Gwajin gwajin gwaji na taimakawa tare da jijiyoyin jiki da kuma maganin tsoka
Bayanan Electromayography (EMG) da kuma nazarin motsa jiki (NCS) sune kayan aikin bincike masu mahimmanci wanda ke taimaka wa masu bincike na bincike su gano da ƙaddamar da cututtuka da suka shafi tsokoki da jijiyoyi. A EMG, an sanya ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙanƙara a cikin tsoka don auna aikin lantarki. A cikin nazarin motsa jiki na kwakwalwa, ana sanya nau'ikan lantarki a kan fata da ke ciwo da jijiyar, kuma sauran ƙirar rikodi suna a haɗe a wani batu dabam a kan irin wannan ciwon.
Ana amfani da ƙananan girgiza, kuma an rubuta tasirin lantarki.
Yayinda EMG da NCS suke gwaje-gwajen daban-daban, ana amfani da su sau da yawa saboda bayanin da aka samu daga kowane gwaji yana da kyauta. Dukkanin gwaje-gwaje guda biyu sun kasance mafi muni fiye da yadda aka yi amfani dashi kadai, sai dai a wasu yanayi.
Sanin abubuwan NCS
Sigin na lantarki da aka aika tare da gajiya na jijiyar ana kiransa aiki mai yiwuwa. A cikin nazarin motsa jiki, waɗannan halayen aiki suna samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar wutar lantarki don tantance yadda za a mayar da marton.
Akwai kashi biyu na babban nau'i na nazarin binciken ƙwayoyin motsa jiki da motsa jiki. Yin rikodin daga jijiyar jiki na jiki yana ba da damar ƙwarewar jiki (SNAP), kuma rikodi daga tsoka yana haifar da samfurin muscle (CMAP).
Wasu kalmomi da za ku iya haɗu a cikin rahoton EMG ko NCS sun haɗa da haka:
- Ƙarin : Sigin na lantarki yana wakiltar a matsayin mai ruwa, kuma amplitude yana da tsawo.
- Jigilar motsa jiki (CV): Jigilar motsa jiki ya bayyana gudun da wutar lantarki ke tafiya tare da jijiya.
- Duration: Wannan ya bayyana nisa na motsin lantarki.
- Rashin ƙaddamarwa: Wannan shi ne ragowar siginar a cikin yanki na yanki irin su wuyan hannu. Wannan yana nuna ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, kamar yadda yake a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar motsi .
- F reflex: Turi na F shine nau'in ƙirar lantarki, wanda motsin yake tafiya zuwa kashin baya sannan ya koma tare da wannan fiber. Hakanan yana ba da ma'ana na motsa jiki tare da tsawon tsawon ƙwayar motar.
- H huxu: Hukan H shine mai dacewa da wutar lantarki a cikin kafa. Hanyoyin motsa jiki suna tafiya zuwa kashin baya ta hanyar jijiyar jijiyar jiki, sa'an nan kuma ya koma tare da hawan mota.
Wadannan matakan suna ba da bayani game da matakan motsa jiki da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da su na jiki . Sun kuma bayar da shawarar ko yaduwar cutar da jijiyoyin na jijiyoyin na jijiyoyin da ke cikin jijiyoyin ta jijiyar da su ta hanyar neuropathy. Myelin yana taimakawa wajen yin aiki da sauri, don haka a cikin matsaloli na myelin (myelinopathies), an rage yawan gudu. A cikin matsalolin da axon (axonopathies), ƙwayoyin da suke cikin layi suna iya gudanar da sigina a cikin hanzari na al'ada, amma akwai ƙananan fibers, wanda zai haifar da siginar raunana da rageccen ƙarfi.
Fahimtar sakamakon EMG
Lokacin da aka yi EMG, ana yin amfani da wutar lantarki daga ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin tsohuwar jiki kuma an nuna su a matsayin raƙuman ruwa a kan allon da kuma alamar da aka buga a kan mai magana. Kwararren suna sauraron waɗannan sauti kuma suna kallo da dubawa don gano abubuwan da ba su da kyau.
Yayin da jijiyar ta haifar da tsoka don kwangila, sakamakon shine taƙaitaccen aiki na lantarki da ake kira aiki na motar mota (MUP).
A cikin cututtuka na jijiyoyi na jijiyoyin jiki, wasu lokuta sukan fara samun aiyukan ba da kansu ba. Ana iya gane wannan ta hanyar EMG a matsayin fibrillations da magungunan ruwa mai kyau akan saka idanu. Wani lokaci abnormality ya haifar da tsofaffin ƙwayoyin tsoka da ake kira fasculations.
Idan jijiyar ta ji rauni sai kuma ta sake ta, jijiyar tana karewa don haɗuwa don haɗawa da yanki mafi girma. Wannan yana haifar da manyan MUPs. Idan MUPs suna da ƙananan ƙananan ko taƙaitaccen abu yana nuna kasancewa da wata cuta na tsoka (maganin myopathy).
Likitocin fassara ma'anar EMG na iya ƙididdige kalmar "ƙirar daukar hoto." Yayin da aka ƙulla tsoka, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin suna kara karin ƙararrakin tsoka (da ake kira motar motar) don shiga cikin kuma taimakawa.
A cikin cutar neuropathic, amplitude na daban-daban mota motsi yana da karfi, amma akwai m daga gare su, saboda ciwon ba zai iya haɗa zuwa da yawa raka'a. A cikin myopathies, adadin raƙuman motsi na al'ada ne, amma amplitude ya karami.
Hanya na fitarwa na lantarki daga tsoka zai iya ba da ƙarin bayani game da matsalar, kuma zai iya taimakawa wajen tantance lokacin da matsala ta kasance.
Ma'anar EMG da NCSs ba koyaushe ba sau da sauƙi kuma bazai jagoranci kai tsaye ba sau ɗaya kawai-amma gwaje-gwaje na iya rage yawan yiwuwar bincike.
Sources:
Alport AR, Sander HW, Hanyar Bincike zuwa Tsakanin Neuropathy: Yanayin Harkokin Abinci da Gwajin Kwance. Ci gaba; Volume 18, Nu 1, Fabrairu 2012.
> Blumenfeld H. Neuroanatomy Ta hanyar Harkokin Cutar . Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc. Masu bugawa; 2014.