Daya daga cikin maganganun da yafi dacewa, ko wani yana da hepatitis ko a'a, rashin lafiyar kwayar cutar ne. Wani tsari mai narkewa da aka ƙwaƙwalwa yana saukowa sau da yawa saboda ragowar enzymes, wanda, lokacin da wani yana da yanayin da ba a so, zai rage karfin da zai iya ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda za a yi amfani da su na jiki duka.
Wannan duka yana haifar da matsananciyar jiki, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka irin su hepatitis. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya na hepatitis don yin la'akari da kiyaye tsari mai narkewa da lafiya, da kuma fahimtar halayen lafiyar kwayoyi.
Tun da yake daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi banƙyama na rashin nasarar tsarin lalacewa shine maye gurbin haɓakar enzymatic, yana da mahimmanci don sanin amfanar ciwon yanayin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin tsarin narkewa. Kwayar GI mai lafiya tana amfani da enzymes don rage kayan abinci da aka hade da kuma samar da abinci mai saukin saukewa cikin jini. Tsarin kwayar halitta, wanda hanta ke da wani ɓangare na, yana da kwayoyin da ke da muhimmanci don motsa jiki mai kwakwalwa, shayarwa da kuma samar da bitamin a cikin gabobin.
Duniya na Enzymes
Pepsin yana daya daga cikin mahimman ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi da ake buƙata don ƙwayar narkewa. Pepsin yana taimakawa karya da sunadaran kuma juya shi zuwa peptides a cikin ciki.
Trypsin, a gefe guda, shi ne enzyme wanda aka rufe ta hanyar pancreas zuwa cikin duodenum wanda ya juyawa peptides zuwa amino acid. Ayyuka na trypsin suna haifar da aikin chymotrypsin, wanda kuma ya rushe sunadarai. Wani rukuni na enzyme ɓoye ta pancreas ya danganci proteases - enzymes da ke canza sunadarin sunada cikin abinci zuwa amino acid.
Harshen da girasar ta haifar ta haifar da wani enzyme da ake kira amylase, wanda kuma yake a cikin pancreas; yana canza carbohydrates a cikin sauye-sauye masu sauƙi da zarar an lubricate gas din a cikin bakin. Lipase wani enzyme ne da yake rufe shi ta hanyar salwa da pancreas. Gyaran launi na taimakawa wajen warware lakabi ko fats a cikin kayan aiki. Bugu da ƙari, lactose ko madara sukari yana rabuwa da lactase - wani enzyme wanda aka rufe daga ƙuƙwalwar ƙananan hanji.
Cellulase, wadda aka samar da kwayoyin kirki da ke zaune a cikin guttu ko tasirin abincin yana taimakawa wajen narkewar cellulose da sauran kayan gina jiki wanda aka samo mafi yawa daga abinci mai gina jiki. Enzymes da sauran kwayoyi masu narkewa suna da mahimmanci ga juyawa kwayoyin abinci a cikin abubuwan gina jiki. Kwayoyin "Good", wanda aka fi sani da GI flora ko probiotics da ke zaune a cikin hanji, sune siffofin micro-organisms wadanda ke ƙaruwa da hankalin hanji don kawar da kwayoyin cuta ko kwayoyin cuta da kuma kaddamar da tsarin rigakafi. Magunguna suna da yawa a cikin wasu kayan abinci. Wasu daga cikinsu sune albarkatun madara mai yalwa kamar su yogurt, cuku da buttermilk, kayan lambu da wake, soya sauce, da kuma miso wadanda dukkansu suna sayarwa.
Ko da magungunan gargajiya na yau da kullum suna da probiotics.
Duk da haka, babu wata hanya ta kawar da dukan kwayoyin mummunan cikin jiki kuma kawai barin dukkan kwayoyin kwayoyin da take ciki. Duk da haka, akwai dabarun da za su gwada lafiyar hanyar GI don magance rashin lafiyar da cutar kutsawa ta ji da kuma ƙara yawan rigakafin jiki. Masanan sunyi aiki ne don daidaita kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta don shawo kan mummunar ƙwayar kwayoyin cutar maras tabbas waɗanda zasu iya samuwa daga abinci mara kyau. Ainihin, masana kwayoyin suna warware macijin da ke cikin tsarin narkewa kuma suna riƙe da GI daga sasantawa kyauta da aka sani don daskare yadda tsarin tsarin narkewa ya dace.
A Gaze a cikin Hiki
Hanyar hanta yana jin dadin zama kamar jiki mafi girma cikin jiki. Fata shi ne mafi girma kwayar, amma wannan na waje. Hanta yana da matakai daban-daban kuma yana da muhimmin sashi na jiki. Har ila yau, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin metabolism da tsarin narkewa. Hanyoyin hanta na glycogen - wani nau'in glucose mai tsawo wanda aka haɓaka da yawa wanda ke aiki a matsayin babban tushen asalin makamashi na biyu. Hanta kuma yana fitar da kayan abinci a cikin jiki. Yana ba da mummunan rawaya, mai launin launin ruwan kasa ko launin rawaya zuwa ruwan da ake kira bile. Ana biye da bile zuwa ƙananan hanji, musamman ga duodenum, wanda ke taimakawa wajen narkewa da kuma maye gurbin lipids, ciki har da fats.
An saka bile a cikin gallbladder, wanda yake shi ne kwayar fata mai fata wanda ke haifar da hanta daga hanta, bayan an cire shi daga hanta, kuma an kai shi zuwa ƙananan hanji. Hanyoyin motsa jiki na bile daga gallbladder zuwa ƙananan hanji yana haifar da lokacin da ake samun abinci maras kyau a cikin tsarin da bazawa. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar ganybladder na sake amfani da ƙwayar bile din da zai iya sake amfani dashi don narkewar sauran kayan abinci. Hakanan, pancreas, a gefe guda, yana da alhakin samar da ruwa mai gina jiki wanda ya ƙunshi nau'in enzymes daban-daban da ake nema don narkewa: trypsin don watsewar sunadarai, amylase don starches, da lipase don sauko da ƙwayoyin. Wadannan enzymes suna wucewa ta hanyar taimakawa ƙananan hanji don kara ci gaba da cin abinci kamar yadda yake zuwa babban hanji.
Sources:
Kararli TT. Kwatanta na Gastrointestinal Anatomy, Physiology, da Biochemistry na Mutane da kuma Dabbobin Laboratory da aka Yi amfani da Shi. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1995 Yuli; 16 (5): 351-80.
Ménard D. Ƙarƙashin Ayyuka na Gastrointestinal Tract: Hormone- da Growth Factor-Mediated Regulatory Manufactures. Can J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jan, 18 (1): 39-44.