Ana iya samuwa da kwayoyi masu yawa a cikin kaya da yawa da suka hada da abincin da ake ci da abinci, abincin da abin sha, har ma da kayayyakin kayan fata. Da aka sani da kwayoyin da ke amfani da kwayoyin cutar, kwayoyin halitta sun yi kira ga wadanda ke da sha'awar jin dadin lafiyar su ta hanyar inganta furotin na intestinal. A gaskiya, a 2013 an kiyasta kasuwar duniya na masana'antar kwayoyin a kimanin dala biliyan 32, yawan tasowa wanda ake tsammani zai hau zuwa dala biliyan 52 ta hanyar 2022.
A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), an bayyana magungunan cewa "rayayyun halittu masu rai ne wadanda suke yin amfani da su wajen ingantaccen kiwon lafiya." Mafi yawan lokuta, ana amfani da maganin probiotics don inganta ko inganta ciwon cututtuka na narkewa. Amma tare da gano yadda yaduwar guttuwarmu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasu yanayi na kiwon lafiya, mutane da yawa sun juya zuwa ga masu maganin rigakafi a cikin fata na magance duk wani abu daga allergies zuwa autism.
Don taimaka maka ka zama mai ilmi, ana iya sanin gaskiyar abubuwa game da kwayoyin halitta.
Nau'o'in Kwayoyin Bazufai Da aka samo a cikin Probiotics Tuni Ya kasance a cikin Kankinku
Musamman kwayoyin halittu sun fi jikin jikin mu 10: 1 kuma mafi yawancin wadannan ana samuwa a cikin tsarin narkewa. A gaskiya ma, akwai ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa da suke zaune a cikin dinku. A halin yanzu, kimiyya ta gano fiye da nau'in jinsuna 400 na wadannan kwayoyin.
Duk da yake akwai sauran abubuwan da za a koya, bincike ya riga ya kawar da labarin cewa duk kwayoyin cutar suna da illa ga jiki.
Maimakon haka, yanzu mun san cewa kwayoyin suna taimakawa jikinmu yadda ya dace. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ayyuka sun hada da taimaka wa narkewa, fadawa kwayoyin cuta, da samar da bitamin. Mun kuma san cewa an gano kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta a cikin sashin kuma sun riga su aiki don kiyaye mu lafiya ba tare da amfani da wasu samfurori na kwayoyin halitta ba.
Abun magunguna ba sa buƙatar amincewar FDA
Yana iya zama abin mamakin sanin cewa Abinci da Drug Administration ba shi da wani mahimman bayani game da probiotics kuma ba a buƙatar yarda ba kafin a saka kasuwa a kasuwa. Maimakon haka, tsarin tsarin FDA na probiotics ya dogara da irin samfurin da aka sayar - ko dai a matsayin abincin abincin abinci ko a matsayin abincin abinci.
Ana sayar da kwayoyi a matsayin kariyar abincin abinci kamar dai foda, pill, capsule ko ruwa. A hakikanin gaskiya, akwai ƙarin kariyar probiotic 100 a cikin kasuwancin. Abincin abinci na abinci bazai buƙatar amincewar FDA ba. An yarda su a kasuwar idan dai tallar su ta ƙunshi kawai yadda ƙarin ya shafi tsarin ko aiki na jiki kuma ya hana yin ƙididdigewa musamman cewa samfurin ya rage hadarin cutar. Bugu da ƙari, abin da ake ci na abinci zai iya yin maganganu game da aminci da tasiri ba tare da FDA ta gwada su da farko ba.
Yayin da ake daukar kwayar cutar abinci mai saukin abinci, ainihin abin da FDA ke mayar da hankali shi ne, shin sashi zai kasance a ƙarƙashin sashin layi na "GRAS" ma'anar "ana ganin shi a matsayin lafiya." Tun da masana'antun kasuwanci sun kasance daidai ne ko kuma irin kwayoyin da suka rigaya Rayuwan ku, yawancin likitocin sun yarda da cewa don lafiyar mutanen da suke da lafiyar su kullum.
Duk da haka, ga wadanda suke da alamun da ke da alaƙa irin su tsarin rashin tsaro , matsaloli mai tsanani da suka danganci amfani da su sunyi rahoton wani lokaci.
Duk da haka, yawancin masu yawan maganin da aka samu a kasuwar Amurka ba a gwada su ko kuma sun amince da su ba.
Kwayoyin maganin ba su daya ba-fits-All
Kwayoyin maganin su ne kwayoyin halitta da ake tsammani zasu iya zama lafiya ga lafiyarmu. Wadannan microorganisms yawanci kwayoyin amma zai iya hada da yeasts. Kwayoyin biyu mafi yawan kwayoyin da aka samo a cikin samfurori sune Bifidobacterium da Lactobacillus , amma akwai wasu nau'ikan kwayoyin da ake dauke da kwayoyin halitta.
Ana rarraba kwayoyin halitta a cikin rukuni tare da kowane rukuni wanda yake dauke da nau'in jinsuna da kowace jinsin da take dauke da nau'i mai yawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda kowane nau'i yana aiki daban a cikin jiki kuma zai iya zama da amfani ga dalilai daban-daban. Masu bincike suna ci gaba da nazarin abin da ya kamata a yi amfani da saurin kwayar cutar don lafiyar cutar ko cutar.
Tun da ba a daidaita tsarin maganin rigakafi ba, nau'ukan da ke dauke da irin wannan nau'in suna iya bambanta sosai. Kowane samfurin yana da mahimmanci kuma yana iya ko bazai da amfani ga manufar da aka nufa.
Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don maganin masu rigakafi
Yawancin bincike an riga an yi amfani da su don maganin rigakafi, musamman ma a yanayin kiwon lafiya. Duk da yake wasu binciken sun nuna cewa probiotics na iya zama da amfani a matsayin ƙarin ga likita na yanayin narkewa, sauran bincike bai kasance cikakke ba.
Ɗaya daga cikin wuraren bincike na bincike shine ko masu bincike suna taimakawa wajen gudanar da alamun bayyanar cututtukan da ke hade da IBS (ciwo mai jiji) . Kwararrun masarufi daga duka Amurka da Turai suna cewa akwai dalili mai kyau don me yasa maganin mai yiwuwa zai iya aiki a IBS. Wannan an ce, bincike-bincike na tsawon lokaci na nazarin binciken da yawa ba su nuna alamun kwayar cutar ba fiye da placebo bayan watanni 6. Ka tuna cewa waɗannan nazarin sun sake nazari akan ƙananan karatu saboda haka akwai yawancin canje-canje waɗanda suka shiga wasa.
Wani yanki wanda aka nazari ya kasance ko masu bincike zasu iya taka rawa wajen hana cututtukan da ake amfani dashi ko amfani da cututtuka, irin su c-bambanta (cututtuka na kwayar cutar da ke haifar da cututtuka mai tsanani kuma yana faruwa a waɗanda aka kwantar da su ko kuma suna da daukan maganin maganin rigakafi don sauran cututtuka). Tun da an san maganin rigakafi don kashe kwayoyin kirki da na mummunan fata, begen yana da cewa maganin kwayoyin halitta zai iya sake cika kwayoyin da ke amfani da kwayoyin da suka rasa yayin da maganin cututtuka ya zama dole.
A gaskiya, a wata kasida da aka wallafa a cikin Jarida ta Amirka ta Cibiyar Inganta Cutar Inuwa , an bayar da rahoton cewa daga shekara ta 2006-2012, kashi 96 cikin dari na asibitoci 145 da aka bincike a Amurka sun bayar da maganin marasa lafiya ga marasa lafiyar da fatan sun hana wadannan rikice-rikice. Duk da haka, a cikin binciken da aka bazu a cikin baƙi, masu bincike sun gano cewa maganin da aka ba su ba su da tasiri fiye da yadda suke magance cututtukan da aka danganta da waɗannan yanayi.
A wasu lokuta, wasu nazarin sun kammala cewa amfani da kwayoyin halitta zai iya rage haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan kwayoyin cutar ta kashi 50-60 bisa dari idan an haɗa su da maganin maganin rigakafin kwayoyi - tare da maganganun da suka fi dacewa su zama Saccharomyces boulardii (yisti) da Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG . Bugu da ƙari, ƙarin bincike yana buƙatar tun lokacin da binciken binciken da yawa bai ba da sakamako mai mahimmanci ko ma'ana wanda ya tabbatar da rawar da masu tsinkaye suke yi ba.
An kuma nazarin magunguna akan rawar da suke takawa a wasu lokuta masu yawa dangane da fahimtarmu game da yadda rashin daidaituwa ga kwayoyin kirki da mummunan cikin jiki zasu iya danganta su da lafiyar lafiya. Wasu daga cikin sharuɗɗan da suka shafi binciken sun hada da cututtukan fata, cututtukan hankali, rashin ciwo da fuka, ƙananan yara da kuma cututtuka na numfashi, matsalolin barci, fibromyalgia, haɗin gwiwa, rashin haƙuri na lactose, da kuma duk wasu abubuwan da suka shafi asibiti da suka shafi tsarin rigakafi da rigakafin kamuwa da cuta . Wadannan nazarin sun kasance masu iyakancewa ba tare da wata hujja ta tabbatar da amfani da kwayoyin maganin ba.
Sources:
Kwalejin Amirka na Gastroenterology - Magunguna don maganin Kwayoyin Gastrointestinal Adult.
Cibiyar Kasa ta Kasa ta Kasuwanci ta Harkokin Kasuwanci. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics/introduction.htm
Degnan FH. Cibiyar Abinci da Drugta ta Amirka da kuma maganin maganin maganin gargajiya: ƙayyadaddun tsari. Ƙungiyar Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 1; 46 Gida 2: S133-6; tattaunawa S144-51. Doi: 10.1086 / 523324.
Yi SH, Jernigan JA, McDonald L C. Yaduwar yawan amfani da kwayoyin halitta tsakanin masu shan magani: Nazarin fasalin binciken asibitoci 145 na Amurka. American Journal of Infection. An buga shi a kan layi: Janairu 25, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.001
Sanders ME, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Salminen S, Merenstein DJ, Gibson GR, Petschow BW, Nieuwdorp M, Trancredi DJ, Cifelli CJ, Jacques P, Pot B. Probiotics, da kuma prebiotics: al'amurra na kiwon lafiya jama'a da kuma abinci mai kyau. Ann NY Acad Sci . 2014 Feb: 1309: 19-29. Doi: 10.1111 / nyas.12377