Ana iya kiranka a matsayin mai ilimin maganin maganganu, ko kuma mafi mahimmanci da ake kira malamin mai magana da labarun (SLP), don rashin lafiya. Hakan zai iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin da suka danganci magana, ji, da haɗiye. Fiye da haka SLP na iya taimakawa wajen tantancewa da bi da:
- Hikima - tayarwa da damuwa
- Jawabin - magana
- Harshe - iyawa da fahimtar harshen magana da rubutu
- Cognition - hankali, ƙwaƙwalwa, ikon magance matsaloli
- Murya - halaye na sautin murya
- Auditory Habilitation & Auditory Rehabilitation - hanyoyin dabarun da suka hada da magana, ji da harshe
- Cutar da cuta - cututtuka da cututtuka na ciki
- Sauran ayyukan - wasu masu kwantar da hankali za su kwarewa a wasu ayyuka ciki har da: ƙwarewar muryar sana'a, ƙararrawa ko yare gyara, muryar transgender, gyaran musayar kasuwanci, da tsabtace murya
Da aka lissafa a ƙasa, za ku sami wasu hanyoyin kwantar da hankulan da SLP za ta yi amfani da su don magance wasu ƙwayoyin maganganun da suka fi yawan magana.
Maganar Magana don Masu Magana
Idan jariri ko jariri ya kamata a yi magana a yanzu amma ba haka ba, ana iya kiran shi a matsayin mai ilimin likita. Kwararren likita zai iya gwada abubuwa daban-daban don ƙarfafa yaron yin magana, ciki har da yin wasa tare da shi. Wani lokaci, daina riƙe kayan wasa da aka fi so har sai yaron ya nemi shi ya motsa kananan yara suyi magana, amma wannan ya dogara ne akan halin.
Ga wasu yara, wasu nau'o'in sadarwa, kamar alamar alama ko katunan hoto, za'a iya gabatarwa. Maganganun maganganu na iya ƙirar ɗanka don ƙarin kimantawa, kamar jarabawa idan ya cancanta.
Maganar Magana don Yara da Apraxia
Yara da apraxia suna da wahalar magance wasu ƙididdiga ko yin sauti.
Yaronku ya san abin da yake so ya ce, amma ba ze fito da dama ba. Maganin maganganun maganganu sun cancanci yin la'akari da yara ga apraxia ta amfani da gwaje-gwaje da dama, ciki har da:
- binciken kodayake na motsa jiki don bincika rauni a cikin tsoka a cikin jaw, lebe ko harshe
- launin waƙa na kimar magana a lokacin da mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankula ya saurara don ganin idan zasu iya magance wasu ƙididdiga kuma amfani da farar kuma ya dakatar a wuri mai dacewa a jumla
- kallon maganganun magana wanda ya ƙara ƙayyade yadda yaron zai iya furta sautuna, ciki har da wasula, haɗaka da kuma haɗakar sauti. Wannan ya hada da ƙayyade yadda sauran mutane zasu iya fahimtar maganganun taɗi na yaro
Idan an gano danka tare da apraxia, za su buƙaci maganganun maganganu a kowane lokaci sau da yawa a kowane mako. Wannan farfadowa zai iya kasancewa da yin amfani da maganganunsu. Mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zai yi kokarin taimakawa yaron ya fahimci bayanin auditive da kuma abubuwan da aka gani ko kuma zane. Ɗaya daga cikin hanyar da mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zai iya yi shi ne don yaro ya dubi kansu a cikin madubi yayin magana, ko rikodin su magana da kuma kunna shi. Yawancin yara suna jin dadin wannan. Tun da samun nasarar maganin apraxia ya ƙunshi lokaci mai yawa da sadaukarwa, mai likitancinka zai iya ba ka "aikin" don yin aiki tare da yaro a gida.
Maganar Maganganu don Gyarawa
Tambayawa shine matsala da yawanci yakan taso a lokacin yarinya amma zai iya cigaba a lokacin da ya girma. Ana yin la'akari da rikitarwa kamar matsala na hali. Maganganun maganganu za su yi kokarin koya wa yaron da ke yin halayyar dabi'un gyara, wanda hakan zai iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa rikici. Hanyar da za a iya amfani dashi a kan yaron shine ya koya musu su sarrafa maganganun magana, tun da yake magana da sauri zai iya zama mummunar mummunan yanayi ga wasu mutane. Yin amfani da maganganu a hankali, mafi dacewar hanya zai iya taimakawa. Hakanan zai iya taimakawa wajen kula da numfashi.
Ko da bayan jiyya, mutanen da suke yin haɗari na iya buƙatar ci gaba tare da mai maganin maganin su don magance matsalar daga maimaitawa.
Jagoran Magana ga Aphasia
Aphasia wani yanayin ne wanda ke haifar da wahalar maganganu saboda sakamakon irin lalacewar kwakwalwa. Halin zai iya haɗawa da wahalar sauraro, karatu, da rubutu. Aphasia ya faru da manya da yawa bayan da suka ji rauni . Masu maganin maganganu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bincikar cutar ta hanyar nazarin mutane masu iya fahimtar wasu, bayyana kansu, har ma da haɗiye. Akwai abubuwa daban-daban da maganganun maganganu zasu iya yi don taimakawa mutumin da ke fama da cutar, ciki har da:
- drills don inganta wasu ƙwarewar harshe
- rukunin rukuni don inganta halayyar magana
- gestures da kuma rubuce-rubuce don ƙara haɓaka fasaha
Maganar Maganganu don Sauke Difficile
Yaronku na iya fuskanci wahalar haɗuwa don dalilai da dama. Mai maganin maganganu na iya taimakawa yaro tare da haɗar da wahala ta hanyar taimakon su tare da gwaje-gwaje don karfafa bakinta, ƙara haɓaka harshe, da inganta gyaran gashi. Mai maganin maganganu na iya yin shawarwari game da daidaito na abinci. Ga jarirai, magungunan maganganu na iya taimakawa wajen haɓaka ƙarancin abincinta.
Kamar yadda aka ambata wadannan su ne kawai wasu daga cikin abubuwan da mai magana da kwantar da hankali zai yi. Akwai wasu yanayi da hanyoyin da ake amfani dasu don kimanta waɗanda suke bukata.
> Sources:
> Aphasia. Ƙungiyar Bayar da Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/Aphasia/. Samun shiga 12/29/2017
> Abraxia na yara na Magana. Ƙungiyar Bayar da Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/ChildhoodApraxia/. Samun shiga 12/29/2017.
> Cutar da cikewa (Dysphagia) cikin Yara. Ƙungiyar Bayar da Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/swallowing/Feeding-and-Swallowing-Disorders-in-Children/ Accessed 12/29/2017.
> Yayatawa. Ƙungiyar Bayar da Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka. http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/stuttering.htm. Samun shiga 12/29/2017.
> Yanayin Ayyuka a Tsarin Harshe. Ƙungiyar Bayar da Harshe ta Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka. http://www.asha.org/policy/SP2016-00343/. Updated 2016. Samun shiga 12/29/2017.