Ta Yaya Amfani da Yin Yin Gwaninta a Hanyar Yin Amfani da Neman Dementia?
Gwajin Taya (TMT) wani kayan aiki ne wanda ake amfani da shi a wasu lokuta don yin allon don lalata ta hanyar nazarin cognition-ikon iya tunani, dalili, da tunawa. TMT yana da ɓangarori biyu waɗanda aka kira su Sashin Jiki na Aiki da Aikin Kwalejin Yin Sanya B. TMT shine gwajin lokaci kuma manufar shine kammala cikakkun gwaje-gwajen daidai da sauri.
Sashe na Test
Sashe na A
TMT Sashe na A kunshi nau'i 25 a kan takarda tare da lambobi 1-25 da aka rubuta bazu a cikin layi. Ayyukan gwajin gwajin shine farawa tare da lambar ɗaya kuma zana layi daga wannan da'irar zuwa la'irar tare da lamba biyu a ciki zuwa gawar tare da uku a ciki, da dai sauransu. Mutumin ya ci gaba da haɗa mahallin a cikin tsari na lamba har sai sun isa lambar 25.
Sashe na B
TMT Sashi na B yana da nau'i 24 a kan takarda, amma maimakon dukkanin layi da lambobi, rabi na da'irori suna da lambobi 1-12 a cikinsu kuma rabin rabi (12) sun ƙunshi haruffa AL. Mutumin da ke gwajin yana da wahala mafi wuya na zana layi daga kowane sashi zuwa na gaba a cikin tsari mai girma; Duk da haka, dole ne ya canza madaurori tare da lambobi a cikinsu (1-13) tare da da'irori tare da haruffa a cikinsu (AL). A wasu kalmomi, dole ne ya haɗa nau'i domin haka: 1-A-2-B-3-C-4-D-5-E da sauransu.
Gwajin gwaji
Don gudanar da wannan gwaji, ba da takaddama a takarda da takaddun da ke ciki, ya bayyana hukunce-hukuncen kuma ya nuna a samfurin shafi na yadda za a kammala Sashe na A. To, gaya wa mutumin ya fara gwaji da kuma lokacin da su. Maimaita umarnin don Sashe na B, kuma sake nunawa a shafin samfurin yadda za a kammala cikakken sashi na B.
Idan mutum bai iya kammala gwajin ba bayan minti biyar, zaka iya dakatar da gwaji.
Kuskuren Taker Test
A lokacin da ake gudanar da gwajin TMT, idan an yi kuskure, dole ne mai gudanarwa ya gaya wa mutumin nan da nan kuma ya motsa fensir a cikin zagaye na karshe.
Buga k'wallaye
An gwada gwajin Hanya na tsawon lokacin da yake buƙatar kammala gwajin. Idan mutum yayi kuskuren gwajin, babu wani canji a sakamakon da ya fi haka ya sa ƙarshen lokaci ya fi tsawo tun lokacin da mutum ya koma koma baya, don haka ya kara lokaci.
Scores masu karɓa
Bisa ga bayanin TMT don gudanar da mulki, ƙananan magunguna ga TMT Sashe na A yana da huxu 29 da ragowar raguwa fiye da 78 seconds.
Ga TMT Sashe na B, ƙananan digiri ya zama na 75 da rabi kuma ragowar raguwa ya fi 273 seconds.
An gano sakamakon TMT da za a rinjaye shi ta hanyar tsufa; a matsayin mutane, suna buƙatar lokaci mai tsawo don kammala TMT. Shekaru nawa na ilimi wanda ya sami dan kadan ya sami sakamako.
Amfani da dubawa
TMT yana da hankali, ƙarfin gani da sarrafawa, kuma yana da kyakkyawan ma'auni na aiki mai zurfi.
Sashe na A shine ma'auni mai kyau na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙira. Sashe na B yana da mahimmancin kula da aikin gudanarwa tun lokacin gwajin yana buƙatar damar iyawa don kammala shi. An kuma nuna TMT B na B a matsayin kayan aiki masu amfani don kimantawa idan mai ƙauna da lalata yana iya samun kwaskwarima saboda yana buƙatar ikon gani , aikin motsa jiki da ƙwarewa.
Yin gwaje-gwaje na tafarki
Za a iya gudanar da gwaje-gwajen Trail a fili. Maimakon ba wa mutumin wani takarda da alkalami, zaka iya tambayar mutum ya ƙidaya daga 1 zuwa 25 (Sashe na A). Don Sashe na B, ana buƙatar mutum ya karanta lambobi da haruffan, yana maimaita tsakanin lambobi da haruffa kamar wannan: 1-A-2-B-3-C da dai sauransu.
Hoto na TMT na iya zama kayan aiki mai sauri don tantance ƙwaƙwalwar lokacin da mutumin bai iya yin gwajin da aka rubuta ba ko a cikin yanayi kamar asibiti inda rashin lafiya da damuwa zasu iya rinjayar sakamakon da aka rubuta.
Sharuɗɗa da Fursunoni
Gwani
Yana da kyauta don amfani, yayin da sauran gwaje-gwaje na buƙatar kuɗin kuɗi a duk lokacin da aka gudanar da su.
A takaice dai, kai kimanin minti biyar don gudanar da aikin.
Sashe na B an nuna shi mai kyau ne na aikin gudanarwa. Gwaje-gwajen da kawai ƙaddara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ko ƙwarewar maganganu na iya kusantar aikin gudanarwa marar lalacewa kuma saboda haka baza gano wasu lahani ba.
Cons
Yawan tsofaffi kullum yana rinjayar yin aiki, ko da ma babu rashin lahani, amma ba a la'akari da hakan a cikin kullun.
Wasu bincike sun gano cewa TMT zai ware yawan adadin direbobi masu kyau idan an dogara dasu kawai don kimanta ikon yin tuki, yayin da wasu binciken suka gano cewa an rasa sauran lalacewar da za su haddasa direba ko wadanda ke kewaye da shi.
Kalma daga
Hanya na gwaji A da B na iya zama kayan aiki masu amfani don tantancewa na cognition. Kamar yadda yake tare da wani gwaji na zuciya, yana da mahimmanci ka tuna cewa TMT shine gwajin gwaje-gwajen kuma kada a yi amfani da shi a kowane lokaci don kadaici don gano lalata.
Sources:
Cibiyar Nazarin Neuropsychology ta Clinical. 19 (2004) 203-214. Yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje A da kuma B: Tsarin haruffan bayanai ta hanyar shekaru da ilimi. www.usz.ch/non_cms/neurologie/HealthPro/Davos/normen_tmt.pdf
Ilimin kimiyya da ƙwarewa. Tabbatarwa na Clinical na Testing Trail Making Test. http://journals.lww.com/cogbehavneurol/Abstract/1996/01000/Clinical_Validation_of_the_Oral_Trail_Making_Test.7.aspx
Ƙungiyar Harkokin Tsaro ta Kasuwanci ta kasa. Jagorar likita don Tattaunawa da Jagoran Tsohon Kasuwanci. http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/olddrive/OlderDriversBook/pages/Chapter3.html
> Papandonatos G, Ott B, Davis J, Barco P, Carr D. Abinda ke amfani da shi na gwajin tafiya a matsayin mai hangen nesa game da motsa jiki a cikin tsofaffi. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2015; 63 (11): 2358-64. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26503623.
Jihar Alaska. Ma'aikatar Gudanarwa. >> Sakamakon gwaje-gwaje (TMT) A & B. http://doa.alaska.gov/dmv/akol/pdfs/uiowa_trailmaking.pdf .