Bisa ga Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Amurka (CDC), fiye da kashi uku na manya a Amurka suna da girma. Wannan shi ne mamba miliyan 78.6 na yawan al'ummar kasar.
Cutar annoba ta zo ne mai girma ga mutum da kiwon lafiyar jama'a, har ma da haɓaka kudaden kiwon lafiya wanda hakan zai kara yawan kudi na tsarin lafiyarmu. A shekarar 2008, ƙididdigar CDC, nauyin kiwon lafiya na shekara-shekara a Amurka ya kai dala biliyan 147 a shekarar 2008. Bugu da kari, farashin kiwon lafiya ga wadanda ke da kiba sun kasance kusan $ 1,429 mafi girma fiye da wadanda suke da nauyi na al'ada.
Yanzu shafin yanar gizon kuɗi na WalletHub ya fito da jerin sunayen mafi yawan ƙananan metro a Amurka. A cewar WalletHub, masu sharhi sun kwatanta 100 daga cikin yankunan da aka fi sani da Amurka, suna la'akari da nauyin mita 14, don gano wuraren birane "inda matsalolin matsaloli suke kira don kara hankali."
Yankunan metro masu zuwa sun hada da jerin:
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Memphis, TennesseeMemphis ya fara zama na farko a matsayin mafi yawan ƙananan ƙwayoyin mota, yana karɓar duka daga WalletHub na 76.97. Memphis yana da mafi girma yawan manya manyan mutane da kuma mafi girman yawan marasa lafiyar jiki.
Memphis a ɗaure na biyu (tare da El Paso, TX) don mafi yawan manya da ciwon sukari. Kiba shine sananne na cututtukan cututtuka na Type 2 , don haka wannan haɗin zai zama ba mamaki ba. Yayinda yawancin kiba ya karu a Amurka da ko'ina cikin duniya, saboda haka suna da ciwon sukari na iri na 2.
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Shreveport-Bossier City, LouisianaYankin Metro na garin Shreveport-Bossier City a Louisiana ya sami kashi 75,24 daga WalletHub, ya sa su a matsayi na biyu a kan jerin "manyan birane".
Wannan yankin metro ya kasance na biyar a cikin yawan yawan manya babba, kuma an ɗaure shi na farko a cikin yawan manya suna cin abinci fiye da guda ɗaya na 'ya'yan itatuwa da / ko kayan lambu a kowace rana.
Amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari yana da mahimmanci, saboda binciken ya nuna cewa mafi girma ga cin abinci da dukkan kayan lambu, da rage yawan kiba da sauran cututtuka kamar cututtukan zuciya da ciwon daji.
Dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari (tare da girmamawa a kan "dukan" - ba na magana game da bishiya a nan) yana dauke da nauyin fiber, bitamin, antioxidants, da sauran kayan da ke jikinka. Nazarin ya nuna cewa, saboda yawancin wadannan abubuwan gina jiki, cinye dukkan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu zasu iya rage ƙananan ƙumburi a jikinka. An nuna cin abinci da kayan lambu don inganta aikin jinin (wanda aka sani da aikin endothelial).
Cin abinci da kayan lambu ba abu ne maras muhimmanci ba; a gaskiya, yana da muhimmanci ga rayuwa. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta kiyasta cewa kimanin miliyan 1.7, ko 2.8%, na mutuwa a dukan duniya za a iya dangana da cinye 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari kaɗan!
WHO ta kara kiyasta cewa rashin cin abinci da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu ya kai kimanin kashi 14 cikin dari na mutuwar saboda ciwon gastrointestinal, 11% na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da kuma 9% na mutuwar bugun jini.
Bugu da ƙari, bincike ya nuna cewa cin abinci guda uku zuwa biyar na 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari a kowace rana zai rage hadarin ciwon bugun jini, kuma cin abinci fiye da sau biyar a kowace rana zai rage wannan hadarin har ma fiye. A cikin wata hanya mai yawa, yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari da kuke ci, ƙananan haɗarin ku. Kyakkyawan dawowa akan kuɗin ku.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da kayan marmari sun hada da abinci mai ƙananan calories. Rahoton WHO ya bayyana cewa akwai tabbacin shaida cewa cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu yana rage haɗari ga kiba. Idan aka kwatanta da abinci mai yawan yawan kalori irin su abinci mai sarrafawa da sukayi girma a sukari da mai, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari ba su iya taimakawa wajen kiba ko ƙima. Kuma, saboda suna dauke da fiber na abinci da sauran kayan gina jiki, suna haɗuwa da ƙananan haɗari ga ciwon sukari da kuma insulin juriya . Don dalilai guda ɗaya, suna kuma sa mutane su ji cike da adadin kuzari kaɗan, don haka zai taimaka wajen hana karbar kayan karba.
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Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IndianaTa hanyar haɗuwa da dalilai, yankin metro wanda ya kasance na uku a jerin takardun WalletHub mafi yawan ƙananan metro sune Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, tare da kashi 73.88. Binciken WalletHub ya ƙunshi nauyin nauyin nauyin nau'i a fadin ma'auni kamar "fatalwa mai fatalwa," "matsalolin kiwon lafiyar lafiyar" da "yanayin lafiya," don suna amma kaɗan.
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Jackson, MississippiJackson ya kasance na hudu a jerin WalletHub, tare da jimlar 73.75. Wannan yankin metro ya kasance na uku a cikin yawan ƙananan manya da kuma yawan yawan marasa lafiyar jiki.
Jackson ya kasance na biyar a cikin yawan manya da ke cin abinci fiye da ɗaya daga 'ya'yan itatuwa da / ko kayan lambu a kowace rana.
Hakanan ma an kafa dangantakar tsakanin rashin aiki na jiki da kiba. Yawancin shawarwari na kasa da na duniya sun bada shawarar samun akalla minti 150 na aikin motsa jiki a kowane mako. Wannan zai iya fassara cikin minti 30 na aikin motsa jiki mai tsanani sau biyar a kowace mako, alal misali. Kuma bincike ya haifar da amfanin lafiyar motsa jiki na tsawon minti 30: a cikin Nurses 'Health Study, alal misali, waɗanda suka yi tafiya briskly ko kuma sun cimma aikin motsa jiki na tsawon minti 30 a kowace rana suna da mummunan haɗari na kwatsam. mutuwar zuciya a cikin shekaru 26 da biyo baya.
Menene lamarin ya zama aikin motsa jiki mai zurfi? Ayyuka na jiki irin su aikin lambu na yau da kullum , tafiya na brisk, yin rawa a cikin launi, kuma daidai ya fada cikin jinsin aikin motsa jiki.
Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga Ayyukan Ayyukan Kasuwanci na Amirkawa daga Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya na Amurka (HHS), samun kimanin sa'a daya da mintina 15 na aikin motsa jiki na mako-mako zai iya haɗuwa da yawancin aikin da aka ba da shawarar. Ayyukan motsa jiki na ciki sun hada da abubuwa na jiki kamar hawa motsa jiki, motsa keke a ko sama da mil goma a kowace awa, yin iyo mai sauri, gudana, kayan gargajiya, da kwarewa ko tsalle-tsalle, da sauransu.
Hanyoyin HHS sun lura cewa ƙarin amfanin kiwon lafiya za a iya samuwa ta hanyar ƙara yawan aikin jiki na tsaka-tsaka zuwa akalla sa'o'i biyar a kowace mako, ko kuma kara ƙarfin motsa jiki mai tsanani ga akalla 2 1/2 hours a mako daya.
Wadannan jagororin sun bada shawarar yin aiki a cikin ƙarfin motsa jiki a kalla kwana biyu a kowane mako. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ginawa da kuma riƙe kasusuwa masu karfi, don dacewar jiki, da kuma kara yawan ƙwayar tsoka-wanda ya taimaka wajen magance kiba.
Sharuɗɗan kuma sun lura cewa "kowane nau'i na aikin jiki ya fi kyau fiye da yin kome ba ... ko da yin motsa jiki a minti 10." Kuma wannan ya nuna cewa yin burin ci gaba a motsawa kamar yadda zai yiwu a ko'ina cikin rana shine maɓalli ga lafiya mafi kyau da jin dadi a kan dogon lokaci.
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New Orleans-Metairie, LouisianaZuwa zagaye na biyar shine New Orleans-Metairie metro na Louisiana, tare da kashi 72.94. Wakilan na WalletHub sun sami wannan yanki don kasancewa cikin taye na farko a cikin yawan manya da ke cin abinci fiye da ɗayan 'ya'yan itatuwa da / ko kayan lambu a kowace rana.
Kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar martaba a sama, yayin da dukkanin al'umma (kuma, a gaskiya, duniya) ke fama da annoba na ƙari, ba duk yankuna suna da tasiri ba. Musamman, bisa ga rahoton musamman na Trust ga lafiyar Amurka da kuma Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, yayin da yawan ƙudan zuma ya karu a cikin dukan kabilanci da launin fatar, wasu kungiyoyi sun shafar fiye da wasu.
Alal misali, a tsakanin manya na Amurka, waɗanda aka ba da rahoto ta hanyar asalin Black da Latino sun sami karuwar ƙananan kiba fiye da waɗanda aka ƙayyade suna White. Wannan gaskiya ne ga maza da mata a cikin wadannan kabilanci da launin fata.
Musamman, domin tsawon lokaci zuwa shekara ta 2011 zuwa 2012, yawan nauyin kiba ga dukan manya na Amurka yana da kashi 34.9%. Duk da haka, ragowar da aka yi tsakanin balagaggu baƙi ya kai 47.8%, kuma daga cikin Latino akwai 42.5%. Daga cikin manyan matasan, yawancin kuɗi ya kasance 32.6%.
Wadannan bambancin suna kara yawan ƙananan ƙananan yara , wadanda suka fi girma tsakanin yara Black da Latino fiye da yara White.
Rahoton ya ba da rahotanni da kuma hanyoyin da za a hana ƙin kiba da ke da alaƙa ga kowace kabila da kabilanci. Ga 'yan karamar Black, masu rubutun rahotanni sun lura cewa "samun damar yin amfani da abinci mai kyau da abinci mai tsabta don taimakawa ga yawan ƙananan kiba da cututtukan da ke cikin al'ummomin Black al'umma a Amurka."
A cikin al'ummomin Latino, rahoton ya lura da "yawan yawan yunwa da rashin tsaro da abinci" da kuma "iyakacin damar shiga wuraren tsaro don aikin jiki." Jama'ar Latino sun fuskanci "rashin adalci da samun dama ga kiwon lafiyar."
Rahoton ya kara da cewa "rashin daidaituwa a fannonin abubuwan da suka faru-samun kudin shiga, ginawa da kuma gidaje masu araha, samun dama ga ilimi mai kyau da sauransu-duk yana tasiri mutum damar samun rayuwa mafi tsawo."
Ta haka ne, magance wata hanya mai zurfi da haɗuwa da dalilai zai zama mahimmanci idan har yanzu za mu yi nasara da wannan annoba.
Sources :
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka. Sashen Gina Jiki, Ayyuka, da Kiba. Adult kiba gaskiya. Samun damar shiga yanar gizo a http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html
Bernardo R. 2016 ta Fattest Cities a Amurka. WalletHub. Samun damar shiga yanar gizo a https://wallethub.com/edu/fattest-cities-in-america/10532/
Rikicin ER. Yin magana akan nauyin ciwon sukari. JAMA 2014; 311: 2267-68.
Takardar bayani: inganta kayan abinci da kayan lambu a duniya. Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya.
Ottawa (ON): Hukumar Kanada ta Kwayoyin Kwayoyi da Kimiyya a Lafiya. Tsarin haɗin gwiwar da aka samu a kulawa na farko ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari: nazari na tasiri na asibiti. 2014 Yuni 25.
Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessmenet. Kulawa da abinci mai mahimmanci: nazari na yau da kullum. Stockholm: Yaren mutanen Sweden kan Hukumomin Kasuwancin Lafiya (SBU); 2013 Satumba
Shawarar E, King N, Levine JA, Ross R. Taimako game da aikin motsa jiki da kula da aikin. J Obes 2011; 2011: 358205. Afub 2011 Dec 18.
Ayyukan Ayyukan Kasuwanci ga Amirkawa. Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Jama'ar Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam. Samun shiga yanar gizo a http://www.health.gov/PAGuidelines/ ranar 12 ga Yuni, 2014.
Chiuve SE, Fung TT, Rexrode KM, Spiegelman D, et al. Biyan kuɗar da ƙananan haɗari, salon rayuwa mai kyau da kuma hadarin mutuwa ta kwakwalwa a cikin mata. JAMA 2011; 306: 62-69.
Jihar Ma'adinai: Kyawawan Sharuɗɗɗa don Amurka mai Ƙarfi. Rahoton musamman: launin fatar launin fatar da kabilanci a cikin kiba. Samun damar samun damar yanar gizo a http://stateofobesity.org/disparities/.