Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a fahimci ƙwarewar melanoma da kuma sakamakon dabarun magance shi shine karanta rahotonka na likitoci na melanoma, wanda aka aika wa likitan ka kuma ya ƙunshi bayanan da ya dace daidai da irin wannan cuta. Wannan shi ne ɓangare na jerin sassan da zasu taimake ka ka dage fasahar fasaha a cikin wadannan rahotanni.
Binciken asali
Idan an gano ciwon daji ko ƙwayar rai a lokacin jarrabawar fata , likitan ku na farko ko likitan binciken likita zai dauki wani samfurin biopsy don likita (likita wanda yake nazarin kwayoyin cutar da ruwaye don gano cutar don taimakawa wajen yin yanke shawara) don bincika a karkashin wani microscope.
Idan masanin ilimin likita ya samo kwayoyin cuta (cututtukan) a cikin biopsy, likitan lafiyarku na farko na iya yin umarni da wasu gwaje-gwaje - ƙumbadar ƙwayar cuta, jini, fitsari da kuma gwajin hoto - don gano ko cutar ta ci gaba da yaduwa. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje na taimaka wa mai ilimin lissafin nazarin wurin, yada, da kuma mataki na melanoma. Masanin ilimin likita yana tattaunawa da likitan lafiyarku na farko bayan nazarin sakamakon gwaji da kuma ƙayyade mataki na ciwon daji. Tare, suna ƙayyade hanyoyin da za su dace don yanayinka.
Mitotic Rate
Rahoton binciken ku ya ƙunshi bayanin, irin su ciwon tumo, matakin Clark , Breslow kauri , ulceration (yana faruwa a lokacin da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ragargaza ta hanyar fata) da kuma mota mota (MR).
Hakanan maɗaukaki mai mahimmanci yana daidaita tare da mafi kusantar samun ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar kututtukan ƙwayar maganin lymph.
An auna MR ta hanyar yin nazarin tumatir da aka cire (cirewa) da microscope kuma yana kirga yawan yawan kwayoyin dake nuna mitosis , siffar da za'a iya ganewa ta sauƙin rarraba kwayoyin halitta.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana rahoton MR daya daga cikin nau'i uku (ko da yake an rubuta shi a matsayin wani ci gaba, ba'a ƙidayar ba):
- kasa da 1 a kowace mita millimita
- 1 zuwa 4 a kowace mita millimita
- fiye da 4 a kowace mita millimita
Mafi girman yawan ƙididdigar miyagun ƙwayoyi, mafi yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar shine ƙaddara (watsa). Dalilin shi ne cewa mafi yawan kwayoyin suna rarraba, mafi kusantar su zubar da jinin ko kaya na jini kuma su yada a jikin jiki.
Binciken ya nuna cewa rashin lafiyar marasa lafiya da matakan da ke ciki da kuma mota na mita 0 a kowace mita millimita shi ne sau goma sha biyu na marasa lafiya da ƙananan mota fiye da 6 a kowace mita millimita. Har ila yau, kawai kashi 4 cikin dari na raunuka da low MR recur (dawo) idan aka kwatanta da 24% na wadanda ke da MR. Hakanan mota na iya taimakawa wajen hango ko hasadarin kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kullun zai kasance mai kyau ko a'a.
Shin Yarda MR Darajar?
Tun daga shekarun 1990s, yawancin bincike sun tabbatar da cewa mota ne mai mahimmanci ga ma'anar sakamako ga marasa lafiya tare da melanoma, ko da yake akwai rikice-rikicen har yanzu. Abubuwa biyu suna cikin muhawara: 1) MR ba tare da wasu dalilai masu ilimin ba? da 2) In ba haka ba, ana auna MR yana darajar lokaci da kudi?
Ko da yake MR ba shi da wani tasiri a cikin tsarin tsarin da ake ciki yanzu na melanoma, bincike ya nuna cewa yana da mahimmanci mahimmanci fiye da ulceration, wanda yana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaitawa. Wasu likitoci, duk da haka, sun yi imanin cewa matsalar mota ba wata hujja ce mai zaman kanta ba saboda tana da alaka da kututture (Breslow) da kauri. Alal misali, Cibiyar Nazarin Cibiyar Nazarin Halittar {asar Amirka ta bayar da hujjar cewa MR ya zama dole ne a cikin rahotannin bitar biopsy . A gefe guda, Cibiyar Ƙwararren Ciwon Kasa ta Kasa ta bada shawarar cewa ya kamata a bayar da rahoto ga MR don duk ciwon daji a mataki I zuwa II marasa lafiya.
Duk da haka, wasu masana sun yi jayayya cewa yin la'akari da MR ya kamata a yi kawai a manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya (jami'o'i) don dalilai na bincike na gaba. Idan ba a haɗa MR a cikin rahoton ku ba, to lallai ku tambayi likitanku game da tunaninsa.
Kammalawa
Ko da yaushe ka buƙaci kwafin rahotonka na pathology. Karanta shi kuma ka tambayi likitanka tambayoyi game da shi. Kada ku yi shakka don samun ra'ayi na biyu game da ganewar asali daga likita, kamar su dermatopathologist. Mawuyacin ilmi shine mai ba da haƙuri, kuma mai ba da karfi zai iya yin zabi mafi kyau wanda zai haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.
Karin bayani game da yadda za a kwatanta rahoton ku na Melanoma Pathology
Sources:
Melanoma. Ƙungiyar Cibiyar Cutar Cancer ta kasa. V1.2009.
Fahimtar Ciwon Magungunan Ciwon Daji: Skin Melanoma. College of American Pathologists.
Attis MG, Vollmer RT. "Hanyoyin mota a cikin melanoma: sake dubawa." Am J Clin Pathol 2007 127 (3), 380-4.
Barnhill RL, Katzen J, Spatz A, Fine J, Berwick M.. "Muhimmancin kuzarin mota kamar yadda ya kamata a gano ma'anar cututtuka." J Cutan Pathol 2005 32 268-273.