Rheumatoid arthritis , wani cutar wanda ke shafar kimanin miliyan 1.3 zuwa miliyan 1.5, shine sakamakon kwayoyin jikokin jikin da ke jikinta na kaiwa ga guringuntsi da kwakwalwa. Mene ne ainihin abin da ke faruwa a cikin tsarin rigakafi na mutum wanda ke dauke da cututtuka na rheumatoid don ya haifar da ciwo da halakar da ke tattare da cutar?
Nazarin da Dokta Julia Ying Wang ya yi na Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka na Brigham da Mata a Boston da Harvard Medical School, tare da takwaransa Dr. Michael H.
Roehrl na Harvard, an gabatar da shi a taron shekara-shekara na Amurka Chemical Society a watan Agustan 2002 kuma an buga shi a PNAS, ta magance wannan tambaya.
Kafin aikin Wang da Roehrl, bincike na arthritis na rheumatoid ya fi mayar da hankali ga peptides, ko kuma gurasar furotin. Wang da Roehrl sun nuna cewa glycosaminoglycans, ko GAG, sune abin da ke haifar da maganin arthritis maimakon sunadaran.
Shaidar GAG
Glycosaminoglycans sune carbohydrates na al'ada da ke faruwa a cikin jiki a cikin guringuntsi , kayan haɗin kai , haɗin gwiwa, da fata. Glycosaminoglycans sunadaran carbohydrates. Wadannan carbohydrates ba su shawo kan su, da kayan da za su ci, da sugars da muke ci a cikin abincin mu.
A gaskiya dai, ka'idar Wang ta ba da shawarar cewa kwayoyin halittar jiki, ko kwayoyin cutar, sunyi amfani da glycosaminoglycans. Ƙungiyar ta ɗaure GAG, tara a cikin gado, da kuma haifar da ciwo da kuma kumburi da ke hade da cutar arthritis.
Binciken
A cikin binciken Wang da Roehrl, an kwantar da ƙudaje tare da GAG.
Ƙananan ƙwayoyin sun haifar da cututtuka na rheumatoid na kullum-kamar bayyanar cututtuka, ciki har da ƙonewa, busawa, da kuma yatsun nama.
An gano kwayoyin cutar Glycosaminoglycan a cikin kwayar cutar marasa lafiya na rheumatoid. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka gano kwayoyin glycosaminoglycan a cikin dabbobi ko mutane.
Masu bincike sunyi bayanin cewa:
- Kwayoyin GAG za su iya ci gaba saboda sakamakon kamuwa da cutar kwayan cuta.
- Matakan GAG na iya haifar da lokacin da kwayoyin ke haifar da enzymes wanda ya rushe kayan haɗi da saki carbohydrates.
- Yawancin kwayoyin cutar suna da GAG akan tantanin su. A cikin cututtuka na rheumatoid, ƙwayoyin rigakafi na iya kuskuren samarda GAG a cikin al'amuran jikin su kamar yadda za su ci gaba da GAG akan farfajiyar kwayar cuta.
Masu bincike sunyi fatan cewa mafi yawan binciken zai nuna hanyar da za a ɗaure magungunan GAG, wanda ke haifar da sababbin jiyya ko magunguna don maganin wariyar launin fata. Wani binciken da aka buga a 2008, a Arthritis Research & Far , ya bayyana game da GAGS:
- Abubuwan da ke cikin GAG ba su kasance ba a cikin ƙananan yara (jarirai).
- GAG suna da yawa a cikin magani na manya.
- GAGs an rarraba su kamar antigens TI2. Kwayoyin B1 B an san su suna aiki tare da antigens TI2.
An kuma bayyana cewa anti-GAG bindigogi sune rayayyun kwayoyin halitta da aka samu a cikin mutane masu lafiya. An gano gwagwarmayar IgM anti-GAG da wasu kwayoyin cutar IgG-anti-GAG da aka gwada su da yawa a cikin jerin marasa lafiya da cututtukan da ke dauke da cutar arthritis. Duk da yake anti-GAG sun kasance a cikin tsarin jiki na yau da kullum, ruwan haɗin gwaninta kuma sun kasance masu iya ɗaukar nauyin ƙwayoyin kayan aikin mai.
Masu bincike sunyi tsammanin cewa samar da kwayar cutar anti-GAG shine "ƙaddamarwa" a cikin cututtukan arthritis mai yiwuwa wanda ya danganci sakin kwayoyin tiyata. Abin sha'awa shine, matakan GAG da suka fi girma suna haɗuwa da rashin cututtukan cututtuka a cututtuka na rheumatoid arthritis. Masu bincike sun tabbatar da cewa GAG na iya kasancewa mai amfani da cutar cututtuka na farko don cutar arthritis.
Sources:
Glycosaminoglycans Akwai Dalili Mai Kyau na Ritumatoid Arthritis. Ayyukan Cibiyar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Amirka ta {asar Amirka. Wang JY da Roehrl MH. Oktoba 21, 2002.
Magungunan Halitta na Halitta Suna Ganawa tare da Glycosaminoglycans a Rheumatoid Arthritis. Bence Gyorgy et al. Arthritis Research & Far. 2008.