Hypothyroidism na iya bunkasa ga wasu dalilai daban-daban, daga mummunan harin kai tsaye akan glandon thyroid (wanda ake kira Hashimoto's thyroiditis) don shan magani kamar lithium. Hypothyroidism na iya kasancewa alama ta farko na matsalar matsala ta gland.
Fahimtar "dalilin da yasa" bayan wani asali na hypothyroidism yana da mahimmanci don ci gaba da shirin maganin.
Wannan shi ne saboda yayin da wasu mutane na iya buƙatar canjin hormone na rayuwa, wasu na iya samun jigilar hypothyroidism (alal misali, postpartum thyroiditis), buƙatar dakatar da shan magani, ko kuma buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje kamar gwagwarmaya ta gland.
Dalili na Magana
Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ne babbar hanyar hypothyroidism a Amurka.
Hashimoto ta Thyroiditis
Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ne autoimmune cuta cewa rinjayar your thyroid gland shine yake. A Hashimoto ta, maganin rigakafi sunyi maganin sunadarai a cikin glandar thyroid, haifar da lalacewa ta hankali ta gland kanta kanta, baza shi iya samar da hormones thyroid jikinka.
Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ya fi kowa a cikin mata, kuma yayin da zai iya faruwa a kowane zamani, yana da yawanci yayin da mutane suka tsufa. Ga mata, Hashimoto yana tasowa a lokacin daukar ciki, bayan bayarwa, ko kuma lokacin da ake yi wa mazauni.
Wasu dalilai
Bayan cutar ta Hashimoto, wasu dalilai na hypothyroidism sun hada da:
Tiyata
Mutanen da ke da hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, ko ciwon daji na thyroid zai iya buƙatar yin tiyata. Idan dukkanin glandan thyroid an cire shi, sai mutum zai kasance hypothyroid kuma yana buƙatar rayuwar magungunan maganin hormone.
Idan an cire wani ɓangare na glandar thyroid, akwai kyakkyawar dama cewa har yanzu zai iya yin isasshen hormone thyroid.
Radiation
Maimakon yin tiyata ko maganin antithyroid, wasu mutane da ke dauke da hyperthyroidism suna bi da su tare da Idinin rediyo, wanda zai halakar da glandon thyroid, ya sa mutum hypothyroid. Mutanen da ke shan magani na radiation don lymphoma na Hodgkin ko ciwon daji da kuma wuyansa ne kuma suna fuskantar haɗari don bunkasa hypothyroidism.
Thyroiditis
Thyroiditis ya bayyana thyroid gland shine ƙwayoyin cuta kumburi da kuma shi ne babban lokaci ga dama thyroid yanayi. Cutar cutar Hashimoto (kamar yadda aka ambata a sama) shine mafi yawan nauyin thyroiditis kuma an lalacewa ta hanyar kai harin.
Wani misali na thyroiditis ne subacute thyroiditis (kuma da ake kira de Quervain ta thyroiditis), wanda aka yi imani da za a lalacewa ta hanyar cutar. Tare da irin wannan thyroiditis, mutum yana jin hyperthyroidism da hypothyroidism, baya ga wani mummunan gland shine.
Wasu Magunguna
Wasu magunguna na iya haifar da hypothyroidism. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da:
- Lithium
- Amiodarone
- Thionamides (maganin antithyroid)
- Interferon-alpha
- Interleukin-2
- Wasu magungunan ciwon daji (magungunan tyrosine kinase da mai rikici na immunotherapies)
Ixine Excess ko rashin lafiya
Mafi yawan iodin (alal misali, daga abin da ake ci da abincin da ke dauke da kelp) zai iya haifar da hawan hypothyroidism. Bugu da ƙari, rashi na iodine, wanda aka gani a wasu mutane a cikin ƙasashen da ba su da tushe na iya haifar da hypothyroidism. Iodine wajibi ne don samar da hormone thyroid, kuma ana samuwa a cikin abinci, kamar kayayyakin kiwo, kaza, naman sa, naman alade, kifi, da gishiri mai indized.
Hypothyroidism na al'ada
Wasu jariri an haife su ba tare da glandar thyroid ba ko tare da kawai glanden thyroid gland shine. Tun da babu nauyin gwiwar thyroid (ko bai isa ba) don samar da hormone thyroid, hypothyroidism tasowa, wanda yake da tsanani kuma yana bukatar magani tare da thyroid hormone kwaya.
Pituitary Gland Matsala
Glandan da ke cikin kwakwalwa yana samuwa a cikin kwakwalwa kuma yana motsa wasu glanders a jiki, kamar glandon thyroid, don sakin hormone. Idan glandwar cutar ta rushe ta hanyar ciwon kwakwalwa, radiation, ko tiyata kwakwalwa, mai yiwuwa ba zai aiki da kyau don sigina glandon thyroid ba. Wannan zai iya haifar da ƙwayar gwiwar da ke ciki. Irin wannan hypothyroidism ana kira tsakiya ko sakandaren hypothyroidism.
Cututtuka masu ciwo
Kusan, wasu cututtuka, kamar hemochromatosis, zasu iya ajiye abubuwa masu haɗari (baƙin ƙarfe, a yanayin casar hemochromatosis) a cikin glandarka, wanda ke haifar da hypothyroidism, ko kuma ƙasa da ƙwayar ka, wanda ke haifar da hypothyroidism.
Bayan hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis iya haifar da deposition granuloma a cikin thyroid gland shine. Akwai kuma yanayin da ake kira fibrous thyroiditis (ko Riedel ta thyroiditis), wanda fibrotic nama maye gurbin al'ada thyroid nama.
Genetics
Jirginku na DNA yana taka muhimmiyar rawa idan yazo wajen bunkasa hypothyroidism, kuma wannan ya taimaka da yawan karatun.
Alal misali, binciken Jamus ya sami haɗari 32 na haɓaka don bunkasa thyroiditis a Hashimoto a cikin yara da karuwar haɗari 21 a cikin 'yan uwa na mutane tare da thyroiditis na Hashimoto.
Yayin da kake duban wasu kwayoyin da aka danganta da Hashimoto, masana kimiyya sun sami maye gurbin jigilar kwayoyin halitta don kare dan adam (HLA), masu karɓar T-cell, da sauran kwayoyin da ke cikin tsarin rigakafi.
Don ci gaba da tallafawa tasirin kwayoyin halitta wajen bunkasa thyroiditis na Hashimoto, cututtukan kwayoyin cututtuka, ciwon Turner da Down syndrome, suna da haɓaka fiye da yadda ake tsammani na rashin lafiyar thyroiditis, musamman Hashimoto ta thyroiditis.
Dukkanin sun ce, duk da haka, yana da muhimmanci mu tuna cewa kwayoyinku suna daya daga cikin abubuwan da zasu taimaka wajen hango hadarin kuzarin bunkasa hypothyroidism. Akwai wasu dalilai masu yawa (muhalli) da suka shiga wasa, kamar ciki ko shan wasu magunguna.
A ƙarshe, hada hade da kwayoyin halitta da kuma lalata muhalli wanda ya hango hadarin mutum na musamman don bunkasa hypothyroidism.
Dalili na Kasuwanci
Abubuwan da ke kawo haɓakar mutum ga bunkasa hypothyroidism sun hada da:
- Kasancewa mace
- Kasancewa da tsufa
- Kasancewa Caucasian ko Asiya
- Da ciwon tarihin tarihin tarihin Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ko wata cuta mai kwakwalwa
- Da ciwon tarihin kansa na cututtuka na asibiti (alal misali, rashin lafiyar jiki, cututtuka na rheumatoid, ko ciwon sukari na irin 1)
- Yin ciki ko postpartum
- Yawancin yawa ko amfani mai yawa
- Bi da tare da radioactive aidin
- Rashin radiyo da aka samu a wuyansa ko kirji na sama
- Yarda aikin tiyata
- Ana bi da wasu magunguna (alal misali, lithium don cuta na jini)
Hanyoyin Rashin Dama
Abin sha'awa, r esearch ya nuna cewa za a iya danganta rashi na selenium don bunkasa thyroiditis da hypothyroidism na Hashimoto. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ana samun ciwon ciwon zuciya, kamar migraines, an gano cewa za a hade da haɗarin hawan hypothyroidism, musamman ma a cikin mata masu girma.
Har yanzu ba a san daidai yadda shan taba ke shafar glandar thyroid ba, ko da yake yana da wata hadari. Duk da yake nazarin ya nuna cewa shan taba cigaba yana kara yawan hawan hypothyroidism a cikin mutanen da ke cikin Hashimoto na thyroiditis, wasu bincike sun nuna cewa shan taba yana da nasaba da rashin amfani da hypothyroidism da kuma karuwar rashin daidaituwa na hyperthyroidism.
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