Idan kana da alamun ko alamu na hyperthyroidism, yana da mahimmanci ka ɗauki cikakken kimantawa don haka zaka iya zama daidai kuma a bi da sauri, idan ya cancanta. Kwararka zai yi nazari na jiki sosai, sake nazarin tarihin lafiyarka, da kuma gwada gwaje-gwaje na jini (kamar TSH, T3, T4) don zuwa ganewar asali; gwajin hotunan, irin su thyroid duban dan tayi ko CT scan za a iya yin umurni.
Za'a iya sarrafa hyperthyroidism amma zai iya haifar da matsalolin idan ba a hana su ba, don haka samfurin farko ya kasance mafi kyau.
Binciken
Bayan nazarin bayyanar cututtuka da abubuwan haɗari don maganin thyroid, idan likitanka yana da tsinkayyar ganewa na hyperthyroidism, zai yi nazari mai zurfi da ke kula da thyroid, amma kuma wasu sassan jikinka.
Thyroid jarrabawa
A lokacin gwajin gwajin ka, likitanka zai taba (kunya) wuyanka, neman ciwon karo da nodules.
Zai kuma raira waƙa ga abin da aka sani da "abin rawar jiki," wanda ya kwatanta kara yawan jini a cikin maganin da ke ciki. Dole likitan ku kuma sauraron "saro" tare da sautin motsa jiki, wanda shine sauti na ƙara yawan jinin jini zuwa thyroid.
Kasancewar karoid da kuma / ko ruri yana da damuwa sosai game da cutar cututtuka .
Nazarin jiki
Baya ga jarrabawar thyroid, likitanku zai bincika sauran jikin ku don alamomin maganin thyroid.
Alal misali, zai jarraba hankalin ku, azaman azumi ko karba-karɓa na iya zama alamar hyperthyroidism. Zai kuma duba lafiyar zuciya, rhythm, da karfin jini. Wannan shi ne saboda lalacewar jiki , filastillation , da raunin zuciya, ko cutar hawan jini na iya nuna damuwa game da hyperthyroidism.
Sauran sassan binciken jiki sun hada da:
- Yin jarrabawar fata naka, tun da fata mai santsi da dumi, na iya zama alamar hyperthyroidism. Ƙananan mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan Graves kuma suna ci gaba da raguwa a kan shins ɗin su (tsohuwar maganin).
- Binciken janar yawa da ingancin gashinka, kamar thinning, lafiya, ko zubar da gashi na iya siffanta yanayin thyroid
- Binciken duk wani girgiza, shakiness a hannayensa, ko ƙungiyoyi na hyperkinetic kamar su cin abinci na tebur, ƙafafun ƙafafun, ko hawaye mai ɗawainiya (sau da yawa mafi tsanani a yara)
- Yin jarrabawar idanunku, kamar ja, bulging, bushe, kumbura, mai tausayi, da idanu na ruwa zai iya zama alamun matsalar matsalar thyroid. Bugu da ƙari, "murfi mai laushi" (lokacin da fatar ido na sama ba ya biyo baya a yayin da kake kallo) zai iya gani a hyperthyroidism.
Labs da gwaje-gwaje
Jiki na jini sun haɗa da gwajin gwajin maganin horroid (TSH) da thyroxine (T4) da kuma triiodothyronine (T3). Kwararka zai iya gwada gwajin maganin karoid don tabbatar da ganewar cutar cutar.
Yana da mahimmanci don duba sakamakon gwajin ku tare da likitanku. Kada ka ji tsoro ka tambayi tambayoyi. Wannan lafiyar ku, don haka yana da mahimmanci ku fahimci abin da ke faruwa.
Sakamakon TSH
Hanya na al'ada don jarrabawar TSH shine kimanin 0.5 zuwa 5.0 milli-kasa da kasa a kowace lita (mIU / L). Duk mutanen da ke da hyperthyroidism suna da ƙananan TSH; duk da haka, matakin TSH kadai ba zai iya ƙayyade matsayi na hyperthyroidism ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa likitanku zai duba matakan T4 da T3.
High Free T4 da T3 Sakamako
Wani ganewar asali na hyperthyroidism na farko ya dace da ƙananan TSH, da kuma t4 na T4 da / ko T3 na jini.
Kamar yadda keɓaɓɓe, idan TSH din na al'ada ne ko kuma girmanta, kuma T4 da T3 naka masu tayi ne, za ku buƙaci MRI na glandarku na gwargwadon jaka don kimantawa ga yanayin da ake kira tsakiyar ko TDR-induced hyperthyroidism.
High T3 da kuma al'ada Free T4 Sakamako
Idan TSH ya zama ƙasa kuma T3 yana da tsawo (amma T4 kyauta naka ne na al'ada), akwai yiwuwar cewa asalinka shine cutar Graves ko ƙwayar karoid wanda ke samar da hormone mai yawa. Wani gwaji na hoto, wanda ake kira yadin radioactive iodine scan scan, zai iya bambanta tsakanin waɗannan zane-zane biyu.
Samun da yawa T3 (wanda ake kira T3 ingogenous) shine wani yiwuwar.
Nada T3 da High Free T4 Sakamako
Idan TSH tana da ƙasa, T4 naka kyauta ne babba, amma T3 ɗinka na al'ada ne, ƙila za ku iya fuskantar hyperthyroidism daga karɓar T4 mai tsanani (levothyroxine). Wata ma'ana mai ganewa ita ce matsalar matsalar thyroid.
Har ila yau ana iya ganin wannan tasirin a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da hyperthyroidism wadanda ke da lokaci guda marasa cutar thyroidal (alal misali, kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani) wanda ke rage yawan fasalin T4 zuwa T3.
T4 na al'ada T4 da T3 Sakamako
Idan TSH ba shi da kyau, amma matakan T3 da T4 su na al'ada, ƙila za ka iya samun hyperthyroidism. Haka kuma za a iya gani a ciki.
Sakamakon Antibody
Yin gwajin jinin ku don maganin rigakafi, irin su thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin ko Tac receptor autoantibodies, yana da muhimmanci. Kyakkyawar gwaji ta tabbatar da ganewar cutar cutar, ko da yake wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar suna fama da gwaji. A wannan yanayin, gwajin gwajin gwagwarmayar rediyo (RAIU) zai iya tabbatar da ganewar asali.
Hoto
A lokuta da dama, ana yin gwaje-gwajen hotunan , irin su duban dan tayi, maida rediyo mai rikitarwa (RAI-U), CT scan, ko MRI don yin cikakken ganewa.
Binciken Hoto na Radio
A gwajin gwagwarmayar Idine (RAI-U), an yi amfani da ƙananan amincin iodine na radioactive 123 a kwaya ko siffar ruwa.
Da yawa daga baya bayanan, yawan nauyin iodine a tsarinka an auna, tare da X-ray. Kyakkyawan thyroid zai saukaka yawan sakamako na RAI-U (nauyin gwaninta mai yawan gaske yana ɗaukan nauyin iodine fiye da al'ada, kuma hakan yana iya gani a X-ray).
A cikin cututtukan Graves, RAI-U ne babba kuma zaka iya ganin cewa ana gudanar da shi a ko'ina cikin gland. Idan kai hyperthyroid ne saboda wani nau'in haɓaka mai cike da ƙwayar thyroid, wanda za'a iya gani a cikin wannan ƙwayar da ake ciki. Idan kana da thyroiditis a matsayin dalilin da ka overactive thyroid gland shine, da uptake za su kasance low a ko'ina cikin gland shine.
Duk da yake Idinin radioactive 123 ba cutarwa ba ne ga glandar thyroid, bai kamata a ba mata masu juna biyu ko masu shayarwa ba.
Thyroid Duban dan tayi
Hakanan dan tayi zai iya gano goiter, da kuma nodules wanda zai iya haifar da hyperthyroidism. A cikin mata masu ciki ko masu shayarwa, ana amfani da thyroid duban dan tayi a matsayin madadin wani mai yaduwar kwayar cutar Idine.
CT Scan
A CT scan, da aka sani da lissafin kwaikwayon lissafin ko scan cat, wani nau'i na musamman na X-ray wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen gano goiter, da kuma girma thyroid nodules.
Halin Hanya na Magnetic (MRI)
Kamar CT scan ko duban dan tayi, MRI ba zai iya gaya likita yadda thyroid yake aiki ba, amma zai iya taimakawa wajen gano goiter da thyroid nodules.
MRI wani lokaci shine mafi kyau ga CT scan saboda bazai buƙatar wani bambancin injection, wanda ke dauke da iodine kuma zai iya tsoma baki tare da nazarin kyamar rediyo.
Bincike daban-daban
Duk da yake bayyanar cututtuka na hyperthyroidism na iya zama kuskure saboda girman kai ko damuwa, suna iya kwatankwacin sauran yanayin likita.
Alal misali, asarar hasara marar kyau zai iya zama alamar rashin lafiyar jiki (alal misali, kamuwa da cuta, cututtukan marasa lafiya, ko ciwon daji). Hakanan zai iya zama alamar farko ta rashin lafiya na zuciya, kamar damuwa ko damuwa, musamman ma idan mutum yana fuskantar saurin yanayi, rashin tausayi, ko rashin tausayi - wata alama wadda ta fi kowa a cikin tsofaffi tare da hyperthyroidism.
Zuciyar azumi ko nauyin zuciya ba daidai ba ne na iya zama alamar farko na ainihin zuciya ko matsalar huhu ko na anemia.
Wadannan misalai ne kawai daga ƙarshen kankara, kamar yadda akwai yiwuwar yiwuwar yiwuwar yiwuwar yiwuwar ganowa. Labarin mai dadi shine likita zai iya tabbatarwa ko kuma rage rashin ganewar cutar ta hyperthyroid din da sauri kuma da sauri tare da tarihin likita, bincike na jiki, da kuma wasu gwaje-gwajen jini.
A ƙarshe, idan likitanku ya bincikar ku da hyperthyroidism, to sai ya so ya ƙayyade dalilin hanyar hyperthyroidism (alal misali, cututtukan Graves 'tare da thyroiditis). Ana iya rarraba wannan tare da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje da jini da gwajin hoto wanda ake kira yadin maida rediyo.
> Sources:
> Ƙungiyar Amirka Thyroid Association. (2018). Kuskuren Karancin Shawara.
> Braverman, L, Cooper D. Werner & Ingbar's Thyroid, 10th Edition. WLL / Wolters Kluwer; 2012.
> Kravets I. Hyperthyroidism: Bincike da Kulawa. Am Fam Likita. 2016 Mar 1; 93 (5): 363-70.
> Ross DS. (2017). Sanin ganowar hyperthyroidism. Cooper DS, ed. Na zamani. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Ross DS et al. Bayanin Amfani da Kungiyar Thyroid na Kungiyar Thyroid don Bincike da Gudanarwa na Hyperthyroidism da kuma sauran dalilan Thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid . 2016 Oktoba; 26 (10): 1343-1421.