Cutar Neurodegenerative
MELAS ciwo (mopodrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, da kuma bugun jini) wani ci gaba neurodegenerative cuta haifar da maye gurbi a cikin DNA mitochondrial. Mitochondria shine tsarin cikin jikinmu wanda ke da alhakin samar da makamashin da sel ke buƙatar yin aikin. Mitochondria na da DNA na nasu, wadda ke da mamaye daga mahaifiyarsa.
Duk da haka, yawancin ciwon MELAS ba a zahiri ba ne; da maye gurbin wannan cuta yana faruwa sau da yawa.
Saboda cutar rashin lafiya ne da aka sani kuma yana da wuyar ganewa, ba a san yadda mutane da yawa suka ci gaba ba a dukan duniya. Wannan ciwo yana shafar dukan kabilanci da maza da mata.
Abokan da aka cutar sun fara nuna alamar cututtuka a tsakanin shekaru 4 da 40. cutar sau da yawa ne m. Babu magani don ciwon MELAS; Magungunan kiwon lafiya yana taimakawa.
Cutar cututtuka
Saboda mitochondria m kasancewa a cikin dukkan kwayoyin marasa lafiya da ciwon MELAS, yawancin alamun alamun zasu iya bunƙasa, waɗanda suke da lalata. Rashin ciwo yana haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa, yana haifar da samowa , ɓarna, ko rashin lafiya. Hanyoyin kwakwalwa (cututtukan kwakwalwa) na haifar da rawar jiki, tsofaffin ƙwayoyi, makanta, kurarin, kuma zai iya haifar da lalata. Myopathy (cututtukan tsoka) yana sa wahalar tafiya, motsi, cin abinci, da magana.
Sanin asali
A cikin mutane da yawa tare da ciwon MELAS, annoba, ko alamu irin su ciwon kai, zubar da jini, ko kamawa, shine alamar farko cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne. Abinda ya faru na farko shine annoba a tsakanin yara 4 zuwa 15, amma yana iya faruwa a jarirai ko a cikin matasa.
Kafin bugun jini na farko, yaro zai iya jinkirta girma da bunkasa, yana da nakasa ko illa rashin hankali.
Gwaje-gwaje na iya duba matakin lactic acid a cikin jini da kuma ruwan sanyi . Yin gwagwarmayar jini zai iya bincika wani enzyme (halayyar cin hanci) da ke cikin tsoka. Za a iya gwada samfurin ƙwayar tsoka (biopsy) don yawan lalacewar kwayoyin da ke cikin MELAS. Nazarin nazarin samfurin zuciya, irin su lissafin kwaikwayo (CT scan) ko hoton fuska mai haske (MRI), na iya neman alamun kwakwalwa daga lalacewar cutar.
Jiyya
Abin takaici, har yanzu babu magani don dakatar da lalacewar MELAS, kuma sakamakon da mutane ke fama da ciwo shine yawanci matalauta. Harkokin horo na motsa jiki na iya taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa haƙurin mutane tare da ƙauna. Magungunan maganin ƙwayar cuta, ciki har da abubuwan da ake ci abinci, sun nuna amfanoni ga wasu mutane. Wadannan jiyya sun haɗa da coenzyme Q10, phylloquinone, manadione, ascorbate, riboflavin, nicotinamide, halitta creator monohydrate, idebenone, succinate, da dichloroacetate. Ko wadannan abubuwan da za su taimakawa ga dukan mutanen da ke fama da ciwon MELAS har yanzu suna nazarin.
Sources:
Scaglia, F. (2002). MELAS ciwo. eMedicine.
Kaufmann P, Engelstad K, Wei Y, et al. Tarihin halitta na MELAS ya haɗa da DNA m.3243A> G genotype. Bincike 2011; 77: 1965.