Me yasa likitoci sun ci gaba da dogara ga Levodopa a cikin Jiyya na Ciwon Kwayoyi
Anyi la'akari da Levodopa matsayin misali na zinari na maye gurbin kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta Parkinson. An kafa maganin a cikin shekarun 1960 bayan James Parkinson a 1817 ya rubuta game da wata alama ce ta bayyanar cututtuka da cewa yau mun san cutar ta Parkinson. Bayan shekaru masu yawa, levodopa har yanzu shine mafi yawan maganin wannan rashin lafiya.
Yayin da baki ya buge, ana daukar levodopa cikin jini daga ƙananan hanji.
An canza shi zuwa dopamine ta hanyar enzymes a cikin kwakwalwa, wanda ke taimakawa maye gurbin wanda ke rasa yayin da ƙwayoyin sarrafa kwayoyin halittu suka mutu.
Ta yaya Levodopa Works
Levodopa kusan kusan kullun tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi (kamar suna Sinemet), wanda zai taimakawa yaduwar levodopa kuma yana hana magani daga rushewa a jini kafin ya kai kwakwalwa. Maimakon ƙananan allurai da ake buƙata, adadin carbidopa ya ba da damar levodopa a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Wannan yana rage tashin hankali da zubar da jini, sau da yawa rikitarwa masu tasiri. A Turai, an haɗa levodopa tare da wani fili mai suna benserazide tare da irin wannan sakamako a cikin Madopar miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Maganin sauya maye gurbin aiki yana da kyau a sarrafa iko da alamun motsa jiki kuma yana taimakawa inganta aikin yau da kullum na wadanda Parkinson ya shafa.
Duk da haka, yana iya haifar da babbar tasiri irin su dyskinesias (matsalolin haɗari masu haɗari), wanda zai iya rage adadin magani da za'a iya amfani dashi. Wannan yana haifar da mafi yawancin mutane da aka damu har zuwa yawan canjin dopamine wanda zasu iya jurewa. A wasu lokuta, illa mafi rinjaye sun fi muni bayyanar da ake bi da su.
Bugu da ƙari, ba ya magance alamun marasa lafiyar kwayoyin cutar Parkinson, wanda aka sani ya sa yawancin marasa lafiya a marasa lafiya.
Ƙidodi na Yankin Levodopa
Sakamakon sakamakon maye gurbin dopamine sun hada da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba, tashin hankali, zubar da jini, ƙananan jini , hasken wuta, da bushe baki. A wasu mutane yana iya haifar da rikicewa da hallucinations. A cikin dogon lokaci, amfani da maye gurbin dopamine zai iya haifar da dyskinesias da hawan motsi (watau lokacin "kashewa" lokacin da magani ba ya aiki da kyau).
Irin hanyoyin maganin ƙwayar cutar
Maganin maye gurbin kwayar halitta ya zo a cikin nau'o'in tsari da haɗuwa. Ƙarin shirye-shirye na yau da kullum kamar haka:
Levodopa / Carbidopa: Wannan haɗuwa ta zo ne a cikin wani nau'i na gajeren lokaci (Sinemet) da kuma mai tsayi (Sinemet CR) wanda kawai yana buƙatar sauke sau biyu. Levodopa / carbidopa kuma ya zo a cikin kwamfutar hannu mai ruɓaɓɓiya (Parcopa) wanda baya buƙatar ruwa ya ɗauka kuma yana taimakawa ga wadanda ke shawo kan matsaloli.
Levodopa / Carbidopa / Entacapone: Stalevo wani alama ne mai suna dogon shirye-shirye na maye gurbin dopamine wanda ya hada da levodopa da carbidopa yana da ƙarin maganin maganin magani, wanda ya kara ƙarfafa tasirin wannan tsari wanda zai ba tsawon lokaci.
A halin yanzu akwai a Kanada da Turai, levodopa / carbidopa gel (Duodopa) wani nau'i ne na maye gurbin kwayar magani wanda aka kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙananan hanji ta hanyar tube wanda aka saka. Ana amfani dashi mafi kyau ga wadanda ke da ciwon da ke cike da cutar wanda basu iya samun iko akan maganin alamun motsa jiki tare da wasu magungunan da suka dace. Ta amfani da tsarin famfo kamar kamuwa da insulin a cikin ciwon sukari, Duodopa zai iya ceton magani a cikin rana.
Maganar da ake cewa "tsoho shine zinari" hakika hakika gaskiya ne idan ya zo levodopa. Duk da ci gaban da aka samu a binciken binciken cutar ta Parkinson, babu wata sabuwar magani da ta nuna cewa yana da tasiri sosai kamar levodopa dangane da rage matsalar bayyanar cutar.
Duk da haka, farfadowa na lalacewa, musamman ma waɗanda suke dadewa suna haɗuwa da hawan motsi da dyskinesias, sun rage tasirinsa na ainihi azaman magani mai kyau.
Sources:
Cibiyar Nazari ta Cibiyar Nazari ta Parkinson da Cibiyar Nazarin. Magunguna na Cutar Parkinson . UCSF, 2014.
"Magungunan Magunguna." - Foundation Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF) . Parkinson's Disease Foundation, n