A cikin watan Nuwambar 2015, CDC ta sanar da cewa, a shekarar 2014, yanayin da autism tsakanin yara ya karu a cikin shekara daya daga yara 1:68 zuwa 1:45.
A cewar Washington Post: Rahoton daga Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka da Cibiyar Nazarin Labaran Lafiya ta nuna cewa yawancin autism a yara masu shekaru 3 zuwa 17 sun haura kusan kashi 80 daga 2011-2013 zuwa 2014. Maimakon 1 a cikin 80 (ko 1.25 bisa dari), yara da ke da autism - lambobin da suka tsoratar da jami'an kiwon lafiyar jama'a a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da kuma gurguwar jihar da kuma makarantun makarantar - masu bincike yanzu sun kiyasta cewa yawancin da ake ciki yanzu shine 1 a 45 (ko kashi 2.24).
Wadannan sakamako masu ban mamaki sun kasance ne akan binciken CDC wadda aka canza a cikin shekara ta gabata. Shin waɗannan canje-canje sun haifar da bayyana, maimakon hakikanin, ƙara yawan ƙwayar cutar? Rahoton CDC, mai suna Fassara Tsarin Jari na Autism da Sauran Ƙarƙirar Ci Gaban Bayan Abubuwan Tambaya Sauyawa a binciken Nazarin Lafiya na Lafiya ta 2014, ya nuna cewa wannan zai iya kasancewa wannan lamari. Ba wai kawai binciken ya canza ba, amma duk sakamakon binciken shi ne tushen, ba a likita ba ko litattafan makaranta, amma a kan amsawar iyaye - wanda bazai kasance cikakke cikakke ba.
Sauran binciken da suka faru daga binciken sun hada da sake gano gaskiyar cewa yawancin yara tare da autism sune daga masu arziki, masu fararen fata, ilimi, iyayen da ke zaune a cikin manyan yankuna. Duk da yake wannan binciken bai ambata gaskiyar ba, binciken ya gano cewa iyayen iyaye suna da tasiri kan hadarin autism.
Wadannan bayanan suna nuna yiwuwar al'adu ko zamantakewa na zamantakewa a cikin rahoto da / ko ganewar asali.
Wani nazarin Danish tsohuwar dubawa a cikin wannan tambaya ya ce: Canje-canje a cikin ayyukan bada rahoto zai iya kasancewa mafi yawancin (kashi 60) na karuwar yawan ASD a cikin yara da aka haifa daga 1980 zuwa 1991 a Denmark. Saboda haka, binciken yana goyon bayan hujjar cewa karuwar karuwar ASD a cikin 'yan shekarun nan na cikin babban ɓangaren da aka haifar da canje-canje a cikin ayyukan yin rahoto.
Amma a gefe guda, babu shakka cewa yara da yawa suna da alama suna da alamun autism. Wasu masu bincike sun ce batun ba wai lambobin sun karu ba ne amma yawancin mutane suna bincikar lafiya - kuma an bayyana lambobin gaskiya a ƙarshe.
Don haka ... ne autism a kan Yunƙurin? Kuma, idan shi ne ... me yasa?
Ta yaya kuma me yasa Abokan Harkokin Kwaminisanci suka Farko:
An fara bayyana autism a matsayin rashin lafiya a cikin shekarun 1940. Dokta Leo Kanner ya bayyana, kuma ya hada da waɗannan yara tare da abin da za a iya bayyana a yau a matsayin rashin lafiyar magungunan autism.
Har zuwa 1990, ba a haɗa autism ba a cikin dokokin da aka tsara don tabbatar da ilimin ga mutanen da ke da marasa lafiya. A shekara ta 1990, sababbin mutanen da ke fama da nakasa ilimi ya kara autism zuwa jerin sunayen yara da matasa da suke aiki a ƙarƙashin aikin. Sabuwar dokar kuma ta kara da ayyukan sauya mulki da kuma fasaha masu taimakawa ga bukatunta. Ba a taba gano Autism a matsayin ka'ida ba a 1990. Tun daga shekara ta 1990, tasirin autism a makarantu ya karu sosai.
A shekara ta 1991, an buga Interview na Autism Diagnostic Interview. Wannan shine kayan aiki na farko wanda aka gano don maganin autism.
A shekara ta 1992, Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙasar Amirka ta fitar da Dokar Hidima da Labarin Bayanai (DSM-IV), wanda ya tsaftace ka'idodin bincike don rashin lafiyar mutum. Autism ya zama mummunar cuta; a cikin ainihin, ya zama mai yiwuwa ga wani ya kasance mai tsaurin ra'ayi ko kuma mai tausayi. Sabbin gwaje-gwajen, ciki har da "rashin aiki" Asperger syndrome da "PDD-NOS" kama-duk " an kara su a cikin littafin.
A farkon shekarun 1990, tare da sababbin kayan aikin bincike da samfurori da aka samo, tantancewar cutar ta autism ta fara fara. A cikin shekaru 10 tsakanin 1993 da 2003, adadin 'yan makaranta na Amurka da kamfanonin autism sun karu da fiye da kashi 800%.
Daga tsakanin 2000 da 2010, lambar ta daga 1: 150 zuwa 1:68.
Me yasa Autism Diagnoses Soar?
A bayyane yake, akwai makarantu guda biyu da tunani a kan wannan batu. A wani bangare akwai wadanda suka ce cewa canji a ma'aunin bincike, da haɗe da kididdigar makaranta da kuma fahimtar autism duk sun haifar da annoba (amma ba ainihin) ba. Wannan ka'idar tana da tabbas daidai - a kalla wasu digiri - amma yayin da yake iya bayyana babban adadin yawan karuwa bazai iya bayyana ƙarin karuwa ba.
A wani bangare kuma, su ne wadanda suka ce wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ke waje sun haifar da haɓaka ainihin yawan mutanen da ke da alamun bayyanar cututtuka da suke ganewa tare da autism. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban game da abin da wannan matsala na ciki zai iya kasancewa - kuma (hakika) yana yiwuwa ya haɓaka karuwa a cikin kamuwa da autism tare da karuwa a wasu abubuwa masu yawa daga amfani da wayar zuwa GMO don maganin rigakafi. Yayinda wasu daga cikin wadannan halayen sun kasance marasa lalata, wasu sun jawo sha'awa mai yawa daga masu bincike.
Shin kamfanonin Autism ne Duk da haka a kan Rise?
Wannan tambaya ta kasance a cikin iska, musamman ma yanzu cewa ma'anar da kuma ma'auni don bincikar autism sun canza (tare da bugawa DSM-5 2013). Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da abin da zai iya faruwa da sababbin ka'idoji. Wasu masana sunyi tsammanin raguwar cutar ta autism a yanzu cewa rashin lafiya Asperger da PDD-NOS ba su da samuwa a matsayin 'yan-kama-duk'. Wasu suna tsammanin karuwa, kamar yadda wayar da kan jama'a suka inganta. Sabbin bayanai suna ba da basira - amma a fili, akwai ra'ayi da yawa game da inganci da amfani!
Sources
- Tashin hankali na Autism da Sauran Ƙarƙirar Ci Gaba Bayan Tambayar Tambaya Canje-canje a binciken Nazarin Neman Lafiya ta 2014,
- CDC Factsheet a kan Autism
- Tarihin Ilimi na Ilimi na IDEA
- Hansen SN, Schendel DE, Parner ET. Bayyana Karin Ƙarawar Tsarin Tashin Tsarin Abism na Tsarin Autism: Tsarin Dama na Dama ga Canje-canje a Tattaunawa Ayyuka. JAMA Pediatr. 2015; 169 (1): 56-62. Doi: 10.1001 / jamapediatrics.2014.1893.
- Suresh, Arvind. Autism ƙara karamar warware: A'a, ba likita ba, GMOs glyphosate-ko abinci na abinci. Janairu 9, 2015, Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci.