Kalmar myelopathy yana nufin matsala tare da lakabi, wanda zai iya haifar da rashin ƙarfi, rauni, dysautonomia , da sauransu. Akwai dalilai daban-daban daban-daban na myelopathy. Kamuwa da cuta ba shine mafi mawuyacin hali ba, amma likitoci sun bukaci gane shi saboda cututtuka na buƙatar daban-daban magani. Kwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin cutar, fungi, ko kwayoyin cuta zasu iya haifar da lalacewar kashin baya.
Dubi nau'in nau'i 10 na cututtuka na kashin baya.
Kwayoyin cuta
Kwayar cutar dan Adam (HIV): Rashin ƙwayar cutar ta HIV ba shi da yawa a lokacin illar cutar. Wasu daga cikin wadannan matsalolin sune saboda cututtuka masu dacewa da suke amfani da tsarin jiki na jiki. Kwayar cutar kanta ta HIV tana iya kai hari ga tsarin mai juyayi, ciki har da launi. Bincike da ke bincikar ƙwayar mahaifa na mutanen da suka mutu tare da kwayar cutar ta HIV sun gano rashin bambancin juna tsakanin kashi 11 cikin 100 zuwa kashi 22 cikin ƙwayoyin mahaifa. Lokacin da marasa lafiya suke da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, za su yi kuka da rashin jin daɗi a kafafunsu, sannan su sami rauni da rashin daidaituwa. Sau da yawa, asarar ciwo ko ciwon magunguna na iya biyo baya. Yawancin lokaci, ma'anar faɗakarwa da kuma matsayi na matsayi (tsinkayye) sun rage fiye da sauran hanyoyi kamar zafin jiki ko zafi. Bugu da ƙari ga magance cutar ta HIV, an buƙatar aiki sosai don cire wasu cututtuka ko cututtuka irin su lymphoma .
T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1): Wannan cutar yafi kowa a yankuna na wurare masu zafi, saboda haka cutar da aka haifar da wannan kwayar cutar an san shi azaman parasaresis na spastic tropical (TSP), ko kuma H1D ). Rashin hankali sannu a hankali yana tasowa a tsawon shekaru. Canje-canje mai mahimmanci da dysautonomias ma na kowa.
Kwayoyin cututtukan herpes : Harshen herpes na ƙwayoyin cuta sun hada da varicella zoster (VZV, hanyar chickenpox), cutar ta Herpes simplex (HSV), cutar Epstein-Barr (EBV, hanyar mononucleosis ), da kuma cytomegalovirus (CMV) . Duk iya haifar da cutar a cikin kashin baya.
VZV yana haifar da shingles bayan da aka sake sakewa a cikin ganglion mai tushe kusa da kashin baya, wanda zai haifar da raguwa mai raɗaɗi. Yayinda cutar za ta iya fitowa a lokaci guda kamar raguwa, wanda zai haifar da rauni, amma kuma yana iya zowa a hankali kuma ba tare da gaggawa ba a cikin mutanen da ba su da kariya.
Rashin ƙwayar cutar da wasu cututtukan herpes, irin su HSV, ke da wuya a cikin mutanen da ke da tsarin rigakafi. A wa] anda aka cutar da su, irin su wa] anda ke fama da cutar ta HIV mai tsanani, kamuwa da cutar kamar CMV na iya haifar da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa tare da numfness, rauni, da kuma ɗaukar urinary. Jiyya tare da magungunan antiviral shine hanya mafi kyau a cikin wannan yanayin, da kuma gyaran maganin immunosuppression, idan ya yiwu.
- Enteroviruses: Mafi sanannun enterovirus don kamuwa da lakabi ne cutar shan inna, wadda ta zama mai ban sha'awa a kasashe masu tasowa. Kamar amyotrophic latéral sclerosis (ALS), cutar shan inna yana rinjayar kamannin ƙahonin da ke cikin baya, wanda zai haifar da rashin lafiya ba tare da canza canji ba. Kodayake cututtuka da cututtukan cututtuka da kwayar cutar ta haifar da ita ba su da wata mahimmanci (kashi 1 zuwa kashi 2 cikin dari), sakamakonsa mai tsanani ne kuma sun kasance mawuyacin rauni da kuma asibiti har sai zuwan rigakafi ya taimaka wajen kawar da rashin lafiya.
Kwayar Yammacin Nilu : Ciwon daji na yammacin Nilu yana ɗauke da sauro. Rashin lafiyar cutar ta faru a kimanin kashi 5 cikin dari na marasa lafiya marasa lafiya, ciki har da ciwon mutum ko ciwo. Kamar kamuwa da cutar shan inna, wannan zalunci yana tsammanin shi ne sakamakon hasara na kodin baya. Gudanar da iska na iya zama dole idan bayyanar cututtukan ya zama cikakke mai tsanani.
Syphilis
An kira Syphilis "mai girma" a cikin ilimin lissafi saboda cutar na iya yin kusan wani abu a cikin tsarin jin tsoro. Kwayar cuta yakan mamaye tsarin da ke cikin shekara guda na kamuwa da cuta, amma kimanin kashi 5 cikin dari na mutanen da suke tare da syphilis suna bunkasa matsalolin ƙwayar cuta.
Tun da yake ana amfani da syphilis kafin damar samun matsalolin da ba a iya kawowa ba, waɗannan matsaloli sun zama da yawa. Daga cikin cututtuka masu yawa na kamuwa da cuta na syphilitic, cututtuka na kashin baya sau goma ne fiye da sauran. Bayan haka ya kasance wani mutum da kuma cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini. Dukkanin, sa'annan, cututtuka na syphilis na iya tasiri ƙananan ƙwayoyi a hanyoyi da dama.
Kalmar "tabes dorsalis" tana nufin labarun ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta wadda ta fi dacewa da syphilis, kuma yakan bunkasa shekaru 10 zuwa 15 bayan kamuwa ta farko. A cikin kashi 70 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya, wani lokaci mai tsanani shine zafi na farko. Wannan yana biye da rashin ƙarfi da matsaloli tare da mafitsara da kuma kula da jinji. Lamba, tingling, da sauran matsalolin da sakamakon sakamako. Mataki na gaba ya haɗa da babban hoto na ƙafafu, wanda ya sa ya yi wuya a tafiya. Daga qarshe, mataki na karshe shine cikar suturar kafafu.
Meningomyelitis yana cike da ƙwayar nama wanda yake kewaye da kashin baya da kuma kashin baya. Na farko alama alama ce ta kafa nauyi. Rashin hasara mai zurfi ne, amma kafafu sunyi rauni sosai.
Syphilis kuma zai iya haifar da wani ƙananan ƙwayar cuta wadda ke haifar da lalacewar ƙwayar cutar ta hanyar ƙin jini, ko kuma zai iya haifar da ciwo mai mahimmanci da ake kira gumakoki wanda yake ɗaukar nauyin ƙwayoyin halitta na jiki a cikin igiya. Abin farin ciki, cutar tana yawan amsawa da kyau ga penicillin .
Tarin fuka
Kamar syphilis, tarin fuka zai iya haifar da nau'i daban-daban na matsalolin neuro, amma sa'a, yana da wuya a kasashe masu tasowa. Matsalolin layi na yau da kullum wanda ya fi dacewa daga lahani a cikin kashin da ke yadawa zuwa kashin baya. Bada ciwon baya shine alamar farko ta farko, kamar yadda igiya ke rufe ta hanyar turawa daga maganin cutar.
Kwayoyin cuta ba
Rashin ƙwayar shi ne kamuwa da cuta wadda aka rufe daga jikin ta jiki ta hanyar rigakafi ta jiki. Sakamakon shi ne tarin kayan turawa. Wannan ci gaban zai iya saukowa wani lokacin, wanda zai haifar da matsalolin al'ada a cikin jiki, ciki har da launi. Mafi yawan magungunan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyi ne Staphylococcus aureus. Sashin kamuwa da shi yana rabu da sauran jiki, saboda haka bada maganin rigakafi ba shine mafi kyau mafi kyau ba, tun da babu wata hanyar da magungunan zasu iya wucewa. Za'a iya buƙatar wani neurosurgeon don cire yarinya ba tare da rupturing shi ba kuma yad da kamuwa da cuta cikin jiki.
Fungal cututtuka
Kwayar cuta wadda ke cutar da kashin baya kawai yana da wuya, kuma yawanci yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin wadanda ke da tsarin rigakafi. Wasu fungi, irin su Aspergillus, zasu iya kaiwa gadon sararin samaniya, wasu kuma zasu iya haifar da ci gaba da ake kira granulomas wanda zai iya tayar da kashin baya.
Parasitic cututtuka
Yayinda cututtuka na cututtuka na da ƙananan a cikin ƙasashe masu masana'antu, a duk duniya kamuwa da cututtuka na Schistosoma sune daya daga cikin sanadin sanadin cututtuka. Wadannan ana samun su ne a kudancin Amirka, Afrika, da gabashin Asiya. Kwayoyin suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai tsabta, kuma mutane suna iya cutar yayin yin iyo a cikin wannan ruwa. Kwangwani mai launi na Echinococcus granulosus zai iya haifar da cysts wanda ke matsawa kashin baya. Cysticercosis zai iya haɗawa da kashin baya cikin kimanin kashi 5 cikin dari. Paragonimiasis shine tsuntsu ne wanda aka samo asali a cikin Asiya kuma za'a iya samuwa ta cin abinci maras kyau. Dukkanin zai iya haifar da lalata, tingling, rauni, da sauran matsalolin da cutar ta haifar.
Duk da yake waɗannan cututtuka na iya zama masu ban mamaki, tsoratarwa, kuma mai tsanani, gaskiyar ita ce mafi yawansu suna da kyau idan an gano su da kyau, musamman idan an samo su da wuri-wuri.
> Sources:
> Goodman, BP. Harkokin Dama don Myeloneuropathy; Ci gaba: Cordinal Cord, Root, and Plexus Disorders Volume 17, Number 4, Agusta 2011.
> AH Ropper, MA Samuels. Ka'idodin Adams da Victor na ilimin lissafi, 9th ed: Kamfanonin McGraw-Hill, 2009.