Tunanin cewa kayan abinci mai ƙananan abinci, irin su wadanda aka ba da shawara ga shekarun da yawa daga Gwamnatin Amurka da Ƙungiyar Amirkancin Amirka (AHA), suna da tasiri a hana rigakafi na cututtukan zuciya a halin yanzu. A cikin shekarun da suka wuce, nazarin asibiti wanda aka rage yawan abincin mai ragewa zuwa kasa da kashi 25 cikin 100 na adadin kuzari yau da kullum bai nuna nuna amfani da cutar na zuciya ba.
Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, AHA ya yi watsi da shawarwarin cin abinci mara kyau.
Akwai, duk da haka, wani bambance mai ban mamaki ga shaidar da cewa abincin mai ƙananan bazai da tasiri a hana cututtukan zuciya - abincin Ornish. Abincin (Ornish) (da kuma irin abincin da ake ci) ba kawai ƙuntata ƙwayar abinci ba mai tsanani (zuwa kasa da kashi 10% na adadin kuzari yau da kullum) amma kuma yana buƙatar kowane ƙwayoyin da aka hade ta fito daga asalin shuka. A cikin duka wallafe-wallafen likita da kuma a cikin mashahuriyar mashahuri, ana nuna cin abinci na Ornish kamar yadda aka tabbatar da inganci don hana ci gaba da cututtukan cututtuka (CAD) har ma da yin gyare-gyare na hakika.
Shin gaskiya ne? Kodayake gaskiyar abincin mai maras lafiya ta AHA ya kasa hana atherosclerosis, shin aikin cin abincin na Ornish ne mai ƙyama?
Nazarin Ornish
Duk littattafai, shafukan yanar gizo, shafukan TV, jawabai, edita, takardun shaida, da dai sauransu, cewa duk tasirin abincin Ornish za a iya komawa gwajin gwaji guda ɗaya, jarrabawar Zuciya, ta gudanar a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990 na Dr Dean Ornish da ƙungiyarsa a California Pacific Medical Center a San Francisco.
Sun sanya marasa lafiya 48 (45 daga cikin su maza) da suka san CAD. Shafuka ashirin da takwas sun bazu zuwa wani shiri na musamman na canje-canje na rayuwa mai kyau wanda ya haɗa da ƙwayar mai-mai ƙuntatawa, cin abinci mai gina jiki na Ornish, tare da cessation na shan taba, tunani da gudanarwa, da tsarin aikin motsa jiki .
Sauran marasa lafiya 20, ƙungiyar kulawa, ba su karbi wannan tsarin jagorancin salon rayuwa ba. A lokacin tsawon shekaru biyar, marasa lafiya a cikin ƙungiyar binciken sun sami raunin zuciya fiye da wadanda ke cikin rukunin kulawa, kuma suna da kashi 3% a cikin girman nauyin maganin katakon maganin jini (kamar idan aka kwatanta da karuwa a plaque a cikin ƙungiyar kula).
Abin takaici ne kawai don la'akari da cewa an gina Ƙasar Ornish akan wannan karamin karamin. Ga wani abu, akwai marasa lafiya a lokacin wannan bincike, kuma an hana waɗannan marasa lafiya daga bincike. Yankewa suna da mahimmanci a kananan ƙananan karatu tun bayan asarar bayanai zasu iya tasiri sakamakon hakan. Ƙananan ƙananan binciken kuma ya haifar da bambance-bambance masu yawa tsakanin kungiyoyi biyu. Alal misali, ƙungiyar kulawa ta fi yawan ciwon cholesterol da LDL cholesterol kuma sun tsufa kuma sun fi girma fiye da ƙungiyar kulawa. Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan matsalolin na al'ada ne ga ƙananan gwaje-gwajen gwaji, kuma suna haifar da matsaloli masu mahimmanci wajen fassara bambancin sakamakon abubuwan da ke tsakanin kungiyoyi.
Mafi mahimmanci, ra'ayin da cewa abincin Ornish yana haifar da juyawa na atherosclerosis shine matsala.
Idan muka kwatanta sakamakon daga daban-daban na 2-D angles da aka yi a lokuta daban-daban (kamar yadda aka yi a cikin wannan binciken) ana shahara da ɓoye tun lokacin da bambance-bambance kaɗan a cikin kusurwar hotuna da aka yi rikodin zai iya haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin lissafi na girman allo. Koda koda wadannan ma'aunin sun kasance daidai-kuma sun kasance daga ainihin gano adadin kashi 3% a cikin nau'in adadi ba za a iya cika tare da kowane mataki na amincewa tare da duniyar 2-D ba. Wannan ƙayyadaddun ba shine laifin masu binciken ba - sababbin fasahohi ba su kasance a waɗannan kwanakin ba. (Suna wanzu a yau, ya kamata a sake maimaita nazarin Ornish.) Amma wannan ƙayyadaddun abu ne mai mahimmanci kuma yana kira zuwa gagarumar tambayar da yawancin maƙasudin da masu gabatarwa suka gabatar cewa abincin Ornish ya juyawa atherosclerosis.
Wadannan iyakokin ka'idoji zai sa ya zama matukar wuya ga binciken irin wannan har ma da za a yarda da shi don a buga shi a yau a cikin jaridar likitancin likita.
A ƙarshe, koda kuwa sakamakon binciken da aka yi na koyo na Ornish ya fita ya zama daidai, ba zai iya yiwuwa a nuna wani irin amfanin wannan ba musamman ga abincin Ornish. Wannan shi ne saboda sauran abubuwa uku da aka yi amfani da su ga ƙungiyar binciken (shan taba, gwaninta, da kuma aikin yau da kullum) duk an san su don inganta sakamakon zuciya a marasa lafiya tare da CAD. Sakamakon ingantaccen sakamakon da aka gani a cikin rukunin kulawa sune abubuwan da wadannan ayyukan uku suke bayarwa; duk wani amfanin daga abincin Ornish da kanta ba za a iya shawo kan wannan fitina ba.
Babu shakku cewa tsarin kula da salon salon rayuwa mai amfani ne a cikin marasa lafiya tare da CAD, kuma binciken koyon Ornish (wanda, bayan an kira shi jarrabawar Zuciya, kuma ba ƙwararren Ƙungiyar Ornish ba) ya yi amfani da canje-canje mai dadi. Amma musamman idan aka lura da rashin gazawar yawan kayan da ake amfani da shi don inganta sakamakon ƙwayar zuciya a wasu binciken, akwai tabbacin shakka game da yawancin abincin abin da ake ci na wannan binciken ya ba da gudummawar sakamako. Dole ne a buƙaci jarabawar gwaji na musamman don amsa wannan tambaya.
Layin Ƙasa
Bisa ga sakamakon binciken da aka yi a Ornish-ƙananan gwajin da aka bazu a kan abin da dukkanin sanannun sanannun game da abincin Ornish sun kasance tushen-ra'ayin cewa wani mai cin ganyayyaki mai cin ganyayyaki mai mahimmanci ya inganta CAD ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi. Amma wannan shi ne duk wani lamari maras kyau kuma ba gaskiyar hujja ba. Dole ne a tsara sabon binciken don ganin ko gaskiyar maganar gaskiya ce.
Kuma idan za ku bi abincin mai Ornish, ku kula da wannan man fetur .
> Sources:
Ornish D, Scherwitz L, Billings J, et al. Kyakkyawan salon rayuwa na canje-canje ga sauyawar cututtukan zuciya na zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya Tsarin shekaru biyar na jarrabawar Zuciya. JAMA 1998; 280: 2001-2007.