Tsarin gwajin HIV
Jarabawar kwayar cutar HIV shine yawancin tsari. Na farko gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi shine yawanci gwajin ƙwarewa . An tsara gwaje-gwaje masu tasowa don gane yawan cututtuka na HIV da zai yiwu. Wannan jarrabawar farko ta biyo bayan daya ko fiye da wasu gwaje-gwajen musamman don yin watsi da yiwuwar yaduwar cutar HIV. A tarihi, yawancin gwajin da aka yi amfani dasu a gwajin gwaji shine jarrabawar gwaji ta yamma.
Duk da haka, akwai wasu gwaji masu tabbatarwa waɗanda za a iya amfani da su.
Yaya aikin gwaji na yammacin Turai yake?
Yayinda ake nuna gwaje-gwaje na yammacin Yammacin jini kamar immunoblots na gina jiki. Ana amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen don gano ƙwayoyin sunadarai a cikin samfurin. Sakamakon mahimmanci na Yammacin Yamma yana dauke da sunadarin sunadarai ta tsawon lokaci akan gel. Sa'an nan kuma an tsara wannan gizon tare da kwayoyin da ke amsawa ga wasu sunadaran da ake neman su.
Duk da haka, idan ana amfani da tsutsaran Yammacin gwajin HIV , ana aiwatar da wannan tsari a baya. A yadda aka saba, a gwajin gwaji na Yamma, an gano sunadarin sunadaran da ba a sani ba tare da kwayoyin da aka sani. Duk da haka, don gwajin HIV ta Yammacin Turai, masana kimiyya suna aiki tare da samfurori na sunadaran kwayar cutar HIV kuma suna duban idan akwai wasu kwayoyi a cikin jinin mutum wanda ya rataye su.
Yunkurin cutar HIV a Yammacin Turai ya saba wa magunguna game da wadannan kwayoyin cutar HIV:
- Sunadaran daga asibiti na HIV: gp41, da gp120 / gp160.
- Sunadaran daga ainihin cutar: p17, p24, p55
- Enzymes da HIV ke amfani dashi wajen kamuwa da cuta: p31, p51, p66
Domin a dauke mutum a matsayin kwayar cutar ta HIV, suna bukatar samun magunguna a kan daya daga cikin sunadaran envelope kuma daya daga cikin sunadarai masu mahimmanci, ko kuma akan daya daga cikin enzymes.
Idan mutum yana da kwayoyin da ke da alaka da hadewar sunadarai daban-daban, ana ganin la'akari da sakamakon su a matsayin wanda bai dace ba. Daidaita algorithm don bayyana sakamakon da ba shi da tabbacin ya bambanta ga kowane gwaji na Yammacin Turai. Kodayake, makasudin shine koyaushe don rage haɗari na gwajin gwaji mai banƙyama wanda ya taso wa wani ba tare da dalili ba.
Hanyoyin da aka sanyawa na Yammacin Turai na iya zama alamar sabon cutar HIV . Wadannan sakamako na gwajin zasu iya faruwa yayin da mutane suka kamu da su ko kamuwa da wasu magunguna , irin su HTLV . Yawanci, idan mutum da ke da kariya ta Yammacin Yammacin Yammacin HIV ya kamu da kwayar cutar HIV, jarrabawar su na yammacin Turai za ta zama tabbatacciya bayan karin lokaci ya wuce.
Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje na Yammacin azaman gwajin tabbatarwa maimakon mahimmancin gwaje-gwaje, tun da yake basu da mahimmanci fiye da gwaje-gwajen ELISA na farko ko gwajin gwaji na RNA . Wannan yana nufin sun kasance mafi kuskure su gano wani kamuwa da cuta. Duk da haka, gwaje-gwaje na blot na Turai ba su iya haifar da sakamakon gwajin gwagwarmaya idan aka yi amfani da su don tabbatar da gwaji mai kyau.
Idan An Bayyana Ka Shin Ka Ƙaddara Blot Test Blot
Da yake shaidawa cewa jarrabawar gwaje-gwaje a kasashen Turai ba ta da tabbacin zai iya zama matukar damuwa ga mutanen da ke gwajin gwajin HIV.
Akwai dalilai da dama wadanda basu da alaka da kamuwa da cutar HIV wanda zai iya haifar da hakan. Duk da haka, mutanen da ke da ƙananan yankunan yammacin Yammacinci suna shawarta su nemi maimaita gwaji, ko nan da nan ko bayan lokaci ya wuce.
Nan da nan ka sake dubawa don ganin ko akwai wani ɓarna a hanyar da aka yi amfani da shi na yamma. Sabanin haka, jiran wata ko fiye kafin jinkirta ya bada damar yin amfani da kwayoyin cutar ta hanyar rigakafin cutar ta HIV, idan sun kamu da kwayar cutar HIV.
Retesting sau da yawa za su warware wani gwajin gwaji na Yammacin ƙananan gwaji a cikin kyakkyawan sakamako ko mummunan sakamako .
Duk da haka, idan gwaje-gwajen da aka ci gaba da ci gaba da aika sakonni masu rikitarwa, likitoci na iya buƙatar canzawa zuwa yin amfani da wasu hanyoyi na ƙayyade ko kuna da cutar HIV. Babu gwajin kwayar cutar HIV kawai da ke cikin kowane hali.
Sources:
Guan M. Frequency, haddasawa, da kuma sabon kalubale na sakamako marasa tabbas a cikin Yammacin gwaji na tabbatarwa don maganin rigakafi ga cutar rashin lafiyar mutum. Clinic Immunol Clinic. 2007 Yuni; 14 (6): 649-59.
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> Pandori MW, Westheimer E, Gay C, Ms N, Fu J, Hightow-Weidman LB, Craw J, Hall L, Giancotti FR, Mak ML, Madayag C, Tsoi B, Louie B, Patel P, Owen SM, Peters PJ . Rikicin cutar HIV-1 / HIV-2 na Multispot yayi kama da na Yammacin Turai da kuma jarabawar rigakafi ta tabbatar da cutar HIV a binciken da ake yi a yankuna uku na Amurka. J Clin Virol. 2013 Dec; 58 Samar 1: e92-6. Doi: 10.1016 / j.jcv.2013.10.006.