Tambaya: Apheresis Ga LDL Cholesterol
Dan dan shekaru 12 yana da matakan cholesterol sosai, wanda suka ce yana da ladabi ne. Matsayinsa yana da girma sosai cewa likitocinsa sun bada shawarar cewa ya fara magani da ake kira "apheresis." Daga kadan na san game da shi, wannan yana da kyau sosai a gare ni. Za ku iya fada mani game da apheresis, kuma ko mai kyau ne ga yaro?
Amsa: Akwai nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na cuta marasa gado na LDL cholesterol . Mafi yawan waɗannan su ne gidan hypercholesterolemia na gida (FH). Mutanen da ke da FH, musamman ma wadanda ke da mummunar cututtuka irin wannan cuta, sun kara yawan haɗari na tasowa marasa lafiya na zuciya. LDL cholesterol girma a cikin wannan yanayin sun kasance daga haihuwa, kuma suna fara lalata tsarin nakasar jini a lokacin tsufa - don haka wajibi ne a kula da mutanen dake da iyalin hypercholesterolemia yayin da suke yara.
Mafi mahimmancin jiyya ga FH shine amfani da kwayoyin kwayoyi . A mafi yawan mutane da wannan yanayin, statins zai rage LDL cholesterol matakan ma. Amma a wa] anda ke da cututtukan magungunan cututtukan cututtuka ba su aiki sosai ba, kuma hadarin ciwon zuciya ya kasance sosai. Wadannan mutane an ce sun sami "hypercholesterolemia mai maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi."
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance marasa lafiya tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi na miyagun ƙwayoyi; babu wani daga cikinsu mai sauki ko mai dadi. Daga hanyoyin da aka samo, wanda wanda ya shafe mafi gwaji shine apheresis.
Apheresis
A cikin apheresis, an fitar da jini daga jini a cikin jini, sa'an nan kuma an sarrafa shi a hanyar da za ta kawar da sunadaran (da ake kira lipoproteins) wanda ya ƙunshi LDL-cholesterol.
A ƙarshe, an mayar da jini mai rage yawan ƙwayar cholesterol zuwa alamar mai haƙuri. (Wannan hanya tana da ɗan kama da labarun da ke amfani da su ga marasa lafiya da rashin gaji.)
Apheresis yakan rage matakan LDL cholesterol ta hanyar 75%. Duk da haka, saboda hanta a cikin wadannan marasa lafiya suna samar da yawan LLL cholesterol, matakan LDL sun dawo cikin 'yan kwanaki. Sabili da haka ilimin yana bukatar a yi akalla sau ɗaya a mako, kuma wani lokuta sau biyu a mako.
Yin amfani da farfadowa a kan ilmin lissafi, a bayyane yake, babban alkawari ne a lokaci da rashin tausayi, kuma yana da tsada sosai. Bugu da ƙari kuma, zai iya haifar da sakamako mai yawa, kamar hawan jini, anemia , da ciwon kai. A ƙarshe, kamar yadda a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da ciwon jini, waɗanda suke da ciwon kwatsam kullum suna buƙatar samun wata hanya mai wuyar ganewa don ƙirƙirar fistula (ƙananan haɗin haɗawa da maganin da ke ƙarƙashin fata), wanda ya sauƙaƙa da saurin shiga cikin jini da ake bukata ta apheresis .
Ana nazarin tasirin apheresis a cikin yara masu fama da cututtukan cholesterol mai tsanani. Ga abin da UpToDate , wani lantarki nema don likitoci da marasa lafiya, ya ce game da sakamakon apheresis a cikin yara:
Tsaro da inganci na tsawon lokaci LDL-apheresis an kimanta a cikin nazarin yara 11 tare da hypercholesterolemia mai zurfi (ciki har da yara da homozygous FH) waɗanda aka bi da su don shekaru 2 zuwa 17. Babu wani cututtuka na zuciya, da cututtuka na ƙananan cututtukan zuciya, ko ka'idojin tsabtace jini. An nuna juyayi game da raunin maganin jini, da kuma rigakafi na cigaba da ciwon daji da cututtuka.A wasu kalmomi, duk da dukan samfurori na apheresis, akalla binciken daya ya nuna cewa wannan nau'i na magani - a cikin yara, akalla - ba kawai rage LDL cholesterol ba, amma kuma yana nuna kusan rage haɗarin tasowa marasa lafiya marasa lafiya . Don haka, duk da dukan abubuwan da suka samo, apheresis wani abu ne da ya kamata a dauka a cikin yara tare da siffofin hypercholesterolemia mai tsanani wadanda ba su amsawa ba.
Dogon Lokacin
Abin farin cikin, yanzu ya bayyana cewa apheresis bazai kasancewa a cikin rayuwa ba. Na gode da abubuwan da suka faru a kwanan baya game da ilimin kwayoyin halittar mutum, da dama da ake sabbin sababbin maganin da ake amfani da su, da nufin wasu cututtukan kwayoyin halitta da suka samar da FH. Sabbin magungunan da suke ci gaba da ci gaba suna da damar da za su iya rage LDL cholesterol zuwa matakan da za su dace. Mai yiwuwa daidai ne don duba lakabi a cikin yara tare da FH a matsayin ma'auni mai banƙyama - a matsayin hanyar da za a kiyaye jini a matsayin "tsabta" yayin da muke jira don ƙarin mahimmanci, kuma mafi sauki, maganin likita.
Kuna son ƙarin koyo? Dubi UpToDate ta topic, "Family Hypercholesterolemia" don ƙarin bayani mai zurfi a cikin zurfi.
Sources:
Rosenson RS, de Ferranti SD, Durrington P. Jiyya na hypercholesterolemia mai maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Na zamani. Samun shiga, Yuli 2012.