TSH, T4, T4 na T4, T3, Free T3, Sauya T3, Antibodies, da sauran Tests
Jiki na jini don thyroid aiki suna da muhimmanci ɓangare na tsari don diagnosing thyroid cuta da kuma magance thyroid yanayi. Ga taƙaitaccen bayani don taimaka maka samun fahimtar mahimmancin gwajin jinin thyroid, abin da suke aunawa, abin da ma'anar sakamakon, da kuma tasiri kan ganewar asali da kuma gudanar da yanayin karoid. Hakanan zaka iya shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai game da kowanne kuma sami fahimtar abin da ake nufi.
Testing Thyroid | Gidan Gida |
| TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) | 0.5-4.70 μIU / ml |
| Total T4 (Thyroxine) | 4.5-12.5 μg / dL |
| Free T4 (Free Thyroxine) | 0.8-1.8 ng / dL |
| Total T3 (Triiodothyronine) | 80 -200 ng / dL |
| Free T3 (Free Triiodothyronine) | 2.3- 4.2 pg / ml |
| RT3 (Gyara T3 / Gyara Triiodothyronine) | 10-24 ng / dL |
| TPOAb (Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies) | 0-35 IU / ML |
| TSI (Thyroid-stimulating Immunoglobulins) | 0-1.3 |
| Tg (Thyroglobulin) | Babu glanden sanyi: 0-0.1 ng / ml. |
| TgAb (Thyroglobulin Antibodies) | 0-4.0 IU / ML |
TSH (Hormone Hidden Hormone) Test
Sauran Sunaye: Zazzaɓi Thyrotropin
Game da: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) shi ne hormone pituitary wanda yake shi ne manzo zuwa glandon thyroid. Idan pituitary ya gano cewa gland din yana samar da hawan hormone kadan, pituitary ya samar da karin TSH, wanda hakan ya haifar da gland shine ya haifar da hormone thyroid. Lokacin da pituitary ya gano nau'in hormone thyroid da yawa, yana rage TSH, a matsayin saƙo ga gland shine ya rage ko dakatar da samar da hormone thyroid.
Matakan: Tsarin TSH yayi kimanin yawan TSH a cikin jini.
Hanyar Range: 0.5-4.70 μIU / ml. (Wasu ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje suna 0.3 zuwa 4.5, ko wasu jeri na irin wannan.)
Magana ta al'ada: Sama da kewayo, kuma a karkashin 10 μIU / mL ne "hypothyroidism" mai rikice-rikice, fiye da 10 μI / ML ya shafe hypothyroidism. A karkashin 0.1 zuwa 0.5 μIU / mL ana daukar shaidar alamun hyperthyroidism na kasa, kasa da 0.1 na iya kasancewa hyperthyroidism.
An kiyasta matakan TSH "al'ada" don ware hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism.
Fassara Mai Girma : Matsakaicin sama da 1.5 zuwa 2.0 μIU / ML na iya zama alamar ƙwayar cuta na thyroid. Matsayi mafi kyau daga 1.0 zuwa 1.5 μIU / ml.
Jayayya: Akwai jayayya masu yawa game da gwajin TSH da abin da ake nufi.
- Daga cikin masu binciken ƙarshen halitta, akwai rikici game da abin da ake nufi da lakabin TSH . Yawanci, yana gudana daga kimanin 0.4 / 0.5 zuwa 4.5 ko haka. Amma wasu masu binciken endocrinologists sun yi imanin cewa ƙarshen zangon kulawa ya zama 3.0.
- Daga cikin masu aikin likita, akwai rikice-rikicen akan matakan da za a bi da matakan a karkashin 10.0. Wasu likitoci sun gaskata cewa wadannan matakan sunyi magani tare da kwayoyin maye gurbin maganin hormone - yayin da wasu sunyi la'akari da cewa "hypothyroidism" - kuma ana bukatar magani kawai bayan matakan wuce 10.0.
- Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa koda lokacin da TSH ya fada cikin layin kulawa, idan mai ciwon yana da bindigar Hashimoto, magani yana da tabbacin .
- Masanan likitoci sunyi imanin cewa TSH daya ne kawai a cikin yawan bincike da kuma kulawa ga magunguna. Suna komawa kan rashin amincewa a kan TSH a matsayin Tashin TSH.
- Masanan likitoci sunyi imani cewa gaskiyar aikin thyroid aiki shine ainihin, ana samun hormones na thyroid wanda ke cikin jini-Free T4 da Free T3.
T4 / Thyroxine da Free T4 / Free Thyroxine
Game da: Thyroxine, wanda aka sani da T4, yana ɗaya daga cikin maɓallin ciwon hawan karoid. Yawancin hormone da aka yi da thyroid gland shine thyroxine . Thyroxine an dauke shi hormone "ajiya" a cikin cewa shi kadai ba jiki ba ne ta jiki don samar da makamashi da kuma isar da oxygen zuwa kwayoyin halitta. Dole ne ya rasa atomin aidin, wani tsari da ake kira monodeiodination (ko T4 zuwa T3 fasalin), kuma ya zama triiodothyronine (T3) don amfani da kwayoyin.
Matakan: Kwancen T4 yayi la'akari da adadin thyroxine da ke cikin jini. Free T4 yayi la'akari da samuwa, ƙimar thyroxine a cikin jini.
Kyakkyawan glanden giyar da ke haifar da thyroxine, kuma thyroxine yana buƙatar canzawa zuwa triiodothyronine (T3) domin yada oxygen da makamashi zuwa kwayoyin halitta.
Gidan Talla: T4: 4.5-12.5 μg / dL, Free T4: 0.8-1.8 ng / dL
Magana ta al'ada : Mutane da yawa likitoci ba su gwada Total T4 ko Free T4. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, tare da TSH, T4 ko Free T4 matakan da suke ƙarƙashin iyakacin tunani ana daukar shaidun hypothyroidism. Tare da ƙananan matakan da aka ƙaddara na TSH, T4 ko T4 na T4 da ke sama da maƙallin kewayawa suna dauke da shaidar hyperthyroidism .
Fassara Mai Girma: Domin ganewar asali da kuma maganin hypothyroidism, matakan a cikin rabin rabi na ƙididdiga suna dauke da mafi kyau duka kuma shaida na aikin maganin thyroid.
Jayayya: Mafi yawan masu binciken likita masu amfani da kwayar halitta kawai suna yin amfani da gwajin TSH a ganewar asali da kuma kula da yanayin maganin karoid, kuma a sakamakon haka, kada ka gwada gwadawa ko matakan T4 kyauta.
T3 / Triiodothyronine da Free T3 / Free Triiodothyronine
Game da: Triiodothyronine (T3) ita ce hormone thyroid. Kyakkyawan ƙwayar thyroid gishiri na haifar da wasu triiodothyronine-nau'in hormone thyroid. Sauran shi ne sakamakon karuwar thyroxine a cikin triiodothyronine.
Matakan: Gwargwadon t3 na gwajin t3 yayi la'akari da adadin triiodothyronine da ke cikin jini. Free T3 ƙaddamar da kyauta, ƙananan matakan hormone triiodothyronine samuwa don amfani da jiki.
Gidan Talla: T3: 80-200 ng / dL, Free T3: (Triiodothyronine): 2.3- 4.2 pg / mL
Magana ta al'ada : Mutane da yawa likitoci ba su gwada Total T3 ko Free T3. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, tare da TSH masu tasowa, T3 ko T3 matakan da ke ƙasa da tsinkin kalma an dauki shaidun hypothyroidism. Tare da ƙananan matsalolin TSH, T3 ko Free T3 matakan da suke sama da kewayon tunani suna dauke da shaidar hyperthyroidism.
Fassara Mai Girma: Domin ganewar asali da kuma maganin hypothyroidism, matakan a cikin rabin rabi na ɗaukar hoto suna dauke da shaida na isasshen aikin aikin thyroid, kuma matakan da ke cikin kashi 25th cikin kashi na maƙallin kewayawa suna dauke da mafi kyau. A cikin ra'ayoyin haɗin kai, ƙananan ƙarancin ƙarancin zai iya yin magani tare da magungunan maganin hormone mai maye, ko magani wanda ya hada da T3 .
Jayayya: Gwajin T3 da Free T3 sun fi rikitarwa fiye da T4 . Wannan shi ne mahimmanci saboda yawancin masu aikin gargajiya ba su yarda da cewa matakin T3 yana da tasiri game da bayyanar cututtuka, kuma babu wani wuri don magani tare da T3 hormone .
Saboda ƙananan kyauta na T3 suna wakiltar hormone mai saurin gaske, wasu masu amfani da T3 suna tunanin su sun fi dacewa su kwatanta halin halayen marasa lafiya, idan aka kwatanta da TSH da / ko duka T3.
RT3 / Kashe T3 / Kashe Triiodothyronine
Game da: Kashe T3 shine nau'i na T3 wanda ba shi da aiki kuma ana samar da shi a mafi girma a lokutan wahala.
Matakan: Tsarin T3 wanda ba shi da amfani, mara amfani da aka samar yayin da jikin ke cikin damuwa.
Hanyar Range: Yawanci 10-24 ng / dL
Magana ta al'ada: Wannan gwaji ba shi da yakamata da likitoci na al'ada, wadanda basu ga darajar wannan ƙimar ba.
Fassara Mai Girma: Masu likita da masu likita wadanda suka mayar da hankali ga ma'auni na hormone mafi kyau ya dauka kara girman RT3 ko raunin RT3 / T3 wanda ya zama alama mai mahimmanci na rashin jin dadi ko dysfunctional thyroid. Sun yi imanin cewa T3 ya kamata ya fada a cikin rabin rabi na al'ada.
Jayayya: Kashe T3 shine gwaji mai rikitarwa . Magungunan gargajiya na musamman sun yi watsi da darajar RT3 a cikin bincikar maganin, magancewa da kuma kula da hypothyroidism. Magunguna masu haɗaka da waɗanda suka kula da ma'auni na hakika, amma sunyi la'akari da RT3 da aka hawanta don zama alama mai mahimmanci na rashin jin dadi ko dysfunctional thyroid.
TPOAb / Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies
Sauran Sunaye: Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibodies
Game da: maganin thyroid peroxidase (TPO), kuma an rage su kamar TPOAb, su ne maganin rigakafi da suka haifar da sakamakon wani harin kai tsaye a kan glandar thyroid. Suna ci gaba da gland, kuma yawanci yakan haifar da lalata gland a cikin lokaci. TPOAb bindigogi kai hari thyroid peroxidase, wani enzyme da ke taka muhimmiyar a cikin hira na T4 zuwa T3. Matakan TPOAb masu tasowa na iya zama shaida na ƙin ƙusar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ko lalacewar nama irin su cutar Hashimoto. Kadan yawanci, TPO an gani a wasu nau'o'in thyroiditis irin su post-partum thyroiditis .
Matakan: Wannan jarabawar gwajin matakan TPO.
Hanyar Gida: Yanayin ɗaukar hoto daga 0-35 IU / ml
Magana ta al'ada: Idan matakan TPOAb sun fada a cikin zangon shafukan, ana ganin su al'ada. Wannan ba shi da cikakkiyar maganin cututtukan Hashimoto amma ya sa ya zama marar iyaka. Matakan TPOAb da aka haɓaka suna nuna kumburi na gland, yawanci saboda halayyar thyroiditis Hashimoto ko wasu nau'o'in thyroiditis .
An kiyasta cewa TPOAb ana iya ganewa a kimanin kashi 95 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya da thyroiditis na Hashimoto, kuma kashi 50 zuwa 85 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya na Graves. Hanyoyin maganin marasa lafiya da aka samu a marasa lafiya da cutar Graves sun kasance mafi yawa daga marasa lafiya da cutar Hashimoto. A cikin ra'ayi na al'ada, duk da haka, TPOAb mai girma ya buƙaci ba magani ba sai dai idan ya haɗa da hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism.
Fassara Mai Girma : Wasu marasa lafiya sun daukaka TPOAb, amma suna da "ƙaura," tare da ƙwayoyin T4, T3, da TSH na al'ada. Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa maganin rigakafi tare da levothyroxine na iya zama garanti a cikin marasa lafiya, domin yana iya rage tsayin daka , da kuma taimakawa wajen ci gaban ci gaban hypothyroidism.
Magana: Mutane da yawa masu binciken endocrinologists ba su yarda da gwajin gwajin TPOAb ba, suna son maimakon magance ƙwayar maganin thyroid da kuma kulawa a kan gwajin TSH kawai.
TSI / Thyroid-stimulating Immunoglobulins
Game da: Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin-TSI-sune kwayoyin da ke motsa karoid gland to girma da kuma saki wuce haddasa hormone, haifar da hyperthyroidism. Wannan gwajin na wani lokaci ana kiransa mai karɓar sakon TSH mai motsawa.
Matakan: Jirgin TSI yayi kimantawa game da irin wadannan kwayoyin cutar a cikin jini.
Gidan Gida: Kasa ko kuma daidai da 1.3
Tattaunawa na al'ada: Tsakanin TSI an ɗauke shi a cikin kashi 75 zuwa 90 bisa dari na marasa lafiya na marasa lafiya. Mafi girman matakan, mafi mahimmanci ana zaton ƙwaƙwalwar cutar ta kasance. (Rashin waɗannan kwayoyin cutar ba wai, amma, ya fitar da cututtukan cututtuka.) Ka lura: wasu mutane da cutar Hashimoto suna da wadannan kwayoyin cutar, kuma wannan na iya haifar da wani ɓangaren lokaci na hyperthyroidism.
An gwada gwaji ta TSI don gano cutar cututtuka da kuma kimanta mai goiter multitodular . Haka kuma an yi shi a cikin wata mace mai ciki da cututtukan Graves , a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata na ciki, don tantance yiwuwar haihuwar jaririn da aka haifa tare da hyperthyroidism ko cutar.
Tg / Thyroglobulin
Game da: Thyroglobulin (Tg) wani sinadarin gina jiki ne wanda gubar gurasar ta haifar da kai, kuma kasancewarsa a cikin jini shine alamar cewa mai haƙuri yana da glanden thyroid - ko duk gland ko sauran da suka rage bayan an tilasta su ko halayen rediyo (RAI) .
Matakan: Gwajin Tg sun gwada matakin Tg a cikin jini. Ana gwada T hyroglobulin a cikin magungunan ciwon daji na thyroid, don sanin idan nama mai laushi yana samar da thyroglobulin kafin magani, don sanin idan magani yana aiki, kuma don taimakawa wajen gano komawa bayan magani. Tun da yawancin maganin ciwon daji da ke jikinka, papillary da follicular-samar da thyroglobulin, da kuma ƙananan matakan thyroglobulin na iya zama alamar ciwon daji.
Hanyar Gida: Idan ba ku da glanden sanyi, ya zama ƙasa da 0.1 ng / ml. Idan har yanzu kuna da glandan, ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da ko kuma daidai da 33 ng / ml
Magana ta al'ada: Ƙananan matakin thyroglobulin na al'ada ne a cikin mutanen da basu da cutar thyroid. Matakan da aka haɓaka a cikin wani da thyroid cance r na nufin cewa ana iya kula da matakan thyroglobulin daga bisani don taimakawa wajen gano komawa. Matakan thyroglobulin ya kamata su kasance 0 ko raunana bayan tiyata ko kuma bayan jiyya na Iidine (RAI) . Idan har yanzu suna iya ganowa, ana iya buƙatar ƙarin magani. Idan matakan sun fara tashi bayan maganin ciwon maganin ciwon maganin thyroid, wannan zai zama alamar cewa ciwon daji ya sake dawowa.
Yanayi da ke haifar da kumburi na glandar thyroid-watau, goiter, thyroiditis , ko hyperthyroidism-na iya haifar da matakan da kake dauke da thyroglobulin. Jarabawar ba a yawanci an umarce shi ba a lokacin kulawa ga waɗannan yanayi, duk da haka.
TgAb / Thyroglobulin Antibodies
About: Thyroglobulin kwayoyin-da aka sani da TgAb-su ne antibodies da thyroglobulin.
Matakan: Gwajin TgAb yayi matakan matakin wadannan kwayoyin cutar da ke kewaye da jini.
Gidan Gida: Yanayin ɗaukar hoto ba shi da inganci 4.0 IU / ML
Magana ta al'ada: An gano matakan TgAb masu girma a cikin kashi 10 cikin dari na mutanen da ke da aikin maganin thyroid, kuma yawancin mutane 15 zuwa 20 cikin dari na ciwon daji na thyroid. TgAb matakan ma ya karu a kimanin kashi 60 na marasa lafiya na Hashimoto da kashi 30 na marasa lafiya na Graves. Idan an riga an bincikar ku da cututtukan cututtukan Graves, tare da girman tgAb matakan kuma yana nufin cewa za ku kasance mai yiwuwa ya zama hypothyroid.
TgAb zai iya tsoma baki tare da sakamako na thyroglobulin (Tg), don haka yana da mahimmanci ga wadanda ke fama da ciwon maganin thyroid don samun matakan TgAb tare da Tg a lokaci na lokaci.
Kalma Daga
Hannun jeri da sassan da aka yi amfani da su na iya bambanta daga Lab zuwa Lab. Koyaushe ƙayyade ƙayyadaddun jeri da gwajin gwagwarmaya a dakin gwaje-gwaje inda aka gudanar da gwajin ku.
Wasu likitoci ko ma'aikatan ofisoshin suna kira su gaya muku sakamakon binciken gwajin ku. Kuna iya jin "sakamakonku ya kasance lafiya," ko "gwajin ku na al'ada" a matsayin sakamakon gwajin. Wannan bai isa ba. Koyaushe nemi cikakken takardun gwajin gwajin likita, ciki har da gwajin maganin thyroid. Musamman ma gwajin jinin karoid, kana buƙatar sanin ainihin matakanka, kazalika da zangon mahimmanci, don yadawa don mafi kyau kulawa don yanayin lafiyar ka.
> Sources:
> Bahn, R., Burch, H, Cooper, D, et al. Hyperthyroidism da sauran dalilai na Thyrotoxicosis: Jagoran Gudanarwa na Amurka Yourroid Association da kuma American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Endocrine Practice. Vol 17 No. 3 Mayu / Yuni 2011.
> Braverman, L, Cooper D. Werner & Ingbar's Thyroid, 10th Edition. WLL / Wolters Kluwer; 2012.
> Garber, J, Cobin, R, Gharib, H, et. al. "Ayyukan Gudanar da Harkokin Gudanarwa na Hypothyroidism a cikin Manya: Cikin Shaɗin Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararruyar Amirka da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Amirka." Endocrine Practice. Vol 18 No. 6 Nuwamba / Disamba 2012.