Sanin asirin Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Cancer da Ƙari
Bugu da ƙari, to thyroid-musamman na asibiti kimantawa , yanayin thyroid bukatar takamaiman gwaje-gwaje da kuma hanyoyin don tabbatar da ganewar asali. Mataki na gaba yayi nazarin ka'idodi daban-daban don ganewar asali.
Hypothyroidism
Don taimakawa wajen gano asali ko kuma fitar da fitar da hypothyroidism, likitoci zasu fara da gwajin jini wanda yayi matakan hormone (TSH).
Tun daga farkon shekara ta 2003, yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Amurka sun kasance daga al'ada daga 0.5 zuwa 5.5. Duk da haka, Ƙungiyar 'Yan Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararruyar Amirka ta bayar da shawarar cewa an yi nazarin al'amuran al'ada zuwa 0.3 zuwa 3.0. Tare da 5.5 a matsayin saman ƙarshen al'ada al'ada , TSH sama da cewa matakin an dauke hypothyroid. A karkashin sabon jagororin, duk da haka, za'a iya gano TSH sama da 3.0 na hypothyroid.
Lura: Wasu masu aiki sunyi imani da cewa matakin TSH ya kamata a kiyaye a matakan ƙananan lokacin daukar ciki. (Dubi Menene Zakaran TSH na al'ada A Kowace Kwanan Tsakanin Ciki? )
Wasu gwaje-gwaje na jini waɗanda za a iya yi don taimakawa wajen bincikar hypothyroidism sun hada da:
- Total T4 (Nauyin Thyroxine) - ƙananan T4 matakin tare da TSH mai girma yana iya nuna hypothyroidism.
- Free T4 (Thyroxine (Free Thyroxine) - wani ƙananan ƙwararren T4 tare da TSH mai girma yana iya nuna hypothyroidism.
- Kwancen T3 ( Jimlar Tashin Rashin Tayi ) - Ƙananan T3 na matakin T3 tare da TSH mai girma yana iya nuna hypothyroidism.
- Free T3 (Free Triiodothyronine) - ƙananan matakan T3 na T3 tare da TSH mai girma yana iya nuna hypothyroidism.
Hashimoto ta cuta
Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ita ce cutar wanda ya fi dacewa da hypothyroidism. Halin halayyar thyroiditis haƙuri na Hashimoto zai sami matsayin TSH da ƙananan T3 da T4 (ko Free T3 da Free T4).
A high taro na thyroid autoantibodies - Anti-TPO antibodies musamman - Har ila yau halayyar cutar Hashimoto.
Cututtukan cututtuka da Hyperthyroidism
Yin bincike akan hyperthyroidism na buƙatar cikakken bincike na asibiti, lokacin da likita ya bincika masu haƙuri da ciwon ciki. Za a iya tabbatar da hawan mahaifa ta hanyar amfani da TSH, T4 (ko Free T4 ), T3 (ko Free T3) da gwaje-gwaje na RAI-U. Gwajin RAI-U ta hanyar raya rayuka (RAI-U), wanda ke nuna jinjin da kuma ikon yin amfani da iodine, ana amfani da su don gano asalin hyperthyroidism, da kuma taimakawa wajen gane ko cutar ta hanyar cutar Graves ne ya haifar da hyperthyroid. Magani da cututtukan cututtuka sun haɗa da shaidun da ke dauke da Thyroid Receptor Antibodies (TRAb) / Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulins (TSI).
Binciken cikakken bayani game da yadda cutar cututtuka da hyperthyroidism aka gano a cikin wannan labarin: Bincike na Cututtuka Graves / Hyperthyroidism .
Goiter
Matakai da dama zasu iya shiga cikin bincikar goiter:
- Binciken da kulawa da wuyanka ya kara
- Jarabawar jini don tantance idan thyroid din yana samar da rashin daidaitattun nau'in hormone thyroid
- Gwajin gwaji , don tabbatar da cewa cutar rashin lafiya wanda zai iya zama dalilin goiter ku
- An gwada jarrabawa don kimanta girman girman
- Aiki na rediyo yatotope yourroid scan don samar da hoto na thyroid da kuma samar da bayanan bayyane game da yanayin karoid ci gaba (bayanin kula: saboda mummunan lalacewa ga maganin jaririn, waɗannan ba a yi a lokacin haihuwa ko nono)
Nodules
Nodules yawanci ana kimanta su ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- Jarabawar jini, don sanin ko nodules naka suna samar da hormone thyroid
- Iodine mai amfani (RAI-U)
- Ɗaukakawa na thyroid, don sanin ko nodule ne m ko cika-cika
- Gudun maciji mai mahimmanci ko ƙwayar daji na nodules, don kimanta ko yatsun (s) na iya zama ƙyama
Tun daga shekara ta 2011, an samo wani tsari mai mahimmanci na asibiti mai kyau , wadda ta kawar da sakamakon da aka samu na FNA. Wannan jarrabawar ana kiransa Veracyte Afirma Thyroid Analysis .
Ciwon daji na thyroid
Magungunan ciwon daji na thyroid zai iya ƙunsar hanyoyi da gwaje-gwaje, ciki har da jarrabawar jiki, biopsy, gwajin hoto , da gwajin jini. Wannan labarin yana ba da cikakken bayani game da tsarin ganewar asali.
Gaba ɗaya, duk da haka, ga kowa da kowa sai dai marasa lafiya masu ciki, an yi RAI-U don taimakawa wajen gane idan nodules suna sanyi, wanda ke nufin suna da wata babbar damar kasancewa mai ciwo.
Idan an yi la'akari da nodule cewa yana da ciwon zuciya, ana gudanar da kwayar cutar buƙata mai kyau (FNA) . Ana cire ruwa da kuma sel daga sassa daban daban na nodule, kuma waɗannan samfurori an kimanta su ta hanyar likita. Daga tsakanin 60 zuwa 80 bisa dari na gwajin FNA ya nuna cewa nodule ba shi da kyau. Kimanin daya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen FNA 20 na nuna ciwon daji. Sauran shari'un da aka ƙaddara a matsayin "m." Yawancin lokaci, an cire nodules mai tsauri don biopsy, don sarrafawa ko gano asibiti.
Source
Braverman, MD, Lewis E., da Robert D. Utiger, MD. Werner da Ingbar ta Yourroid: Wani Mahimmanci da Kalmomi Text. 9th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.