Macroglobulinemia na Waldenström, ko kuma WM, wani nau'in lymphoma ba na Hodgkin wanda ya hada da kwayoyin halitta masu rikici. Musamman, kwayoyin da ke cikin kwayar halitta suna da yawa daga cikin antibody da ake kira immunoglobulin M ko IgM, kuma "macroglobulinemia" yana nufin wannan wuce haddi. Ko da yake an dauke shi a lymphoma, yafi rinjayar ƙwayar kasusuwa.
WM yana faruwa ne kawai game da misalin shida da mutane miliyan, kuma yana jinkirta cigaba idan aka kwatanta da sauran mummunan mallaka, amma babu magani.
Mutanen da ke da mummunan matakin IgM a cikin jini suna da haɗari mai girma na 46 da suka bunkasa WM, kuma yawancin shekarun da aka gano a cikin tsakiyar 60s.
Harkokin Ciniki
Bisa ga bincike na baya-bayan nan, kashi 90 cikin dari na mutanen da ke da WM suna da wani maye gurbi a cikin wani nau'i mai suna MYD88. Wannan jinsin yana taimakawa magunguna don sigina juna don kasancewa cikin tsari mai kyau, kiyaye su da rai. Canji a cikin wannan rukuni na iya haifar da tantanin salula a kan sauyawa don ci gaba, a duk tsawon lokacin, watakila ƙyale sassan WM su bunkasa. Akwai fatan cewa sababbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali za su yi amfani da wannan binciken sosai.
Mafi yawan maye gurbi kamar yadda bincike na FISH ya gano ya kasance an sharewa, kuma yana faruwa akan chromosome 6. Wannan canji yana gani har zuwa 55% na mutane tare da WM. Mutane da yawa tare da WM suna da nauyin maye gurbin halittu.
Cutar cututtuka
Yawancin kashi 25 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya ba su da wata alamar bayyanar idan sun san suna da WM. Amma mafi yawan mutane suna da alamun bayyanar alamu da alamu a lokacin ganewar asali, wanda yafi yawa saboda tarawar kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji a cikin kututture na kasuwa ko kuma sunadaran sunadarai cikin jini.
Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka shine gajiya da rauni saboda anemia.
Sauran bayyanar cututtuka su ne zazzabi, bugu na dare, ƙaddarar ƙwayoyin lymph, kara girma da kuma hanta, matsalolin jijiya ko kuma jinin neuropathy, wani lokaci tare da rauni da ƙuntatawa ko tingling a hannayensu ko ƙafa. Mutanen da ke tare da WM zasu iya bayyana jin kamar suna fama da kamuwa da cuta wanda kawai ba zai tafi ba.
Alamar bayyanar WM ita ce hypervicity wadda ta haifar da gina jiki na Ig M cikin jini. Ciwo na hyperviscosity na iya nuna kamar gajiya, rashin jini, rashin ƙarfi, numfashi, rashin gani (hangen nesa), vertigo, ko canje-canje a yanayin hali (rikicewa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, disorientation).
Yaya aka bi WM?
Babu wani tsarin farfadowa na WM kuma kamar sauran ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko kuma "smoldering", marasa lafiya da basu da alamar cututtuka ana kiyaye su kawai. Jiyya ya dogara ne da dalilai daban-daban, dukansu - misali, shekaru, kiwon lafiya - da kuma cututtukan cututtuka - misali, yawan ci gaba, matakin IgM.
Wasu jiyya suna nufin kawar da bayyanar cututtuka da rikitarwa. Plasmapheresis yana kan wannan magani. Yayi kadan kamar dialysis-kun zama ƙugiya zuwa na'urar da za ta iya cire wasu daga cikin IgM daga jini don taimakawa rage karfin jini.
Wasu jami'ai suna so su ci gaba da kare kwayoyin halitta. Magunguna na yau da kullum sun haɗa da alkylating jamiái - misali chlorambucil da cyclophosphamide - analogs nucleoside - fludarabine da cladribine - wanda ake kira antic ritualimab na monoclonal da kuma mai shafar proteaseome bortezomib. Ana amfani da haɗin.
Abin takaici, har yanzu ba'a sami zaɓi wanda FDA ta Amurka ta amince da ita don kula da WM ba. A lokuta da yawa, marasa lafiya da WM suna ƙarfafawa suyi la'akari ko gwaji na asibiti zai zama hanya mafi kyau.
Battling On
Hanyoyin magani ga marasa lafiya tare da cutar sake koma baya sun hada da wani zagaye na farko na farfado, amfani da wani wakili na farko, ko samfurin chemotherapy mai tsayi wanda ya biyo baya da saitattun kwayoyin hematopoietic (HCT).
A cikin shekaru da suka gabata, an samu cigaba a cikin ilimin kimiyya game da yadda WM ke tasowa, kuma an nuna sababbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankula akan sassan WM.
Wasu daga cikin wadannan sababbin jami'ai suna inganta martani.
Ma'aikata na bincike sunyi bincike akan marasa lafiya tare da komawa WM sun hada da:
- Everolimus
- Perifosine
- Alemtuzumab
- Imatinib mesylate
- Panobinostat
- Ixazomib
- Oprozomib
- Obinutuzumab
- Bic-2 antisense (oblimersen, Genasense)
- Ibrutinib *
- Sildenafil
* A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2014, Janssen ya sanar da samarda wani sabon aikace-aikacen New Drug don ci gaba da amfani da shi zuwa Cibiyar Abinci da Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Amurka (FDA), yana neman yarda don magance WM.
Menene Yaya Zai Yi a Hanya?
Ƙarin fahimtar ilimin halitta na cutar shine ana sa ran kaddamar da cigaba.
- Kullum nazarin nazarin kwayoyin halitta zai iya taimakawa wajen gano ƙayyadaddun tsari a cikin rukuni na marasa lafiya da WM.
- Bincike a kan ƙaddamarwar jigilarwa a cikin WM zai iya taimaka wa masana kimiyya su koyi da kuma yadda za a samu nasarar wasu canje-canje.
- A ƙarshe, yanayin launi na kasuwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da kwayoyin tumoro suyi girma da kuma ci gaba, kuma masana kimiyya abin da zasu san yadda za a kashe wannan goyon baya.
- Immunotherapy ta yin amfani da ƙwayoyin T waɗanda aka sake tsarawa ko kuma sunyi amfani da su don kai farmaki ga kwayoyin cutar kanjamau sun nuna alkawuran yin maganin wasu ciwon jini.
Matakai na gaba
Don ƙarin bayani game da WM, kuma la'akari da shafuka masu zuwa:
Shirin Ƙungiyar Macroglobulinemia Foundation International na Waldenström
http://www.iwmf.com
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adult-non-hodgkins/Patient
> Sources:
> Leblebjian > H, Agarwal A, Ghobrial I. Yanayin wallafe-wallafen Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Clinic Lymphoma, Myeloma & cutar sankarar bargo. 2013; 13 Suppl 2 >: S310-316 >.
> Sauyawa MYD88 L265P a Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.http: //www.bloodjournal.org/content/121/22/4504? Sso-checked = Gaskiya.
> Crowther-Swanepoel D, et al. Bambance-bambancen da aka saba da ita a 2q37.3, 8q24.21, 15q21.3 da 16q24.1 rinjayar haɗarin cutar sankarar bargo a cikin lymphocytic. Yanayin jinsin halitta . 2010; 42 (2): 132-6.
> Fonseca R, Hayman S. Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Jaridar British Journal of Hematology. Satumba 2007; 138 (6): 700-720.
> IMBRUVICA ® (ibrutinib) Ƙarin Sabbin Magunguna Na Aikace-aikacen da aka Aika zuwa FDA na Amurka don Macroglobulinemia na Waldenstrom. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/imbruvica-ibrutinib-supplemental-new-drug-application-submitted-to-the-us-fda-for-waldenstroms-macroglobulinemia-681133482.html. Ac
> Cibiyar Ciwon Ƙwayar Yammacin Amirka. Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia.