Ƙara koyo game da yadda DNA ta lalacewa cikin jikin mu
Kwayar cuta ne duk wani abu ko wakili wanda ke haifar da ciwon daji. Yana yin haka ta hanyar canza musanya ta hanyar salula ko ta hanyar rarraba DNA a cikin jikinmu, ta tsangwama tare da tsarin tafiyar salula na al'ada. Gano abubuwa a cikin yanayin da ke haifar da mutane da ciwo tare da ciwon daji yana taimakawa wajen yin rigakafi.
Carcinogens na iya zama sunadaran kwayoyi, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko magunguna da kuma hanyoyin maganin radiation da ake amfani dasu don magance ciwon daji.
Yayinda kwayar cututtuka ko haɗuwa da carcinogens zai iya haifar da ciwon daji, mai yiwuwa ba kullum shine dalili ba tun lokacin da za'a iya samun ciwon daji.
Ta yaya Carcinogens ke haifar da Ciwon Cutar
Ayyukan carcinogenic zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban:
- Ta hanyar haɗakar DNA a cikin kwayoyin da ke haifar da maye gurbin (watsar da tsarin al'ada na sel)
- Ta hanyar ba ta shafi DNA ba kai tsaye, amma a maimakon haifar da sel don rarraba a sauri fiye da al'ada, wanda zai iya ƙara chances da canzawar DNA da maye gurbin zai faru.
DNA ta cell zai iya lalacewa ta hanyar abubuwa masu yawa da kuma tallace-tallace, ciki har da:
- Salon-abin da kuke ci, idan kuna shan taba, rashin aiki na jiki
- Hanyoyin sararin samaniya - ga haske na ultraviolet, radon gas, magunguna
- Magunguna-radiation da chemotherapy , hormones, immunosuppressants
- Ɗaukaka wurin aiki - wasu ayyuka sun karu da ficewa zuwa sunadaran masana'antu ko samfurori
- Hanyar gida-kayan tsaftace-tsaren, kayan shafa, herbicides, da magungunan kashe qwari, da dai sauransu.
- Rashin gurbacewar iska ko iska ko hayaki
Wasu carcinogens ba su haifar da ciwon daji ba amma zasu iya haifar da ciwon daji. Wasu carcinogens suna haifar da ciwon daji idan kana da dogon lokaci, babban matakan daukan hotuna. Yayin da jikinka ya yi tasiri a wannan matakin na daukan hotuna, tsawon, da kuma lokacin, girman tasirin, wanda ya haɗa tare da tsarin kayan jikinka zai ƙayyade hadarin bunkasa ciwon daji.
Classification na Carcinogens
Carcinogens suna da labarun Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon Bidiyo akan Ciwon Kankara (IARC). IARC wani ɓangare na Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) da manufarta ita ce ta ƙayyade abin da zai iya haifar da ciwon daji na abubuwa daban-daban da kuma rarraba carcinogens daidai.
Ana rarraba Carcinogens cikin ɗaya daga cikin kungiyoyi masu zuwa:
- Rukunin na 1: Carcinogenic ga mutane
- Rukunin na 2A: Mai yiwuwa cutar ga mutane.
- Rukunin na 2B: Mai yiwuwar cutar carcinogenic ga mutane.
- Rukuni na 3: Ba a iya ganewa ba game da cututtuka a cikin mutane
- Rukuni na 4: Mai yiwuwa ba casinogenic ga mutane
Abubuwan Da aka Kamata da Suke Kyau ga Mutane
Zai iya zama da wuya a jarraba da kuma rarraba abubuwa a matsayin carcinogenic ga 'yan adam kamar yadda bai dace ba don gwada idan wani abu zai iya haifar da ciwon ta hanyar yada mutane zuwa gare ta. Saboda haka masu bincike sun sami damar rarraba abubuwa fiye da 100 a matsayin '' carcinogenic 'ga mutane.'
Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da kasancewar cutar ga mutum sun haɗa da (akwai wasu karin):
- Abin sha
- Aluminum samarwa
- Arsenic da magungunan arsenic inorganic
- Asbestos (duk siffofin) da abubuwa ma'adinai (kamar talc ko vermiculite) wanda ya ƙunshi asbestos
- Benzene
- Cadmium da cadmium mahadi
- Coal, na cikin gida wanda aka cire daga konewar gida
- Rushewar injiniya, diesel
- Epstein-Barr cutar (kamuwa da cuta tare da)
- Estrogen postmenopausal far
- Formaldehyde
- Helicobacter pylori (kamuwa da cuta)
- Hepatitis B cutar (rashin lafiya da kamuwa da cuta tare da)
- Hepatitis C cutar (na kullum kamuwa da cuta tare da)
- Kwayar cututtukan kwayoyin halitta irin na 1 (HIV-1) (kamuwa da cuta)
- Kwayoyin cutar papillomavirus (HPV) (kamuwa da cuta tare da wasu nau'in)
- Yarda radiation (kowane iri)
- Iron da kafa kafa (samfurin aiki)
- Fata ƙura
- Ma'adinai na mai, ba tare da izini ba
- MOPP da sauran hada-hadar maganin chemotherapy ciki har da alkylating jamiái
- Nickel mahadi
- Cutar iska ta iska
- Paint (wurin aiki a matsayin mai zane)
- Dabar da aka sarrafa (amfani da)
- Radon
- Manufacturing masana'antu
- Shale mai
- Silica ƙura, crystalline, a cikin hanyar quartz ko cristobalite
- Hasken rana
- Taba, hayaki
- Smoking taba, secondhand
- Tafa shan taba
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation da ultraviolet-emitting tanning na'urorin
- Vinyl chloride
- Wood ƙura
- X- da Gamma-radiation
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka. Sananne da Mai yiwuwa Human Carcinogens .
Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya. Ciwon rigakafi .