Ƙungiyar Usher na iya zama dalilin da ya sa wani wanda ka sani yana kurãme ne kuma makãho
Ciwo Usher ne cuta wanda yakan haifar da asarar da hangen nesa. Wannan ƙwayar halittar kwayar cutar tana dauke da ƙazantarwa, ma'anar cewa duka iyaye dole ne su shiga yanayin don a haifi jariri tare da wannan cuta. A wasu kalmomi, iyaye biyu suna da cutar ko masu sufuri (da 1 iyaye da suka wuce a yanayin, amma har yanzu yana barci) na rashin lafiya.
Yayinda yake da wuya, kawai yana faruwa a kimanin 4 zuwa 5 da 100,000 mutane, ana ganin shi shine dalilin da yafi dacewa da ciwon makanta da kurame, kuma asusun na kimanin kashi 50 cikin waɗannan lokuta. Akwai nau'o'in daban daban na Usher. Rubutun I & II yana da rashin tausayi mafi yawa kuma mafi yawan siffofin. Nau'in III, wanda shine mafi ƙanƙantaccen irin ciwo na Usher, kawai lissafin kimanin 2 daga cikin 100 har sai idan kuna daga zuriya na Finnish, sannan kuma yana iya lissafin asalin kashi 40 cikin dari na shari'ar.
Halittar Halitta
Usher ciwo yana dauke da cutar rashin lafiya, wanda ke nufin cewa cutar ta haifar da DNA yayin ci gaban. Koda kuwa rashin ciwo Usher ba ya bayyana har sai daga baya a rayuwa, har yanzu yana da alaka da ci gaba kafin haihuwa. Akwai hanyoyi 11 da aka gane a cikin kwayoyin halittar DNA wadanda ke shafar sunadaran da zasu iya haifar da ciwo Usher. Duk da haka sauye-sauye mafi yawan su ne:
- MYO7A - Rubuta Na
- CDH23 - Rubuta Na
- USH2A - Type II
- CLRN1 - Rubutun III
Mafi yawan matsalolin da suka shafi halayen kwayoyin sune alaka da sunadaran da suke da muhimmanci ga ci gaban ƙwayoyin gashi na musamman a kunnuwanku na ciki (cilia), da sanda da mazugi a cikin idanun ku. Idan ba tare da dacewa ba (wanda ke cikin kunnuwanka, daidaitawa da kuma sauraren abubuwan da za a saurare za su lalace.
Tana da tsinkayyiyar sandan suna da haske wanda zai ba ka damar har yanzu idan akwai haske kadan. Hakanan magunguna suna ba ka damar ganin launuka da kuma lokacin da hasken ke haske.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na Usher Ciwo
Babban alamar bayyanar cututtuka Usher sune asarar jijiyar jiki da kuma nau'i na hangen nesa da ake kira retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Sakamakon gyare-gyare na launin fata yana nuna wahalar hangen nesa da dare wanda ya biyo bayan hasken ido wanda ya shafi hangen nesa. Wannan zai iya haifar da hangen nesa da kuma ci gaban cataracts. Kwayar cututtukan bambanta ya danganta da irin irin ciwo Usher da mutum yana da.
Rubuta Na
- yawanci gaba ɗaya ko mafi yawan kurma a kunnuwansa daga lokacin haifuwa
- matsaloli na daidaitawa - wanda yakan haifar da jinkirin motsa jiki (zama, tafiya da dai sauransu ...)
- Matsalolin RP-hangen nesa da suka fara samuwa da shekaru 10 kuma suna cigaba da sauri har sai cikar makanta na faruwa
Nau'in II
- haife shi da matsakaicin matsananciyar murya
- haife shi tare da ma'auni na al'ada
- RP - asarar hangen nesa wanda ya cigaba da sannu a hankali fiye da buga I
Nau'in III
- al'ada ji a lokacin haihuwa
- Rashin hasara mai yiwuwa ya ci gaba a rayuwa
- al'ada ko kusa da ma'auni na al'ada a haihuwa
- zai iya haifar da matsala matsaloli a baya a rayuwa
- yawanci ci gaba da matsalolin hangen nesa a wasu matakai - bambancin dake tsakanin mutane
Binciken Hadin Usher
Idan kuna haɗuwa da asarar sauraro, asarar hangen nesa, da kuma matsalolin rashin daidaito likitanku na iya ɗaukar cutar Usher. Gwaninta daban-daban na gwaje-gwaje ciki har da gwaje-gwaje na filin gani, binciken gwaji, da kuma electroretinogram (ERG) suna taimakawa wajen bincikar cututtukan Usher da kuma gwaji na bidiyo. Hanyoyin lantarki (ENG) na iya taimakawa wajen gane matsalolin ma'auni.
Yawancin kwayoyin daban-daban (kimanin 11, tare da yiwuwar ƙarin ganowa) an danganta su da ciwo Usher. Tare da yawancin kwayoyin halittar da ke cikin wannan gwajin kwayar cutar ba ta taimaka sosai ba wajen taimakawa wajen gano asalin yanayin.
Jiyya don Usher Ciwo
Babu maganin warkar da cutar Usher. Duk da haka, zaku iya amfani da maganin ciwo Usher don sarrafa alamun bayyanar. Jiyya na bayyanar cututtuka na iya zama bisa ga abubuwan da kake so tare tare da haɗin gwiwar likitanka, da kuma irin ƙwayar Usher da kake da su. Dabbobi daban-daban na likita da magunguna zasu iya zama dole a maki daban-daban a rayuwar mutum kuma zai iya haɗawa da masu sauraro, magungunan maganganu, masu kwantar da hankali na jiki da na aikin likita, masu bincike da sauransu. Wadannan jiyya na iya zama da amfani wajen sarrafa manawan Usher.
Rubuta Na
Sauran maganganu ba yawan amfani ba ne a cikin irin wannan cuta na Usher. Ƙididdigar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na iya zama zaɓi kuma zai iya inganta ingantaccen rayuwa. Sanin asali na farko yana da mahimmanci don a iya koyar da wasu hanyoyin sadarwa irin su Harshen Harshen Amfani na Amirka (ASL). Dole ne a yi la'akari da la'akari na musamman a zaɓar hanyar sadarwa, ASL alal misali bazai zama wani zaɓi mai kyau ga mutanen da ke fama da hasara mai zurfi ba.
Daidaita da gyaran gyare-gyare na iya taimakawa wajen kula da abin da ke cikin kunnen ciki ciki har da hasara na rashin daidaituwa ko rashin hankali. Jiyya ga matsalolin hangen nesa zai iya haɗawa da umarnin braille, na'urori don taimakawa wajen hangen nesa da dare, ko kuma kullun tiyata. Dabbobin sabis, (kamar mai shiryarwa), na iya taimakawa bisa ga yanayin.
Nau'in II
Zai iya jin dadin amfani tare da wasu maganin jijiyoyin irin su kwakwalwa na cochlear. Wasu bincike sun nuna cewa karin kariyar bitamin A na iya zama da amfani a rage jinkirin RP a cikin nau'in II da III Usher. Duk da haka, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi likitanka kafin kokarin wannan kuma tabbatar da cewa kai:
- ba su da juna biyu ko tsara ciki, kamar yadda manyan kwayoyin Vitamin A na iya haifar da lahani na haihuwa
- kar a kari tare da beta carotene
- Kada ku ɗauki fiye da 15,000 IU
Nau'in III
Haɗuwa da jiyya da aka yi amfani da shi a irin na I da na II dangane da tsananin bayyanar cututtuka.
Ci gaba da bincike game da ciwon Usher ci gaba da ci gaba da jiyya zai iya samuwa.
Sources:
Ƙungiyar Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Amurka. Fahimtar Usher Ciwo. Samun shiga: Agusta 26, 2016 daga http://www.asha.org/Articles/Understanding-Usher-Syndrome/
Ma'anar Gidajen Genetics. Usher Syndrome. An shiga: Agusta 26, 2016 daga https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/usher-syndrome
Kimberling, WJ & Lindenmuth, A. (2006). Ƙungiyar Usher. Taro a Ji, 27 (3): 182-192.
Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ƙarƙashin Ƙari & Sauran Sadarwar Sadarwa. Usher Syndrome. Samun dama: Agusta 26, 2016 daga https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/usher-syndrome
Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙananan Raunuka. Usher Syndrome. Samun shiga: Agusta 26, 2016 daga http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/usher-syndrome/