Dalili na Risk, Gene Abormalities, Sanya Tsarin Cell da JMML
Mene ne cutar cutar sankarar ƙanƙara da yara (JMML) da kuma yadda ake bi da su?
Kwayar cutar sankarar ƙananan yara (JMML) - Definition
Kwayar cutar sankarar ƙanƙarar yara ƙanƙara (JMML) wani nau'i ne mai tsananin jini wanda ke shafar yara da yara; asusun na kasa da 1% na leukemias yara. Yawan shekarun yara a ganewar asali shine shekaru 2, kuma ba abu ba ne sababbin ganin lokuta a cikin yara da suka wuce shekaru shida.
Yana da sau 2 ½ sau ɗaya a cikin yara maimakon 'yan mata.
Har ila yau an kira JMML a matsayin cutar cutar sankarar rigakafi na yara (JCML), ƙananan cutar cutar sankarar bargo, yawancin cutar da cutar sankarar bargo, da ƙananan jinin jiki 7.
Yadda yake faruwa
JMML na faruwa ne lokacin da canje-canje (alal misali, maye gurbin) tara a cikin DNA na irin kwayar suturwa a cikin kututtukan kashi wanda yawanci yakan haifar da wani nau'i na cell da aka sani da monocyte . Canje-canje sa sautin kwayar halitta ta karu daga iko.
Yayin da lambobi na waɗannan kwayoyin halitta suka karu, sai suka fara ɗaukar kasusuwan kasusuwa. Bayan lokaci, zasu yi tsangwama tare da ƙwayar kututtukan kasusuwa, wanda shine don samar da kwayoyin jinin jini, kwayoyin jinin lafiya da kuma platelets.
Dalili na Hadarin
Masu bincike basu san abin da ke haifar da DNA wanda ya haifar da JMML ba, amma sabon binciken yana nuna cewa za'a iya gadon shi daga iyaye.
Yara da cutar neurofibromatosis I da Noonan ciwo sun kara haɗari na bunkasa JMML, har zuwa 14% na yara da aka gano tare da JMML da ciwon ciwo na Noonan.
Alamomi da cututtukan JMML
Alamun da alamun bayyanar JMML suna da alaka da tarawar kwayoyin mahaukaci a cikin kasusuwa da gabobin jiki. Suna iya hada da:
- Pale fata
- Kwayoyin cuta ko rashin lafiya
- Cutar jini mara kyau
- Abun ciki mai lakabi ya danganta da kara girma ( splenomegaly ) da kuma girman hanta
- Fevers
- Rash
- Rage ci
- Ƙara
- Ƙaddamarwar jinkiri
Wadannan kuma zasu iya zama alamu da bayyanar cututtuka na wasu yanayi marar rikici. Idan kun damu da lafiyar yaronku, abin da ya fi kyau ya yi shi ne ziyarci mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya.
Binciken JMML
Don bincika JMML, likitoci zasu bincika sakamakon gwajin jini da kuma fataccen kasusuwan kasusuwan ciki da kuma biopsy . Wasu bincike zasu nuna JMML:
- Wani lamarin jini mai daraja mai girma, musamman maɗauran monocytes
- Ƙananan jinin jini (anemia)
- Low countlet count (thrombocytopenia)
- Abubuwa masu yawa a chromosome 7
Rashin rashin lafiya daga Philadelphia chromosome zai taimaka wajen gane cewa cutar bata cutar cutar sankarar rigakafi ba (CML) .
Hanyar cututtuka
Akwai 3 wasu hanyoyi daban-daban da irin wannan cutar sankarar bargo ke aiki. A irin farko shine cutar ta ci gaba da sauri. A cikin nau'i na biyu, akwai lokacin wucewa yayin da yaron ya kasance ƙira, sannan ya bi hanya mai sauri. A cikin nau'i na uku, yara zasu iya inganta kuma suna kasancewa kawai mai nuna kyamawa har zuwa shekaru 9, lokacin da cutar ta ci gaba da sauri ba tare da magani ba.
Jiyya na JMML
Jigilar farko ga JMML shine ƙwayar tantanin halitta, amma a wani lokaci akan jiyya ana amfani dashi.
Tiyata
Rashin aikin tiyata a lura da JMML yana da rikici.
Ɗaya daga cikin takardun bincike na musamman (The Children's Oncology Group- COG) ya ba da shawarar cewa an cire shi a kan dukkan yara da ke fama da cutar da suka kara girma. Wani muhimmin yarjejeniyar kula da JMML (Ƙungiyar Rukuni na Turai akan Myelodysplastic Syndrome in Childhood- EWOG-MDS) ya bar shi ga likitan mai magani don yanke shawara. Ba'a sani ba idan amfanin wannan hanya na tsawon lokaci ya wuce hadarin.
Chemotherapy
Gaba ɗaya, JMML tana tsammanin yana da mummunar amsa ga chemotherapy. Purinethol (6- Mercaptopurine) da Sotret (isotretinoin) sune kwayoyi da aka yi amfani da su tare da ƙananan ƙananan nasara.
Saboda rashin amfani da shi wajen kula da JMML, chemotherapy ba daidaituwa ba ne.
Sanya Cell Transplant
Maganin Allogeneic ne kawai magani wanda zai iya ba da magani mai tsawo don JMML. Bincike ya samo irin nasarorin da aka samu tare da wasu masu bayar da gudunmawar iyali ko kuma masu ba da taimako ba tare da alaƙa ba.
Rawan sake dawowa bayan da aka cire dashi na JMML na iya zama tsakanin 30% da 50%, wanda yake da yawa. Rushewar yana faruwa kusan 3 ½ watanni bayan dashi, kuma kusan kullum a cikin shekara. Duk da haka, duk da waɗannan lambobin da suke damunsu, marasa lafiya sukan samu magani tare da sabbin kwayoyin halitta.
Duk da bukatar yin maganin mummunan magani, yara da JMML suna da kyau sosai tare da ci gaba kamar su sabbin sassan cell. An samo a cikin binciken daya cewa tsawon rayuwar shekaru 5 na yara da suka karbi kwayoyin jikinsu na iyali 55% ne, tare da tsawon rayuwan shekaru biyar na 49% a cikin wadanda basu da taimako, kuma wannan magani yana cigaba a duk lokacin .
Layin Ƙasa
A matsayinka na iyaye, daya daga cikin abubuwan da ya fi wuya a ɗauka shine jaririnka ko yaron yana rashin lafiya. Irin wannan rashin lafiya zai iya haifar da mummunan rauni a kan yaro, iyaye da 'yan uwan. Kuna iya gwagwarmaya don bayyana yanayin da zai faru ga 'ya'yanku, ba tare da iya kunka kanka a kansa ba.
Yi amfani da kowane ƙungiya na goyan baya ko albarkatun da cibiyar ciwon kuji ke ba ku, da kuma ƙaunatattunku, abokai, iyali da maƙwabta. Duk da yake ku da iyalinku suna iya fuskantar nau'o'in motsin zuciyarmu da kuma jin daɗi, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa akwai begen samun magani kuma wasu yara da ke tare da JMML suna ci gaba da haifar da rayuwa mai kyau.
Sources
Chan, R., Cooper, T., Kratz, C., Weiss, B., da Loh, M. "Yarar cutar sankarar ƙanƙarar yara: Rahoton da aka yi a cikin Taron JMML na kasa da kasa na shekara ta 2007" Ciwon cutar sankarar bargo a shekara ta 2009. 355-362.
Emanuel, P. "Yarami myelomonocytic cutar sankarar bargo da na kullum myelomonocytic cutar sankarar bargo" cutar sankarar bargo 12 Yuni 2008 1335-1342.
Locatelli, F., Nollke, P., Zecca, M. et al. Hanyoyin Hamtopoiet na shinge kwayoyin (HSCT) a cikin yara tare da cutar cutar sankarar mahaifa (JMML): sakamakon sakamako na EWOG-MDS / EBMT. Jinin jini . 2005. 105 (1): 410-9
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. Siffofin kiwon lafiya. Karamin cutar ƙanƙarar rigakafi mai ƙwayar cuta na yara ƙanƙara / Sauran Myeloid Malignancies (PDQ®). An buga shi a ranar 09/29/15. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK66019/#CDR00000628968078
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