Gano maganin cutar thyroid shine tsarin da zai iya hada da abubuwa masu yawa, ciki har da kimanin gwaji, gwaje-gwaje na jini, gwaje-gwaje na hoto, biopsies, da sauran gwaje-gwaje. A cikin wannan labarin, za ku kara koyo game da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na jini waɗanda ake amfani dasu a matsayin ɓangare na maganin maganin thyroid da ganewa , jiyya, da biyo baya da kuma gudanarwa.
TSH Test
Mafi gwajin gwajin da yafi dacewa shine gwajin jini wanda yayi daidai da adadin thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) a cikin jini.
Ana gwada gwajin a wasu lokuta gwajin gwajin maganin karotropin-stimulating.
TSH wanda aka daukaka, ko sama da al'ada, ana dauke da alamar hypothyroidism. TSH wanda aka "ƙuntata" ko a kasa na al'ada, an dauki alamun hyperthyroidism.
A halin yanzu, zangon tuntuɓa yana gudana daga kusan 0.5 zuwa 5.0. Matakan sama da 3.0 sune shaida na yiwuwar hypothyroidism, kuma matakan da ke ƙasa ƙasa su ne shaida na yiwuwar hyperthyroidism. Yi la'akari da cewa jigon maƙallin ya bambanta ga mata masu juna biyu .
Gano ƙarin game da gwajin TSH.
Free T4 / Free Thyroxine
Thyroxine, wani hormone wanda aka haifar da thyroid, an kuma san shi T4. Free T4 ƙaddamar da kyauta, ba tare da yaduwar matakan thyroxine ba a cikin jini. Free T4 yana yawanci karuwa a hyperthyroidism, da kuma saukar da hypothyroidism.
Matakan T4 ko marasa daidaituwa suna wakiltar matakin hormone wanda za'a iya samuwa da amfani da sassan. Sakamakon lalacewa yana wakiltar hormone wanda bazai samu ba samuwa a yanzu, saboda wasu kwayoyi, rashin lafiya, da canji na jiki kamar su ciki.
Saboda ƙananan kyauta na T4 suna wakiltar ainihin adadin hormone, T4 kyauta an yi zaton ya fi dacewa ya nuna halin hawan na marasa lafiya fiye da T4 (a kasa).
Total T4 / Total Thyroxine / Ciwon Thyroxine
Wannan gwaji ya gwada yawan adadin thyroxine a cikin jini. Kyakkyawan darajar iya nuna hyperthyroidism, ƙananan darajar iya nuna hypothyroidism.
Za a iya ɗaukaka matakan t4 na T4 saboda ciki, da kuma sauran jihohin estrogen, ciki har da yin amfani da sauyin isrogen ko kuma kwayoyin maganin haihuwa .
Free T3 / Free Triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine ne mai aiki na hormone thyroid , kuma an san shi kamar T3. Free T3 ya ƙaddamar da kyauta kyauta, ƙananan matakan triiodothyronine a cikin jini. Free T3 yana dauke da mafi daidai fiye da T3. Free T3 yana yawanci karuwa a hyperthyroidism, da kuma saukar da hypothyroidism.
Kwancen T3 / Duka Tambaya
Kwanan nan T3 an ɗauke shi sosai a cikin hyperthyroidism, kuma an saukar da shi a hypothyroidism.
T3 Sake Sake Gyara (T3RU) / T7
Lokacin da aka gwada gwajin jini tare da T3 da T4, ana gwajin gwajin T3 na T3 (T3RU) wani lokaci ana gwada shi azaman T7. Wannan gwaji ya kiyasta yawan adadin shafukan yanar gizo da ke tattare da shi a kan tasoshin sufuri. T3RU mai girma ya fi yawan gani da hyperthyroidism.
Thyroglobulin / Tg
Thyroglobulin (Tg) wani sunadarai ne ya haifar da thyroid. Matakan Tg suna da ƙananan ko ba tare da wankewa ba tare da al'ada thyroid aiki amma za a iya haɓaka a cikin thyroiditis, cutar cututtuka, ko ciwon maganin thyroid. Kulawa da matakan Tg ana amfani dasu don kimanta tasirin magani don ciwon ciwon thyroid da kuma saka idanu don ciwon ciwon daji na thyroid.
Gyara T3
Lokacin da jiki ke cikin damuwa, maimakon canza T4 a cikin T3 - nau'i mai nauyin nauyin hormone thyroid - jiki yana kare makamashi ta hanyar yin abin da ake kira Reverse T3 (RT3), wani nau'i na nau'i na T3 hormone. Darajar gwaje-gwajen RT3 a ganewar asali shine mai kawo rigima, kamar yadda wasu masu aikin sunyi imani cewa jiki yana cigaba da gina RT3 maimakon T3 mai aiki, wanda ya haifar da rashin gazawar asibiti a cikin T3 thyroid hormone.
Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Antibodies (TPOAb) / Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibodies
Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) antibodies, ana kuma da aka sani da Antithyroid Peroxidase Antibodies.
(A baya, an kira wadannan kwayoyin Antithyroid Microsomal Antibodies ko Antimicrosomal Antibodies).
Wadannan kwayoyin sunyi aiki da thyroid peroxidase, wani enzyme da ke taka rawar a cikin T4-to-T3 yi hira da tsari. Ƙungiyar TPO zai iya zama shaida akan lalacewar nama, irin su cutar Hashimoto, da kuma kasa da yawa, a wasu nau'o'in thyroiditis irin su post-partum thyroiditis.
An kiyasta cewa kwayoyin TPO suna iya ganowa a kimanin kashi 95 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da thyroiditis na Hashimoto, da kashi 50 zuwa 85 cikin marasa lafiya na Graves. Hanyoyin maganin marasa lafiya da aka samu a marasa lafiya da cutar Graves sun kasance mafi yawa daga marasa lafiya da cutar Hashimoto.
Thyroglobulin Antibodies / Antithyroglobulin Antibodies
Ana gwada gwaji don maganin da ake kira thyroglobulin antibodies (wanda ake kira antithyroglobulin antibodies) don gano magunguna na yanayin karoid. Idan an riga an bincikar ku da cututtukan Graves, da ciwon matakan da ke dauke da kwayoyin thyroglobulin yana nufin cewa zaku iya zama hypothyroid. Magunguna na Thyroglobulin sun kasance masu kyau a kimanin kashi 60 na marasa lafiya na Hashimoto da kashi 30 na marasa lafiya.
Thyroid-Yada Immunoglobulins (TSI) / TSH Yada Kwayoyin Antibodies (TSAb)
An gano magungunan masu karɓa na TSH (TRAb) a mafi yawan marasa lafiya da tarihin, ko wanda ke da halin yanzu, cutar cutar. Ana gwada gwaji don takamaiman nau'in TRAb da ke gudana ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da:
- Thyroid-Yada Immunoglobulins (TSI)
- TSH na yada kwayar cutar (TSAb)
Za a iya gano nauyin immunoglobulins na Thyroid-stimulating (TSI) a yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan Graves, kuma kimantawa sun samo su a cikin kashi 75 zuwa 90 bisa dari na marasa lafiya na Graves. Mafi girman matakan, mafi mahimmanci ana zaton ƙwaƙwalwar cutar ta kasance. (Rashin waɗannan kwayoyin cutar ba, amma, ba zai fitar da cutar cutar ba.)
Mafi yawancin, wasu mutane da cutar Hashimoto suna da wadannan kwayoyin cutar, kuma wannan na iya haifar da wani ɓangare na lokaci na hyperthyroidism.
Lokacin lura da TSI, matakan da aka haɓaka zai iya taimakawa wajen hango sake dawowa cutar cutar, kuma saukar da matakan TSI na iya nuna cewa cutar cututtuka yana aiki.
TSI lura yana da mahimmanci a lokacin daukar ciki, saboda matakan da aka hawanta, musamman a farkon ciki da kuma a lokacin uku na uku, suna da haɗari ga ƙwayar fetal ko nakasawar maganin thyroid. Iyaye na TSI na iya canzawa zuwa jaririn da ba a haifa ba a cikin mahaifa, da haifar da baby hyperthyroid a utero, ko a haihuwar. Bincike ya nuna cewa yawanci kashi 10 cikin dari na mata masu ciki da TSI da aka haifa suna ba da jarirai da hyperthyroidism.
Sources:
Braverman, MD, Lewis E., da Robert D. Utiger, MD. Werner da Ingbar ta Yourroid: Wani Mahimmanci da Kalmomi Text. 9th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2012.
Roti, Elio, et. al. "TSH Receptor Antibody Measure a cikin ganewa da kuma kula da cututtuka Graves yana da wuya," The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol. 83, No. 11 3781-3784 http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/83/11/3781
Spencer, Carol. "Yanayin Thyroid Hormones da Related abubuwa," Thyroid Manager . Fabrairu 6, 2004. http://www.thyroidmanager.org/chapter/assay-of-thyroid-hormones-and-related-substances/