Ana yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje na jini da tsalle, x-haskoki, da kuma hanyoyin endoscopic
Lokacin da ake zargi da jinin cututtukan zuciya (IBD) dangane da bayyanar cututtuka da tarihin, ana iya amfani da jerin gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da ganewar asali. A wasu lokuta, za a iya ɗaukarda IBD, amma sauran dalilai na bayyanar cututtuka dole ne a fara fitar da su ta farko ta gwajin gwaji. A wasu lokuta inda IBD shine ƙwarewar aiki, zai iya zama da wuya a gane irin nau'in IBD (ko cutar Crohn ko ulcerative colitis).
Ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, ko jiran jirage, za a iya amfani da su don taimakawa wajen rarrabe irin nauyin na IBD.
IBD cututtuka
Abinda ya kamata a farko wajen gane samfurin na IBD shine alamun bayyanar:
- Ƙara cutar zazzaɓi
- Jinin jini da / ko gamsuwa a cikin tarin (mafi yawancin tare da ulcerative colitis fiye da cutar Crohn)
- Fever
- Abun ciki na ciki
Duk da haka, wasu daga cikin wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya kasancewa tare da kamuwa da cuta na parasitic, diverticulitis , cutar celiac , ciwon daji , ko wasu yanayi maras kyau. Da wannan a cikin zuciyarsa, IBD bazai zama wata cuta mai wuya wanda likitan gastroenterologist ke da shi a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka gano da shi (bambancin cututtuka da suka dace da cututtuka).
Gwajin jini
Na farko gwaje-gwajen da za a iya yi shi ne gwaje-gwaje na jini da gwaji, ciki har da:
- Ƙididdiga ta CBC zai iya haɗawa da ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin jinin jini (WBC) da kuma ƙwayar jinin jini (RBC) . Ƙididdigar WBC mai girma na iya zama alamar cewa akwai ƙonewa a cikin jiki. Ƙididdigar RBC mai la'akari zai iya zama alamar cewa akwai zub da jini a cikin jiki (idan ba a bayyane daga jini a bayyane) ko ma nuna yawan jini da aka rasa idan aka kwatanta da matakin ƙimar RBC.
- Kwamitin lantarki yana auna matakan sodium, potassium, chloride, da carbon dioxide a jiki. Yannawa na yau da kullum zai iya haifar da waɗannan masu zafin jiki don samun matakan ƙananan ƙananan.
- Gwaran gwaje-gwaje na Lige (LFTs) auna alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, furotin duka, da kuma matakan bilirubin da kai tsaye. Matakan mawuyaci na iya haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki saboda ƙwayar gastrointestinal ba ta shawaɗɗo na gina jiki kamar yadda ya kamata.
- An yi amfani da gwajin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin halitta (wanda ake kira jarida guaiac ko gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya) don nazarin zane don jini wanda ba za a iya gani da ido ba. Za a iya gwada kwakwalwa don kasancewar kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta wanda zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.
Endoscopy da sauran Tests
Mai ilimin gastroenterologist na iya jiran sakamakon gwaje-gwajen kafin ya fara zuwa wasu gwaje-gwaje irin su radiology (X-rays) ko hanyoyin endoscopic (colonoscopy ko sigmoidoscopy). Idan bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance mai tsanani, kuma mai haƙuri yana cikin wahala ko mai tsanani, wani likitan gastroenterologist bazai jira ba kafin ya tsara ƙarin gwaje-gwajen, ciki har da:
- Rundunonin X-rayuka suna da sauri, marasa amfani, marasa haɗari, da kuma X-ray na ciki na iya nuna idan an kunna kunciyar, an hana shi, ko kuma ya ƙaddara.
- Barium enema (wanda ake kira jerin gastrointestinal ƙananan) shine nau'in X-ray na musamman da ke amfani da barium sulfate da iska don tsarawa da murfin ginin da kuma mallaka. Sakamakon zai iya nuna polyps, ciwon sukari, ko diverticulosis.
- Sashin jinsin haɓaka (babba na sama) shine nau'i na rahotannin X da ake amfani dasu don nazarin esophagus, ciki, da duodenum (sashi na farko na ƙananan hanji). Wani lokaci ana amfani dashi don bincika kananan hanji.
- Sigmoidoscopy hanya ce ta endoscopic da ake amfani dashi don bincika kashi na uku na babban hanji, wanda ya hada da dubun ginin da sigmoid colon. Wannan gwajin za a iya amfani dashi don bincika ciwon daji, ciwo mai mahimmanci (polyps), kumburi, da ulcers .
- Alamar takaddama ita ce hanyar endoscopic da ake amfani dashi don bincika ciki cikin mazaunin wanda zai iya wucewa wuraren da sigmoidoscopy zai iya isa. Bayanin rubutu yana da amfani a gano magungunan ciwon daji, ulcers, kumburi, da sauran matsalolin da ke cikin mallaka. Za a iya amfani da kwayoyin halittu a yayin da ake amfani da shi a yayin da aka bincikar su don nuna alamar ganewa.
- An yi amfani da maganin karshen endoscopy a cikin cikin esophagus, ciki, da duodenum (ɓangaren farko na ƙananan hanji). Ana iya amfani dashi don gano tushen haɗuwa da matsaloli, tashin zuciya, zubar da jini, reflux, zub da jini, rashin ciwo, zafi na ciki, ko zafi na kirji.
Dangane da bayyanar cututtuka da abin da ake zargi dalili na matsalar, haɗin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje na iya umarni.
Kowane gwajin yana da amfani da rashin amfani, kuma likita zai yi amfani da bayanan da aka tattara daga tarihin mai haƙuri (kamar tsananin da tsawon lokaci na bayyanar cututtuka da tarihin iyali ) don tsara gwaje-gwajen da zai fi dacewa wajen gano dalilin bayyanar cututtuka. Za a bincika sakamakon gwajin su don ganin idan sun dace tare da ganewar asali na nau'i na IBD, ko kuma idan akwai wata hanyar dalili.
A Note Daga
A wasu lokuta, yana iya ɗaukar lokaci don samun ganewar asali na IBD. Binciken ganewa yana samun sauri kamar yadda kayan aikin da ake amfani dashi don gano zancen IBD suna inganta kuma marasa lafiya da likitoci suna karuwa sosai game da yaduwar waɗannan cututtuka. Ga mutanen da suke jin daɗin cewa IBD yana da yiwuwar, ganin likitan na IBD na iya zama mafi kyawun hanya don warware samfurin da ya dace. Wannan yana nufin tafiya don ganin likita a cibiyar IBD kuma yiwu, biya bashin-sa. Babu daga cikin wadannan abubuwa masu ban sha'awa, amma samun samfurin ganewa daidai a lokaci mai dacewa don samun magani zai iya zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci wajen gudanarwa na IBD.
Sources :
Velayos F, Mahadevan, U. "Yadda aka gano IBD." Cibiyar Crohn da Colitis Foundation na Amurka 2008. 09 Apr 2008.
Cleveland Clinic. "Cututtuka na Flammatory Bowel." ClevelandClinic.org 2008. 09 Apr 2008.
Division na Gastroenterology. "Game da IBD." Jami'ar California, San Diego 2006. 09 Afrilu 2008.