A hypothyroidism, glandon thyroid ba zai samar da isasshen thyro hormone thyroxine (wanda ake kira T4) ba. Saboda T4 yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci a tsarin gyaran jikin mutum, aikin narkewa, aiki na tsoka, da aikin zuciya , hypothyroidism yana da matsala mai tsanani.
A thyroid gland shine gland kanta kanta ne kayyade da hormone TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone).
Idan nauyin gwiwar thyroid ba ta samar da isasshen T4 ba, ƙimar TSH ta karu don ƙarfafa karoid don yin aiki mai wuya. A cikin hypothyroidism-wanda da thyroid kawai ba zai iya yin isa T4-da matakan TSH kusan kusan girman girman.
Tsarin hypothyroidism mai rikitarwa shine yanayin da matakan T4 ke kasancewa a cikin al'ada (wato, gaskiyar hypothyroidism ba a samuwa ba), amma matakan TSH suna ɗaukaka: ana buƙatar matakan TSH masu girma don kula da matakin T4 na al'ada. Don haka subclinical hypothyroidism yana nuna cewa thyroid gland shine kanta ba kanta aiki gaba ɗaya kullum. Ba kawai ta hanyar "whipping" thyroid (tare da matakan TSH masu girma) cewa za'a iya kiyaye matakai T4 masu dacewa.
Akwai rikice-rikice a yau game da muhimmancin muhimmancin hypothyroidism. Saboda matakan T4 sun kasance a al'ada a cikin wannan yanayin, a ka'idar, jigilar hypothyroidism ba zata zama matsala ba.
Amma shaidun shaida suna nuna cewa hypothyroidism na haifar da matsaloli na asibiti a kalla wani lokacin-kuma haka, akalla a wasu lokuta, ya kamata a bi da shi.
Wataƙila babban damuwa da damuwar hypothyroidism ita ce ta iya rinjayar zuciya.
Ta yaya ake bincikar cututtuka na Hypothyroidism
An gano wannan yanayin tare da gwaje-gwajen jini, musamman, ta hanyar auna matakai T4 da matakan TSH.
Hawan hypothyroidism na yau da kullum yana samuwa idan matakan T4 suna cikin kewayon al'ada (0.8 zuwa 1.8 ng / L), kuma matakan TSH suna sama da al'ada (0.3 zuwa 3.04 mU / L). Duk da haka, yawancin masana sunyi la'akari da hypothyroidism na tsakiya don zama "mahimmanci" kawai lokacin da matakan TSH suke ɗaukaka: sama da 10 mU / L.
Dalilin
An yi imanin cewa hypothyroidism na yaudara ne kawai wani nau'i mai sauƙi, ko kuma samfurin farko, na rashin lafiya wanda ke haifar da hypothyroidism-mafi yawanci autoimmune thyroiditis ( Hashimoto ta thyroiditis ). Lalle ne, a tsawon lokaci, yawancin mutane da raunin hypothyroidism za su ci gaba da bunkasa hypothyroidism, tare da ƙananan matakan T4 da dukan alamun da ke tafiya tare da shi . Saboda haka, daya dalili wasu likitoci sunyi amfani da hypothyroidism mai tsauri ne don hana ci gaba da cigaba da yanayin da ya fi tsanani ga hypothyroidism.
Abun Hama Kwayoyin Da Suka Yi?
Yayinda wannan yanayin ya nuna cewa ba ya haifar da alamar cututtuka a mafi yawan mutane, wasu za su yarda da bayyanar cututtukan da ke nuna damuwa game da hypothyroidism, irin su ƙarfin zuciya, gajiya, ko wadataccen abu mara kyau. Haka kuma an nuna cewa mutane da kewaya da hypothyroidism na iya zama mafi girma da tasiri na babban damuwa, damuwa, ko rashin lafiya.
Yadda Yayi shafi Zuciya
Baya ga hadarin da ke haifar da hypothyroidism na yau da kullum, shugaban ya damu da hypothyroidism mai zurfi shine cewa an hade shi tare da ƙara yawan cutar da jijiyoyin zuciya.
Yawancin nazarin sun nuna kungiya tsakanin matakan TSH masu girma (fiye da 10 mU / L) da kuma ci gaba da cututtukan cututtuka na zuciya (CAD) . A cikin binciken da aka yi ta maganin bincike da yawa wanda ya haɗa da marasa lafiya 25,000, haɗin hypothyroidism na haɗuwa da haɓakar ƙwayar zuciya, alama CAD, da kuma cututtukan zuciya. Wani bincike mai mahimmanci ya gano wani ƙari mai yawa na rashin ciwo zuciya a cikin marasa lafiya da hypothyroidism.
Kuma da yawa nazarin sun haɗa da hypothyroidism subclinical tare da ƙara yawan cholesterol matakan.
Duk da yake ƙungiyar ba ta tabbatar da dalilin da ya faru ba, yana da kyau cewa yawancin hypothyroidism yana haifar da cututtukan zuciya. Wannan hujja tana ba da tabbaci ga ra'ayin cewa tsaka-tsakin hypothyroidism na iya rinjayar zuciya. Ƙara yawan cututtuka na zuciya da aka gani tare da hypothyroidism na yaudara ne ainihin yanayin da ya fi damuwa da wannan yanayin.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da Hypothyroidism ta Tsakanin?
Za a iya magance hypothyroidism ta hanyar bada magani na maye gurbin thyroid. Jiyya yana shiryarwa ta hanyar kula da hankali ga matakan jini na TSH; Yawan iskar hormone na thyroid ya ba su don rage matakan TSH a cikin al'ada.
Akwai shaidun iyaka ne kawai daga nazarin binciken asibiti cewa yin maganin hypothyroidism na inganta ingantacciyar alama. A cikin binciken da ya nuna cewa yana rage yawan alamun bayyanar, amfanin amfanin na iya ƙayyadewa ga marasa lafiya wadanda matakan farko na TSH suna da girman (wato, fiye da 10 mU / L).
Hakazalika, shaidar cewa yin maganin cututtukan hypothyroidism na rage yawan cutar cututtukan zuciya yana iyakancewa. A cikin wani binciken da aka gudanar a Birtaniya, tsakanin marasa lafiya (marasa shekaru 70) da cututtukan hypothyroidism, haɗarin cututtukan zuciya na gaba ya kasance da muhimmanci ƙwarai a cikin marasa lafiya da suka sami maganin hormone thyroid. Babu wani magani da aka samu a tsofaffin marasa lafiya tare da subplinical hypothyroidism.
Bugu da ari, yin maganin hypothyroidism mai zurfi yana inganta sauƙin ƙwayoyin cuta na zuciya, ciki har da matakan cholesterol, matakan CRP , da kuma aikin kwaskwarima.
Layin Ƙasa
Yawancin masana sun bayar da shawarar magance hypothyroidism a matsayin matakan TSH fiye da 10 mU / L, ko bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance.
Ko dai dai ya kamata a bi da hypothyroidism mai tsaka-tsaka a lokacin da matakan TSH ba su kasa da 10 mU / L ba har sai sun kasance hujja. Yawancin likitoci sun bada shawarar maganin cutar ko da a cikin wannan ƙananan ƙananan idan marasa lafiya suna da alamun cututtuka da suke nuna damuwa game da hypothyroidism, ko kuma idan sun taso da ƙwayoyin cholesterol ko wasu abubuwan haɗari ga cututtukan zuciya.
Ya kamata a jarraba ku?
A cikin tsohuwar kwanakin (shekaru goma ko biyu da suka wuce), gwajin aikin gwajin ka kasance wani ɓangare na nazari na likita. Amma a cikin amfani da tsabar kudi, ba sau da yawa.
Yana da kyau a tambayi likita don samun gwaje-gwajen jinin karoid idan kana da bayyanar cututtuka da ke nuna damuwa da hypothyroidism (duba sama), idan kana da girman hawan cholesterol, ko kuma idan kana so ka tabbata kana yin duk abin da zaka iya don rage yawan ƙwayar zuciyarka. .
Sources:
Rodondi N, den Elzen WP, Bauer DC, et al. Tsarin hypothyroidism da kuma hadarin cututtukan zuciya da na mace-mace. JAMA 2010; 304: 1365.
Gencer B, Collet TH, Virgini V, et al. Cutar da ciwon kawancin ka da kuma hadarin rashin ciwowar zuciya: wani bayanan mai shiga tsakani daga mahimmanci na 6 mai yiwuwa. Yanayin 2012; 126: 1040.
Razvi S, Weaver JU, Butler TJ, Pearce SH. Maganin Lemothyroxine na Hypothyroidism, M da Nonfatal Kwayoyin Tsarin Hoto, da Mutuwa. Arch Intern Med 2012.