Likitan cutar sankarar jini lymphocytic na zamani (CLL) shine mafi yawan kwayar cutar sankarar bargo a cikin tsofaffi a ƙasashen Yamma. Yana faruwa a lokacin da lalata kwayoyin halitta (maye gurbin) zuwa kwayar halitta wadda za ta ci gaba da zama a cikin wani nau'in jini wanda ake kira lymphocyte.
CLL ya bambanta da sauran nau'in cutar sankarar bargo saboda maye gurbin kwayoyin ba kawai yana haifar da ci gaban kwayoyin lymphocytes ba a cikin marrow, amma kuma yana haifar da kwayoyin da basu bi ka'idar al'ada ba.
Wannan yana haifar da yawan ƙwayar CLL lymphocytes cikin jini.
A cikin kimanin kashi 95% na lokuta na CLL a yammacin, irin lymphocyte da aka shafi shi ne B-lymphocyte (B-cell CLL). T-cell CLL yafi kowa a yankuna na Japan kuma kawai asusun kusan 5% na lokuta a Amurka
Magungunan lymphocytes masu ciwo a cikin cutar cutar sankarar bargo ne mafi girma fiye da wadanda aka gani a cikin cutar sankarar bargo. Saboda sun kasance mafi girma, sun sami damar yin ayyuka da dama na lymphocytes na al'ada. A sakamakon haka, cutar cutar sankarar bargo na iya tafiya ba tare da jinkirta ba tsawon lokaci kafin mai haƙuri zai lura da wani bayyanar cututtuka.
Akwai lokuta idan mai lafiya yana iya samun ƙimar lymphocyte, kuma hakan baya nufin suna da cutar sankarar bargo. Wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta na kamuwa da cuta suna iya shiga cikin yawan samarwa a lokutan rashin lafiya. A halin da ake ciki na CLL, yawancin lymphocyte ne yake faruwa (dangane da inda aka canza maye gurbi) da kuma kwayoyin, yayin da suke girma, suna nuna halaye mara kyau.
Wani muhimmin aiki na lymphocytes B cikin jiki shine samar da immunoglobulins, waxanda sunadaran sun taimaka wajen yaki da cutar. A cikin CLL, ƙwayoyin lymphocytes magungunan ba su iya samar da immunoglobulins (ko "kwayar cutar") da ke aiki yadda ya dace da kuma hana magungunan lymphocytes marasa cizon sauro daga samar da magunguna masu tasiri.
Saboda wannan, mutanen da ke tare da CLL sukan shawo kan ciwo.
Alamai da cututtuka
Ga wasu marasa lafiya, CLL yana jinkirin girma kuma alamun suna iya kusan ba a gane ba. Ko da lokacin da lambobi na lymphocytes sun kai matsayi mai girma a cikin jini, basu da tasiri akan samar da wasu nau'in jini kamar su kwayoyin jan jini da platelets.
Maganin da ke da ƙwayar CLL ko wadanda ke da ƙwayar cuta na ci gaba suna nuna alamun nauyin nauyin ƙwayar kashi na wasu nau'in tantanin halitta da kuma alamar cututtuka da aka haɗu da ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph.
Likitoci CLL zasu iya fuskanta:
- Asarar nauyi
- A kullum "rashin lafiya" ji
- Sumi dare
- Wata gajiya mai jin daɗin da ba a sauke shi da barci mai kyau
- Jirgin ƙwayar ɗaɗɗaura masu ɗaci
- Kwayoyin cuta masu yawa
- Pain daga matsa lamba na manyan ƙwayoyin lymph a kan gabobin da ke kewaye
- Matsalar ƙura
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama alamar wasu, ƙananan yanayi. Idan kun damu game da kowane canje-canje ga lafiyar ku, ya kamata ku nemi shiriya daga likitanku.
Shin CLL cutar cutar sankarar jini ko Lymphoma?
Lychocytic cutar sankarar bargo da lymphoma duka suna faruwa a lokacin da lymphocytes ninka a cikin wata hanya mara kyau. Dukkanin yanayi na iya haifar da kumburi da ƙwayoyin lymph kuma duka biyu na iya nuna yawan kwayar lymphocytes cikin jini.
A gaskiya ma, bambanci tsakanin wadannan cututtuka biyu shine farko a cikin suna kawai.
An ce mai haƙuri yana da CLL lokacin da suna da ƙananan lymphocytes a cikin wurare dabam dabam da kuma ƙananan kumburi. Hakanan, marasa lafiya da suka yi girma sosai, amma a kusa da kwayar fata mai tsabta a cikin jini an kwatanta su da ciwon lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), irin wannan lymphoma ba Hodgkin.
A lokuta da dama, ana amfani da kalmar CLL da SLL ta hanyar sadarwa kamar yadda suke da irin wannan cutar da aka gabatar a wata hanya dabam.
Dalili na Hadarin
CLL tana kula da cutar cutar sankarar mutane da yawa, tare da matsakaicin shekarun shekaru 65.
Rabin kashi cikin dari na mutanen da aka gano tare da CLL sun wuce shekaru 40.
Kamar sauran cututtukan sankarar bargo, masana kimiyya basu san ainihin abin da ke haifar da CLL ba, amma akwai wasu ƙananan dalilai waɗanda suka bayyana sun sa wasu mutane su fi girma haɗarin bunkasa shi:
- Bayyanawa ga wasu sunadarai masu guba, irin su pesticides da herbicides
- Rashin kamuwa da wasu kwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cututtuka irin su T-lymphocytotropic virus (HTLV-1)
- Samun dangi na farko, kamar ɗan'uwa, tare da CLL na iya ƙara haɗari ta sau uku zuwa hudu
Ba kamar sauran cututtukan cutar sankarar bargo ba, kamuwa da radiation ba ze zama wani abu mai hadari ba.
Duk da yake waɗannan dalilai na iya kara yawan mutumin da zai iya samun CLL, mutane da yawa waɗanda ke da wadannan matsaloli ba zasu taba samun cutar sankarar bargo ba, kuma mutane da yawa da cutar sankarar bargo ba su da wani hadari.
Girma shi Up
CLL yana faruwa ne lokacin da lalacewa ga DNA na kwayar halitta ta haifar da ƙaddamarwa da ba tare da rikitawa ba kuma yawancin lymphocytes. Wannan zai haifar da yawan lambobi na lymphocytes a cikin wurare dabam-dabam, wanda kuma zai iya tattarawa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph. A mafi yawan lokuta, mutanen da ke da CLL za su nuna 'yan tsirarun bayyanar cututtuka kamar yadda cutar ta kasance mai jinkirin ci gaba.
Sources:
Chirorazzi, N., Rai, K., Ferrarini, M. "Hanyar cututtukan cututtuka: Likitan cutar sankarar jini na zamani." New England Journal of Medicine 2005; 352: 804-15.
Lin, T., Byrd, J. "Aikin Likimurar Lymphocytic na Likita da Labarin Lafiya na Leukemias" a Chang, A., Hayes, D. Pass, H. et al. eds. (2006) Ilimin ilimin ilimin halitta: Shaidar Tabbatacciyar Shaidar Tabbatacce: New York. shafi na 1210- 1228.
Hillman, R., Ault, K. (2002) Hematology a Clinical Practice 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill: New York.
Zent, C., Kay, N. "Likimar sankarar Lymphocytic na yau da kullum: Biology da Na yau da kullum magani" Rahoton Oncology na yau da kullum 2007; 9: 345-352.