Ischemia yana da yanayin da akwai jini marar kyau zuwa daya daga cikin jikin jikin, wanda yawanci ya haifar da wani nau'i wanda ke dauke da kwayar halitta wanda ke ba da wannan kwayar. An kira wani sashin da aka zubar da shi a matsayin ischemic .
Saboda tsarin kwayoyin halitta ba shi da karbar duk oxygen da kayan abinci da ake buƙata, ischemia yakan haifar da kwayar cutar ta rashin aiki, kuma sau da yawa, don samar da alamun bayyanar.
Idan ischemia ya zama mai tsanani sosai ko kuma ya cigaba da isa sosai, kwayoyin jikin kwayar cutar za su fara mutuwa. Mutuwa da duk ko sashi na wani sashin jikin mutum yana kiransa infarction .
Misalai na misali na ischemia sun haɗa da wadannan:
Cardiac Ischemia
Kwayar cutar ta Cardiac mafi yawancin lalacewa ne ta hanyar maganin inherosclerotic a cikin suturar jini , arteries wanda ke ba da tsoka da zuciya. Duk da haka, ciwon ƙwayar cuta na zuciya yana iya haifar da wasu yanayi irin su cututtuka na jijiyoyin zuciya , ciwon zuciya na zuciya X , ko ƙwayoyin cuta na cututtuka na jini .
"Harshen" angina shine alamar kirji (ko jiki ta jiki) rashin jin daɗi da cutar ta hanyar ciwon zuciya ta hanyar motsa jiki ko danniya. Kwayoyin cututtuka suna cike da hutawa ko hutu.
"Angina", ko angina marar ƙarfi , yakan kasance ba tare da wani dangantaka da motsa jiki ko danniya ba kuma yana da alaƙa da ciwon ciwo na jijiyoyin zuciya - gaggawa gaggawa.
Brain Ischemia
Nauyin ƙwayar cuta yana aiki sosai, kuma don yin aiki yadda ya kamata, kwakwalwa yana karbar kashi 20 cikin dari na jini da zuciya ta motsa shi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ba kamar sauran ƙwayoyin ba kwakwalwa ba shi da kantin sayar da wutar lantarki da kansa, kuma yana dogara ne da ci gaba da jini don yin aikinsa. Sakamakon haka, kwakwalwar kwakwalwa ta zama mai saukin ganewa idan an dakatar da jini, kuma sai dai idan jini yana gudana sau da yawa kwakwalwa kwakwalwar mutuwa ta yi sauri.
Rashin mutuwar kwakwalwar jiki shine ake kira bugun jini .
Wani lokaci jinin yana gudana zuwa wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa yana katse tsawon lokaci don samar da alamar bayyanar cututtuka na kwakwalwa, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba don samar da bugun jini na ainihi. Wannan yanayin ana kiranta "kai hare-hare mai saurin kai" (TIA) . A TIA iya kwafi kowane nau'i na alamun bayyanar cututtuka - sai dai bayyanar cututtuka a cikin 'yan sa'o'i. TIA ba mahimmanci bane ba kawai saboda suna jin tsoro a kansu, amma kuma saboda kullun suna bin su. Saboda haka, TIA kullum suna buƙatar gaggawa a hankali.
Ischemia na Intestinal
Inchemia na intestinal (wanda ake kira aschemia) yana faruwa ne tare da cutar a cikin jini wanda yake bada sassan jikin jini.
Ischemia na asibiti na zamani, wadda yawancin cututtukan da ke ciki na yawanci ne suke samar da su, lokacin da ciwon daji ke ƙoƙarin yin aikin narkewa a fuskar rashin jinin jini. Cizon sauro na intestinal mafi sau da yawa yakan sa ciwo na ciki (wanda ake kira angina na tsakiya) bayan cin abinci, musamman ma abinci mara kyau. Angina na intestinal yana da mummunan zafi a kusa da rami na ciki, ko da yake zai iya haskaka baya.
Angina na intestinal yakan ci gaba da kimanin sa'o'i biyu, amma sai ya dawo bayan wani abinci.
Magungunan ciwon hanji mai zurfi na iya faruwa a yayin da ake yin jigilar jini (jini) a cikin suturar hanji. Wadannan jini sun fi yawa daga cikin zuciya, sakamakon sakamakon fibrillation. Idan embolism yana da tsananin isasshen ƙwayar cuta (mutuwar wani ɓangare na hanji) zai iya haifar. Cigaban intestinal wani gaggawa ne na likita.
Limb Ischemia
Ischemia daga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya faruwa tare da cututtukan maganin jinin jiki (PAD), nau'in atherosclerosis wanda ke shafar arteries wanda yake samar da makamai ko kafafu (mafi yawanci, kafafu).
Mafi ciwo na ciwo da aka gani tare da ischemia na limbuwa shine claudication a tsakani , irin ciwo mai zafi, yawanci yakan shafi kafa ɗaya, wanda ya faru a sakewa bayan an kammala tafiya. Ana kula da PAD tare da angioplasty da stenting , kodayake ana tilastawa aikin tiyata.
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