunci mai kyau a gare ka. Kuma kyakkyawan kulawa da magani da ka samu yana cikin layin tare da lura da kula da kake so.
> Sources:
> "Rabin Ma'aikata na Ciwon Daji na samun 'Low-Quality' Takaddama na Gwargwadon Turawa Lokacin Da Suka Yi Tunanin Harkokin Harkokin Kasuwanci," UT News , Jami'ar Texas a Austin, Mayu 3, 2017. https://news.utexas.edu/2017/05/03 / masu bincike-talakawa-yanke shawara-domin-nono-ciwon daji-marasa lafiya
> Hosteler, Martha da Klein, Sarah. "Taimaka wa marasa lafiya yin Zaɓin Kifi mafi kyau tare da Yankewar shawara," Maganganu , Commonwealth Fund, Oktoba 2012. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/quality-matters/2012/october-november/in-focus
> "Shin ƙwararriya ta dama ne a gare ku?" DairyCancer.org. http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/surgery/reconstruction/is-reconstruction-for-you