Wanene Alois Alzheimer?
Alois Alzheimer shine mutumin da aka ba shi kyauta don gano cutar Alzheimer a 1906.
An haifi Alois a ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1864 ga Edward da Therese Alzheimer. Iyalinsu sun zauna a kudancin Jamus. Bayan kammala karatun digiri tare da likita a likita, Alzheimer ya dauki matsayi a asibitin Community for Mental and Epileptic Patients a 1888.
A 1902, shi da abokin aiki, Emil Kraepelin, sun dauki matsayi a Royal Clinic Clinic na Jami'ar Munich.
Ta yaya aka gano cutar ta Alzheimer?
Daya daga cikin marasa lafiya na Alzheimer shine mace mai suna Auguste D, wanda aka yi asibiti tun 1901. Shekaru 51 ne kuma ya nuna alamomi na lalacewa , ciki har da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar zuciya , rikici, rikice-rikice, rikicewa, hallucinations da yaudara . Alzheimer ta bi ta da kuma rubuta takardun shaida ta zurfi, da kuma tattaunawa da ita. Ya lura cewa, a wani lokaci lokacin da Auguste bai iya rubuta wani abu ba, ta ce, "Na yi hasara."
Bayan Auguste ya mutu a shekara ta 1906 lokacin da ya kai shekaru 55, Alzheimer ya nemi a aika masa da kwakwalwarsa don bincikensa. Lokacin da ya karanta shi, ya gano cewa yana dauke da halaye da muke zaton yanzu shine alamun cutar Alzheimer, musamman akan gina amyloid plaque s da neurofibrillary tangles .
Har ila yau, kwakwalwarta ta nuna ciwon giraben ƙwayar cuta, wani abin da ya gano a cikin cutar Alzheimer.
Abin sha'awa, ba har zuwa shekarar 1995 mun sami takardun aikin likita na Alzheimer na rubuce-rubucen kula da Auguste D. da tattaunawa da ita, da samfurin kwakwalwarsa. Bayanansa ya ba mu karin haske game da bincike na Alzheimer kuma ya ba masu masana kimiyya damar tabbatar da kwakwalwar kwakwalwar da ya bayyana a cikin lacca.
Alzheimer ya mutu a ranar 19 ga watan Disamba, 1915. Yana da shekara 51 kawai kuma ya mutu daga kamuwa da cuta a zuciyarsa.
Ta Yaya cutar cututtukan Alzheimer ta samo sunansa?
A 1906, Alois Alzheimer ya ba da lacca wanda ya nuna alamun da Auguste ya yi tare da canje-canjen da ya gani a kwakwalwarsa bayan mutuwarta. A 1907, an buga wannan lacca. Duk da haka, ba a kira shi bayan Alzheimer ba sai 1910 lokacin da Emil Kraepelin, abokin aikin Alzheimer, ya rubuta game da batun Auguste D a cikin littafi na ilimin hauka da kuma rubuta shi a matsayin "cutar Alzheimer."
Tafiyar Bayanin Game da Alois Alzheimer
Abin sha'awa shine, a shekara ta 1884 lokacin da Alzheimer ya kai shekaru 20, ya shiga cikin duwatsun wasan doki da kuma gefen hagu na fuskarsa da takobi. Tun daga wancan lokacin, ya yi hankali don kawai yana da gefen dama na fuskarsa wanda aka nuna a hotunan.
Alzheimer's Other Contributions to Kimiyya da Medicine
Alzheimer na musamman ne a wannan zamanin don dalilai da yawa.
Na farko, shi masanin kimiyya ne mai kyau, ya ɗauki cikakkun bayanai da amfani da sababbin hanyoyin bincike. Bugu da ƙari da gano cutar Alzheimer, bincikensa ya haɗa da wasu ƙididdigar kwakwalwa na canzawa cikin cutar Huntington , arteriosclerosis da epilepsy .
Alzheimer kuma ya sanya muhimmancin yin magana da tattaunawa tare da marasa lafiya a lokacin da yawancin likitoci suka yi aiki tare da waɗanda suke kula da su.
Har ila yau, Alzheimer ya ba da izini don aiwatar da manufofi a mafaka don hana masu marasa lafiya . Ya bukaci ma'aikatansa su bi marasa lafiya, suyi hulɗa da kuma yin magana da su akai-akai, kuma su samar da wanka don wanke su. A baya can, marasa lafiya a mafaka ba su kula da su ba, kuma ana amfani da dakin tsage akai akai. Ta wannan hanyar, Alzheimer ya ba da gudummawar gudummawar ga likita ta duniya ta hanyar tasiri yadda likitoci suka duba da kuma bi da marasa lafiya kamar mutane.
Sources:
Alzheimer's Association. Major maƙalali a Alzheimer da kuma Brain Research. Samun shiga Janairu 31, 2016. http://www.alz.org/research/science/major_milestones_in_alzheimers.asp
Alzheimer ta cuta International. Alois Alzheimer. Samun shiga Janairu 31, 2016. http://www.alz.co.uk/alois-alzheimer
Tattaunawa a cikin Neuroscience Clinical. 2003 Mar; 5 (1): 101-108. Samun cutar Alzheimer. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181715/
Journal of Medical Biography. 2011 Feb, 19 (1): 32-3. Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915) da ciwon Alzheimer. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350079
Lancet. Ma'aikatar Tarihin Lafiya. Aikin Auguste D da Alzheimer. Vol 349 • Mayu 24, 1997. http://alzheimer.neurology.ucla.edu/pubs/alzheimerLancet.pdf
Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center. Tarihi. Samun shiga Janairu 31, 2016. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/alzheimers-care/history.aspx