Rage Rashin Ƙaddamar da Yanayin Rashin Ƙaddamar da Mutane
Ranar 26 ga watan Mayu, 2006, Cibiyar Abinci da Drugta ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince da maganin alurar rigakafin Zostavax don hana tsirrai da ta hanyar cutar ta hanyar cutar ta hanyar cutar sutura. Yayin da aka yarda da shi a farko don manya da shekaru 60 da haihuwa, ya ware wadanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV .
Wadannan shawarwarin sun sake yin bita a 2011 don sun hada da manya 50 da tsufa yayin da basu yin shawarwari game da amfani da wadanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV ba.
Zostavax ne mai zaman attenuated alurar, ma'ana cewa ya sanya tare da live, ya raunana cutar. Yana da kashi mafi girma daga maganin alurar riga kafi a kusan kusan 14 sauƙi. Bincike ya nuna cewa Zostavax na iya rage haɗarin shingles ta kashi 51 cikin dari, yayin da ya rage girman da tsawon lokaci na fashewa da kashi 67 cikin dari.
Dalilin Shingles
Shingles yana nuna mummunan raguwa da blisters wanda ya bayyana a cikin wani ɓangare ko sutura a gefe guda fuska ko jiki. Ana haifar shi ta hanyar sake farfadowa da cutar varicella zoster (VZV) a cikin tsofaffi wanda a baya yana da chickenpox.
Yayin da kwayar cutar ta kwance a kan ƙwayoyin jiki a kusa da kashin baya, zai iya haifar da tsautsayi lokacin da aka sake yin aiki. Rushewa yana ƙuntatawa ga wani tushen asali, wanda aka sani dashi, wanda rassan ya kasance a gefen hagu ko dama na jiki.
An kiyasta cewa daya daga cikin mutane uku a duniya zai inganta shingles a duk tsawon rayuwarsu.
A Amurka, fiye da miliyoyin lokuta ana rahoton kowace shekara. Har ila yau ana iya sanin hadarin shingles don karuwa a matsayin mutum mai shekaru, fiye da sau biyu daga shekara 65.
Shingles a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV
Canji na VZV zai iya faruwa a lokacin da kare lafiyar mutum ya zama ƙasa. Wannan zai iya faruwa a matsayin mutum amma kuma yayin da cutar ta HIV ta ƙare da kwayar cutar da ake kira CD4 T-cell .
Mafi yawan asarar T-cell, mafi girma ga hadarin shingles (musamman a matsayin ƙididdigar CD4 a ƙasa da 350). Har ila yau, kayan hawan hoto masu mahimmanci suna haɗuwa da haɗarin haɗari.
Yayinda kwayar cutar HIV ta raguwa da ƙwayar shingles ga mutanen da ke tare da kwayar cutar ta HIV ta kusan kashi uku, haɗarin ya kasance daidai da wadanda aka kai fiye da 65. Dukkanin sun fada, hadarin shingles tare da kwayar cutar HIV yana da sau goma fiye da na yawan jama'a.
Bugu da ƙari, kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV tana da alaƙa da rikice-rikicen shingles, ciki har da shingles masu rarraba (shafi uku ko fiye da dermatomes), shingles na idanu ko gabobin ciki, ko shingles dawowa a cikin watanni shida.
Binciken daga Jami'ar John Hopkins ya nuna cewa yawanci kashi 28 cikin dari na mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna iya samun irin waɗannan matsalolin.
Shawarwari ga mutanen dake dauke da kwayar cutar HIV
Yayinda FDA ba ta bayar da shawarwari game da amfani da Zostavax ba a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV (wanin su nuna cewa mutane da "tsarin kulawa marasa ƙarfi" ya kamata su guji shi). Akwai shaidu masu yawa a goyan bayan amfani da shi.
A shekarar 2012, masana kimiyya da tsararren AIDS AIDS Clinical Trials Group sun tabbatar da cewa Zostavax na da lafiya kuma yana da tasiri a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da CD4 marasa asarar 200.
Yayin da sakamakon ya ƙarfafawa, mutane da yawa sun damu da yawan maganin alurar riga kafi a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da CD4 a cikin 200. A matsayin maganin alurar rigakafi, akwai yiwuwar cewa ko da cutar ta raunana zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyar da ake nufi don hana shi.
Duk da yake Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ba ta bayar da shawarar Zostavax a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV ba, ra'ayi na asibiti yana nuna juyawa. Yawancin cututtuka masu cutar cututtuka sunyi amfani da Zostavax a cikin wadanda suka kamu da kwayar cutar kanjamau mai shekaru 50 da haihuwa wadanda suka ci gaba da daukar nauyin hoto na kwayoyin cuta da CD4 a kan 200. Haka kuma, mafi yawan sun yarda cewa Zostavax ba za a taba amfani dasu ba a cikin mutane da CD4 a karkashin 200 .
Ya kamata a kauce wa Zostavax a cikin mutane ba tare da tarihin kaza ba ko shaida na kwayoyin VZV. Ga wa] annan mutane, ba za a yi amfani da maganin alurar riga kafi kawai ba (irin su Varivax ko Varilrix).
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Abinci da Drug. "FDA ta amince da rigakafin Zostavax don hana shingles daga mutane 50 zuwa 59." Silver Spring, Maryland; bayar da Mayu 24, 2011.
> Blanks, L .; Polydefkis, M .; Moore, R. et al. "Harkokin Herpes tsakanin mutanen da ke zaune tare da kwayar cutar HIV a halin yanzu na maganin cutar antiretroviral." Rajistar Jirgin Ƙunƙasar Ƙaƙwalwar Lalacewa. Oktoba 1, 2012; 61 (2): 203-207. DOI: 10.1097 / QAI.0b013e318266cd3c.
> Benson, C .; Hua, L ;; Andersen, J; et al. "ZOSTAVAX na da lafiya kuma immunogenic a cikin kwayar cutar HIV + manya da aka lalata a kan ART: sakamakon > wani lokaci > 2, bazuwar, mutum biyu makafi, gwajin gwajin wuribo." Taro na 19 a kan Magungunan Tsarin Kasuwanci da Hanyoyi (CROI); Seattle, Washington; Maris 5-8, 2012; m 96.