Halitta da tafiya na sauti shine farkon ma'anar aikin ji. Sauti yana tafiya zuwa kunne kuma zuwa kwakwalwar kwakwalwa da ƙwayar cizon nama (a cikin kwakwalwa) don fassara sauti.
Kafin mu ji wani abu, dole ne a yi sauti. Ko sautin sautin murya ne, wani siren, ko thunderclap, an halicci vibrations. Wadannan zazzabi zasu iya tafiya ta hanyar iska, da karfe, da ruwa, da itace, da dai sauransu.
Wannan ra'ayi yana aiki kamar yadda mutane ke yi waƙa don ƙirƙirar sautunan da muke amfani da su don samar da magana. Tsayayyar vibrations sun kasance a cikin nau'i mai nauyin tsuntsaye wanda zai kawo shi a kunnuwan mu. Halin da aka halitta yana da mahimmanci ga yadda za mu gane sauti.
Maɓallin Kunnawa na waje da MIddle
Muryar waje tana aiki ne kamar sauti don sauti. Sauti yana tafiya cikin kunne zuwa membrane tympanic (eardrum). Rigon sauti wanda ke cikin hulɗa da membrane tympanic ana canzawa zuwa tsinkar da ake ganewa ta hanyar rukuni na ƙananan kasusuwa, wanda aka sani da lakaran tsakiya na tsakiya . Wadannan sun hada da malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), da kuma tsalle (tsalle). Malleus shine na farko da za a gudanar da labaran, wanda ya ci gaba ta hanyar ƙusa da ƙare a ɗakunan, wanda ke cikin hulɗa da taga mai ɗorewa, wanda ke raba kunne na tsakiyar daga kunnen ciki.
Maɓallin Kunnin Inji
Ayyukan kunnuwa na ciki yana farawa lokacin da motsawar murfin motsawa ta kai ga taga mai haske.
Ƙungiyar motsawa ta motsa ta hanyar motsa jiki, wanda yake kama da harsashi na katantanwa. An raba raguwa zuwa sassa uku masu cika jiki. Ƙungiyoyi daban-daban suna karɓar nau'ukan da ke cikin daban-daban. Sai sigina ya shiga cikin tasirin cochlear da ke haifar da vibration na endolymph (wani ruwa mai mahimmanci) inda aka juya siginar zuwa motsi na lantarki da aka sauya zuwa kwakwalwa da kuma jijiyoyin inji.
Cikakken ya ƙare a zagaye na zagaye, inda aka yi watsi da motsin motsi a matsayin motsi na hydraulic.
Brain
Gidan sauraro ya ƙunshi raka'a guda biyu: kunnen kunnen dama da kunnen kunnen hagu. Ra'ayoyin suna kama; duk da haka, kowannensu yana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da sauti. Adlongata (ƙananan ƙananan kwakwalwa) yana karbar sakonni daga jijiyar vestibulocochlear a lokaci daban-daban da kuma ƙarfin haɓaka dangane da inda sauti ke fitowa, hanyar da aka juya, da kuma nisa daga sauti. Bambanci a lokaci da tsanani yana da mahimmanci wajen samar da wani nau'i na uku zuwa sauti.
Kwajin kwakwalwa yana aika siginar zuwa tsakiyar tsakiya kuma daga bisani zuwa ladabi na audito na lobes na kwakwalwa inda aka fassara tasirin lantarki kamar sauti da muke fuskanta.
Sources:
Jarvis, C. (2004). Ƙarshe. A Neman Nazarin Jiki da Lafiya (341-370). St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders.
Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasar. Bayani game da sauraro, sadarwa, da fahimta.