Ƙasashen Gabas ta Tsakiya Wannan Canja wurin sauti zuwa Brain
Gwargwadon rahoto ossicles ne sarkar ƙananan kasusuwa a cikin tsakiyar kunnen da ke watsa sauti daga kunne na waje zuwa kunnen ciki ta hanyar daɗaɗɗa na injiniya.
Sunan ƙasusuwan da suke dauke da auditory ossicles an karɓa daga Latin. Malleus yana fassara zuwa "hammer," incus shine "anvil," kuma sigogi shine "mahaɗin."
Yayinda yake tsakiya don sauraron, kashi uku na kasusuwa masu tsabta suna shiga cikin yanki wanda bai fi girma ba.
Yaya Auditory Ossicles Work
Manufar auditory ossicles (wanda ake kira sashin ossicular) shine don watsa sauti ta hanyar sakon layi na vibrations wanda ya hada da eardrum zuwa kunnen ciki da cochlea. Da zarar vibrations ya kai ga wani abu, wani wuri mai zurfi, ɗakun da ke cike da ruwa, an fassara su cikin kwarjin ƙwayar da kwakwalwar ta fassara a matsayin sauti.
Sakamakon binciken sakonni ya fara ne lokacin da sauti ya zo da eardrum (tympanic membrane). Kwanar da zazzabi ya wuce zuwa ga malleus, kashin da aka sassauka a cikin ɗaya daga cikin mahaɗɗin abubuwan da ba a haɗe ba.
An yi amfani da tsinkayyarwa zuwa tayin da yake canzawa a wani haɗin gwiwa wanda ba shi da haɗin gwiwa kafin canja wurin ƙwararru zuwa kafa, wanda kashinsa ba wai kawai yana kama da mai kwakwalwa ba amma shine karami a cikin jiki.
Rashin aikin auditory ossicles ya cika a yayin da aka shigar da rubutun gajerun ta hanyar taga mai zurfi (buɗewa tsakanin tsakiya da kunne na ciki).
Ayyukan masu binciken na kayan aiki suna da muhimmiyar gudummawa wajen sauraron cewa suna canza sautin motsi daga iska zuwa maɗaukakiyar cikewar ciki. Suna yadda zazzage vibrations a kusa da 30 decibels (dB) don saukar da wannan canjin.
Dokar Sauti
Bugu da ƙari, don yin saurin sauraro, masu kula da gashin kayan aiki suna aiki ne a yayin da aka nuna su a cikin ƙararraki.
Lokacin da wannan ya faru, tsokoki na eardrum (da ake kira stapedius da tensor tympani tsokoki) zasu yi kwangila. Ƙarfafawa ta rage yawan damar da eardrum ya yi don yin tsawaita, ta haka ne iyakancewar motsi na auditory ossicles da tasiri na sauti.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura, duk da haka, wannan ba wani amsa ba ne. Dogaro tsakanin damuwa da kwakwalwa da dawowa dole ne a fara motsa jiki ta murya mai ƙarfi kafin tashin hankali. Saboda haka, baza a kiyaye kariya da ji ba daga kwatsam, ƙararrawa mai ƙarfi.
Matsakaici na iya rage jinkirin madauki, yin tsofaffi fiye da sauraron lalacewa.
Rashin lafiya na Auditory Ossicles
Ana iya lalacewa a wasu lokuta, a kai tsaye kai tsaye kuma a kaikaice. Raunin iya haifar da asarar labari, wani lokaci mai tsanani, kuma yana iya haɗawa da:
- Otosclerosis , wani yanayin da ƙananan ƙasusuwan suka zama fused kuma wasu lokuta suna bukatar tiyata don gyarawa
- Rushewa daga kasusuwa masu binciken saboda rauni, cututtuka, ko kuma kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani
- Cholesteatoma , cyst wanda yayi tasowa daga baya kuma ya hana motsi na kasusuwa masu binciken
- Gudun daji ko ƙwayar cuta (myringitis) wanda ya rage nauyin tsinkaye a cikin ƙasusuwan masu binciken
- Rashin ciwon kwakwalwa na tsakiya wanda zai iya haifar da gina jiki wanda ya hana ƙaddamarwar motsi
- Kwayoyin halitta da suke shawo kan ci gaban al'ada na masu binciken gashin kwayoyi
> Source:
> Saha, R. Srimani, P .; Mazumdar, A. et al. "Bambancin Bambancin Gabas na Yammacin Ossicles da Harkokin Harkokin Gida." J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (1): AC01-04. DOI: 10.7860 / JCDR / 2017 / 23906.9147.