Yourroid nodules ne na kowa da mafi yawan su ne benign (non-cancerous). Amma kayyade wace waxanda suke da ladabi game da mummunar rikici na iya zama tsari marar kyau.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa masu binciken sun kirkiro gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na kwayoyin da ake amfani dashi a kan samfurori na samfurori da aka samo ta daga jikin karoid. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na taimakawa likita ya yanke shawara ko yaduwar karoid zai iya yiwuwa ko a'a, wanda sau da yawa yana tasiri ko mutum yana shan ciwon tiyata.
Samun Yourroid Cells
Hanyar cire ƙwayar jikin ka daga wani jikin mutum, wanda ake kira kwari mai mahimmanci mai fata ko FNA, mai sauƙi ne, mai lafiya, kuma yana aiki a ofishin likita.
A lokacin FNA, likita zai yi amfani da allurar cirewa (cire "aspirate") daga nodule. Don tabbatar da allurar ta shiga cikin nodule, likita zai yi amfani da duban dan tayi don ya jagoranci shi.
Da zarar an yi amfani da kwayoyin halitta, likita (wanda ake kira mai ilimin likitancin mutum) ana nazarin su a ƙarƙashin ƙwayoyin microscope don sanin ko yaduwar kwayar cutar ta zama mummunan ciwon daji ( ciwon maganin ciwon maganin ciwo ).
Wani lokaci, duk da haka, sakamakon FNA ba shi da "ƙananan" ma'anar yana da ma'anar ko nodule ya yi rauni ko a'a.
A cikin yanayin samfurori marasa tabbas, ana yawan maimaita yawan kwayoyin halitta. Idan ba a ƙayyade shi ba a karo na biyu, likita zai yi la'akari da kashi uku na kwayoyin halitta ko kuma tiyata.
Idan mutum ya ƙare har ya fara aikin tiyata kuma ciwon ciwon thyroid yana samuwa, ana ganin thyroidectomy wani mataki mai dacewa kuma mai dacewa a magani.
Duk da haka, idan ba'a gano ciwon ciwon thyroid ba (kuma nodule ba shi da kyau), mai haƙuri ya rasa wani abu mai muhimmanci, kuma a cikin tsari, ya zama hypothyroid don rayuwa. Bugu da ƙari, aikin tiyata yana da haɗari kuma yana haɗuwa da hadari kamar lalacewar glandon parathyroid da jijiyar da ke sarrafa akwatin muryarka
Ƙwararrun kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta Daga thyroid Nodules
Tare da matsala game da abin da za a yi a lokacin da aka dawo da rashin lafiya na FNA, masu bincike sun fara tasowa gwaje-gwajen don inganta binciken ƙididdiga na waɗannan nodules.
Wani kayan aiki, wanda ake kira Afirma Thyroid FNA Analysis, wani gwaji ne na gwajin kwayoyin wanda yayi amfani da samfurin nunawa a cikin samfurin FNA don tabbatar da ganewa ko dai "maras kyau" ko "mai dadi ga rashin lafiya."
Idan bincike ya nuna nodule ya zama marar lahani, to, bin hankali da kuma saka idanu na nodule yawanci ana bada shawarar (wanda shine sababbin nodules). Idan nodule yana da damuwa ga malignancy, fiye da mutum zai iya ci gaba da tiyata.
Bincike ya nuna cewa jarrabawar Afirma shine mafi kyawun maganin ciwon daji na "sarrafawa", yana ma'ana yana da darajar tsinkaye mara kyau.
Sauran gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da gwajin ThyGenX da ThyroSeq. Tambaya na ThyGenX yayi nazarin samfurin tantanin halitta don maye gurbin mutun da alamomi don samun dama ga hadarin ciwon daji. Wannan gwajin yana da kyau sosai ga "hukuncin" a cikin ciwon daji, don haka yana da kyakkyawar ƙimar da ke da tabbas.
Har ma mafi tsabta, jarrabawar ThyroSeq tana da kyau a duka "ma'anar" da kuma "shawo kan" ciwon daji.
Abin da wannan zai iya nufi don maganin karoid ne cewa idan ka riga ka sami FNA biopsy wanda ya samo asirin karoid, kuma likitanka na bada shawarar thyroidectomy, zaka iya sha'awar samun FNA tare da likita wanda yake amfani da ɗaya daga cikin kwayoyin halitta gwaje-gwaje.
A ƙarshe, samun ci gaba mai mahimmanci zai iya hana yiwuwar tiyata.
Kalma Daga
Duk da yake waɗannan gwaje-gwaje na kwayoyin sune masu ban mamaki, gwaje-gwaje masu juyi, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa bincike akan su yana ci gaba.
A wasu kalmomi, waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ba cikakke ba ne - likitoci suna buƙatar nazarin kowane ƙalubalantar ƙwaƙwalwar marasa lafiya da juna tare da yadda za a hada wadannan kayan aikin bincike a cikin kulawarsu.
> Sources:
> Ƙungiyar Amirka Thyroid Association. (2018). Gwajiyar ƙwararriyar ƙwayar jinin jiki na Thyroid Nodules: Hanyar da fassarar sakamakon.
> Baca SC et al. Masu halayen halayen ƙwayar cuta a cikin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin thyroid nodules suna hade da bambancin ra'ayi na Afirma da kuma sakamakon binciken asibiti. Cancer Cytopathol . 2017 May; 125 (5): 313-22. dx.doi.org/:10.1002/cncy.21827.
> Ferris et al. Bayanin Ƙungiyar Wararka ta Amurka Thyroid game da Amfani da Labaran Ƙwayoyin Daji na Thyroid Nodules: Imfani na yanzu akan Tsarin Tsarin Mulki. Thyroid . 2015 Yuli 1; 25 (7): 760-68. dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2014.0502.
> Zhang M, Lin O. Gwajin gwaji na thyroid nodules: Binciken gwaje-gwaje na yanzu don samfurori na asibiti. Arch Pathol Lab Med . 2016 Dec; 140 (12): 1338-44.