Mene ne hanya mai kyau don bincikar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya?
Samun maganin cututtukan cututtuka (CAD) zai iya zama kalubalanci ga marasa lafiya da likitoci saboda akwai mutane da dama da ke fuskantar hadarin CAD da kuma gwaje-gwaje masu yawa da za a iya amfani dasu. Wa ya kamata a jarraba, kuma wace gwaji za su samu?
Menene CAD?
CAD wata cuta ce mai ciwo na cututtuka na jini . A CAD, atherosclerosis yana sa santsi, mai rufi na arteries don ya zama mai taurare, ƙinƙara da kumbura ta " plaques ," wanda shine adiyo na alli, ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Wadannan alamun zasu iya yin tasiri a cikin tashar maganin, haifar da rikici na jini, yanayin da yakan haifar da angina . Hakanan zai iya rushewa, ya haifar da jinin jini don farawa a cikin maganin jini wanda ya haifar da yaduwar jini. Yawancin cututtuka na katsewa ( cututtuka na zuciya ) suna haifar da raguwa mai ban dariya.
CAD shine cuta mai ci gaba, ci gaba wanda aka saba da shi shekaru masu yawa kafin mutum ya san cewa wani abu ba daidai bane. Sau da yawa, ainihin nuni da cewa akwai matsala shi ne lokacin da wani yanayi mai ban mamaki ya faru, kamar ƙwayar cuta ta sirri ko ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya . Wannan yana nufin cewa idan kun kasance cikin haɗari ga CAD, kada ku jira jiran bayyanar cututtuka kafin ku gano ko kuna da matsala.
Binciken CAD
Tabbatar da "Mahimmanci" Gurasar
A al'ada, ganewar asali na CAD ya dogara ne akan gwaje-gwajen da ke neman shaidar "damuwa" a cikin suturar jini .
(A gaba ɗaya, masu ilimin zuciya sunyi la'akari da tsauraran "gagarumin" wanda ya hana kashi 70% ko fiye da tashar tashar.
Gwajin gwaje-gwaje (ko jarabawar jaraba ) yana taimakawa wajen bincikar suturar jijiyar ɓarna. Sarrafa gwajin gwagwarmaya zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na angina da halayen halayen electrocardiogram (ECG) - binciken da ke nuna cewa akwai damuwa.
Yin gwajin gwagwarmaya tareda tare da binciken koyon thallium / Cardiolite ko wani echocardiogram yana inganta ƙwarewar samun suturar cututtukan zuciya. Thallium da Cardiolite sune abubuwa masu rediyo wanda aka allura cikin kwayar lokacin motsa jiki. Wadannan abubuwa suna dauke da tsoka da ƙwayar zuciya ta hanyar jigilar jini , don haka yana barin zuciyar da aka zana da kamarar ta musamman. Idan daya ko fiye daga cikin suturar na jijiyoyin jini an katange shi, wasu sassan zuciyar tsohuwar da aka ba su ta hanyar hotunan suna nunawa a matsayin hoton duhu. Sakamakon rubutu yana haifar da hoto na zuciya ta yin amfani da maɓallin sauti. Duk wani motsi mai mahimmanci a cikin zuciyar tsohuwar da aka gani akan echocardiogram lokacin motsa jiki ya nuna CAD.
Karanta game da gwajin thallium / Cardiolite da kuma echocardiograms
Idan jarrabawar jaraba yana nuna cewa daya ko fiye blockages suna samuwa, marasa lafiya ana kiran su ne don catheterization cardiac . Dalilin catheterization shi ne ya cika siffar da kuma iyakar duk wani nau'i na katakon maganin jini , yawanci don manufar angioplasty , tacewa ko ta hanyar tiyata .
Karanta Game da Kyaujin Cardiac
An gabatar da gwaje-gwaje marasa jituwa wanda zai iya maye gurbin bukatar catheterization cardiac wata rana.
Wadannan sun haɗa da CT scan da kuma MRI na zuciya . Abin takaici, ba daga waɗannan hanyoyi a yau ba zai iya maye gurbin buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya .
Tabbatar da Alamomin da Basa Gana Alamar Alamai
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu ilimin zuciya sun fahimci cewa duk wani mummunan cututtuka na katakon fuka-fuka da na angin da aka yiwa karya yana haifar da rushewa daga cikin kwakwalwa . Ya bayyana cewa a yawancin mutane idan ba mafi yawan lokuta ba, ana kiran su "wanda ba shi da kyau" (watau, ba mai hadarin gaske) ba kafin rushe su. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa muke sau da yawa game da mutanen da ke fama da ciwon zuciya ba da jimawa ba bayan da aka gaya musu cewa basu da muhimmin CAD.
(Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru da jaridar TV Tim Russert a 2008.)
Tun da kowane takarda zai iya rushewa, yana da amfani a san ko alamun suna samuwa - ko da kananan. Mutanen da ke da adadin CAD ya kamata suyi matakai don magance takardu kuma rage hadarin rushewa . (Wadannan matakan suna hada da haɗarin haɗarin haɗari, canje-canje na rayuwa, statins , da aspirin.)
Kwayoyin calcium suna fitowa ne a matsayin hanya mai mahimmanci na gano ƙananan ƙwayoyin CAD. Kwayoyin calcium sune nau'i na CT wanda zai iya ƙididdige yawan adadin alkaran a cikin suturar jini . Tun lokacin da adadin kullun yake faruwa a cikin kwakwalwa, auna yawan adadin ma'auni a cikin arteries yana nuna alamar ko CAD (sabili da haka plaques) yana samuwa da kuma yadda CAD na iya zama. Ta hanyar sanar da kai cewa kana da kalla CAD don samar da alamar "shiru," calcium scan zai iya baka damar canza rayuwarka, kuma watakila ya dauki magunguna masu dacewa, yayin da akwai lokaci don yin hakan.
Ƙara Ƙarin Game da Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Lafiya da Wanda Zai Amfana Daga Su
Sources:
Gibbons, RJ, Balady, GJ, Timothy Bricker, J, et al. ACC / AHA 2002 sabunta jagorancin gwajin gwaji: taƙaitaccen labarin. Rahoton Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Amirka da Kasuwancin Amirka game da Sharuɗɗan Ɗabi'a (Kwamitin Gudanar da Ɗaukaka Harkokin Gudanar da Harkokin Gudanarwa na 1997). J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40: 1531.
Califf, RM, Armstrong, PW, Carver, JR, et al. Ƙungiyar Ayyuka 5. Tabbatar da marasa lafiya a cikin ƙananan ƙananan, matsakaici da ƙananan raƙumi don dalilai na kula da haɗari. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 27: 1007.