Binciken rikice-rikice na CT (CT) shine hanyar da aka saba amfani dasu don ɗaukar hotuna na kwakwalwa. Duk da yake hotunan ba su da matukar ƙuduri kamar yadda MRI ta duba, CT scans suna da sauri da kuma tsada farashin waɗanda suke da kyau musamman a gano manyan matsaloli kamar jini ko fractures a cikin kwanyar.
Kwararrun Neuroradiology
Don fahimtar yadda CT yayi aiki akan aiki, yana da muhimmanci a sake duba baya a cikin tarihin.
Asali, hanyar da za a iya ɗaukar hoton abin da ke cikin mutum shine ta amfani da X-ray. Harkokin X sune tasirin radiation wanda ake amfani da su zuwa daban-daban daga nau'in kyallen takarda. Alal misali, iska bata shawo kan kowane hasken x, yayin da kasusuwan ke shafar kima. Ta hanyar sanya fim a gaban magajin x-ray, zamu iya fahimtar adadin rawanin X da suka shiga cikin abu (a cikin shari'armu, shugaban), kuma amfani da wannan bayanin don yada wani abu game da yanayin an bincika nama.
Alal misali, saboda hasken X bazai wuce ta ƙananan kashi ba, ƙananan radiyoyin X zasu buga fim din idan kashi yana tsakanin rayukan X-ray da fim. A wannan yanayin, fim zai zama fari a siffar kwanyar.
Ta yaya CT Scan Works?
An kirkiro hotunan injiniya daga fasahar X-ray, kuma yawancin ka'idodi iri daya ne. A CT, maimakon ɗauka guda daya daga cikin mai haƙuri, zane-zane X yana juya a kai a kai a matakan daban.
Shafin X-ray yana tattare da kwamfutar don ƙirƙirar hotunan hotunan da suka yi kama da kwakwalwar da aka yanka shi kamar ɗan gurasa. Hanyoyin farawa a saman kwakwalwa kuma suna aiki zuwa tushe na kwanyar, yana nuna nau'o'in abubuwa irin su nama mai laushi, ruwa, kashi, da iska.
Kamar X-ray na al'ada, ƙwayoyi masu yawa suna bayyana a launi a kan CT scan kuma ake kira hyperdensities. Yankunan duhu, da bambanci, ake kira hypodensities. Alal misali, ƙashi yana bayyana haske mai haske a kan CT scan, kuma ruwan sanyi na bakin ciki ya bayyana duhu. Kwaƙwalwar ta bayyana a cikin tabarau na launin toka.
Ta yaya Abun-ciki ya bayyana a CT Scan
CT scan zai iya gano matsaloli daban-daban a cikin kwanyar.
- CT maganin jini yana da amfani sosai wajen gano jini inda ba ta ciki ba. Cutar da ke cikin kwayar cutar ta jiki ta kusan kusan nan take, ta zama mai zurfi saboda haka yana haskakawa a kan CT. Daga ƙarshe, kasusuwan ya rushe jikin, ya zama daidai kamar kwakwalwa bayan kimanin mako daya, sa'an nan kuma ya bayyana duhu bayan makonni biyu zuwa uku.
- Ischemic Stroke Ba kamar yaduwar jini ba, kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta, ba a iya ganowa ba a kan CT scan. Bayan kimanin sa'o'i uku, alamun ƙwarewa na CT za su iya amfana da alamun da ba su da kyau, kuma bayan sa'o'i 6 zuwa 12, mai tsabta zai iya bayyana a fili. Wannan nau'in zai zama duhu da lokaci yayin da kwakwalwar jiki ta sake farawa kuma an maye gurbinsu ta ruwan sanyi .
- Tumors suna da bambancin bayyanuwa akan CT scan dangane da irin ciwon sukari da kuma yadda ciwon daji ya fara. Wasu ciwace-ciwacen suna da lissafi wanda yake haskakawa, wasu kuma suna samar da hypodense, nau'in haya mai cika da ruwa. Dye bambanci mai ban sha'awa zai iya zama da amfani a gano magungunan ciwon daji a kan CT scan.
- Kuskuren Ƙaramin ƙwayar cuta shine kamuwa da cuta cewa tsarin na rigakafi ya ƙaddara a matsayin hanyar rufe shi daga sauran jiki. Yawancin lokaci yawanci suna bayyana siffar fuka-fukai, kuma tare da bambanci, ragowar wuri zai iya bayyanawa haske.
- Tsarin Ayyuka Lokacin da matsa lamba ke kafa bayan ɓangare na kwakwalwa, zai iya motsawa da kuma matsawa ga mahimman hanyoyi, yana karkatar da yanayin kwakwalwa ta al'ada. A kan CT scan, za a iya ganin wannan tasirin tasiri a matsayin matsala na al'ada kamar tsarin ventricles ko sulci.
Ƙarin aikace-aikacen Neurological na CT Scans
Ana iya haɗa nauyin CT tare da wasu fasahohi domin ya bincikar wasu sassan ɓangaren tsarin.
Alal misali, don samun ƙarin hoto na jini a cikin kwakwalwa, za'a iya yin CT angiogram . A cikin wannan binciken, bambanci yana isar da shi a cikin arteries domin ya haskaka tasoshin kwakwalwa. Wannan yana da amfani ga gano magunguna da sauran nakasar daji.
Za a iya amfani da hanzari na CT don bincika sararin samaniya a cikin spine. Don yin wannan, yatsa bambanci mai yatsa ya shiga cikin wuri ta hanyar lumbar. Wannan zai iya zama da amfani wajen neman tushen jijiya ko maganin layi.
Binciken na CT na cigaba da sake yada jita-jita a cikin arteries, amma a wannan lokaci, bambanci yana biye a ainihin lokacin yayin tafiya ta cikin kwakwalwa. Wannan wata hanya ne da ake amfani dasu a wasu lokuta don bincika aikin jirgi na jini kafin a samu jiyya na cututtuka mai tsanani.
Idan aka yi kyau, CT scans zai iya zama da muhimmanci cikin bincike na cututtuka na cutar, musamman ma a cikin saitunan gaggawa.
Sources:
Blumenfeld H, Neuroanatomy ta hanyar Cutar Clinical. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002.
Robert I. Grossman da David M. Yousem. Neuroradiology: The Requisites 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2003.