Sakamakon ƙwayar cutar lafiyar kwayar cutar
Definition
Myelosuppression an bayyana a matsayin ƙananan karfin ikon kasusuwa don samar da jini. Yana faruwa ne mafi yawanci tare da ciwon daji a matsayin sakamako na ƙarshe na chemotherapy , amma akwai wasu matsaloli.
Siffofin da aka shafi a cikin Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression zai iya haifar da raguwar samar da:
- Kwayoyin jini (RBCs)
- Kwayoyin Jinsin Fuka (WBCs)
- Platelets
Hematopoiesis, Bone Marrow, da Myelosuppression
Don fahimtar myelosuppression yana da taimako don magana game da aiki na karɓin kasusuwa. A cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, dukkanin jini-jini mai yad da jini, da jini mai launin jini, da kuma plalets-farawa da nau'in kwayar halitta guda ɗaya: sakon kwayoyin hematopoietic .
Hematopoietic stem kwayoyin suna da ikon samuwa cikin kowane irin jini jini. Wadannan kwayoyin sun sauko da hanyoyi daban-daban yayin da suka bambanta cikin kwayoyin jini, jini, da jini, sannan kuma a cikin ƙwayoyin da suka fi dacewa irin su nau'ukan jinsunan jinin. Amma duk suna farawa tare da kwayoyin sutura. Myelosuppression yana nufin wani tsari wanda ya rushe wadannan kwayoyin halitta, kuma. sabili da haka, yana shafar dukan nau'in jini. Kalmar myeloablation tana nufin ɓarna mai tsanani wanda ba'a yin jini.
Dalilin
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa wanda za'a iya rushe kasusuwan kasusuwa don kada ya samar da jini.
- Damage zuwa kwayoyin sutura - Mafi mahimmancin dalilin myelosuppression ne saboda magunguna wanda ya rage karfin da za'a iya haifar da kwayoyin halitta da ƙananan jikokin su raba da ninka. Dukkanin jinin jini muna ci gaba da ci gaba. Magunguna irin su kwayoyin cutar chemotherapy suna haifar da maye gurbin ɓarna mai ɓarna.
- Sauyawa na kasusuwan kasusuwan / juyayi - Kwayar kasusuwa na iya zama " tsutsawa " ta abubuwa kamar jini da ciwon jini ko ciwon daji don haka babu "dakin" don samar da jini.
- Raunin da aka yi wa lalacewa - Maimakon cike da kwayar cutar, ƙwayar magungunan da ƙwayoyin magunguna zasu iya halakar da su. Lokacin da wannan lamarin yake, dakatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba zai haifar da gabar kasusuwan sake yin aikin sa na jini ba.
Musamman Musamman na Myelosuppression
Tsarin aiki wanda zai iya haifar da myelosuppression sun hada da:
- Chemotherapy-haifar da ɓarna mai ɓarna . Chemotherapy yana kashe dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da sauri kamar kwayoyin cututtuka, ciki har da kwayoyin da suka zama dukkan nau'in jini.
- Ciwon daji na kasusuwa irin su leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma, ciwon daji na cin zarafi zuwa kasusuwan kasusuwa zai iya haifar da "tsallewa" don haka babu hanyar yin hematopoiesis.
- Yi amfani da cututtukan da ke dauke da jini a cikin kututture na kasusuwa, ana amfani da kwayar cutar chemotherapy sosai don kawar da kasusuwa. Lokacin da kasusuwa na kasusuwa ya "bayyana" wani sashi na kasusuwan kasusuwan jini ko sassan jiki na jini wanda aka sa shi ya sake yin amfani da shi tare da kwayoyin jini marasa jini.
Lalacewar ƙwayar jini
Yayin da kwayoyin halitta ba su girma da rabawa da kuma kwarewa a cikin nau'ikan jini na musamman (idan akwai raunin karfin jini ko mummuna) a cikin irin kwayoyin jini ake kira:
- Abun ciki - Anemia yana nufin raunin jini. Abun cutar zai iya haifar da gajiya, raunin jiki, farfadowa, ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya, rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, da kuma haske. Kwayar cutar ta hanyar jiyyar cutar sankara ta zama wata hanyar da ta sha wahala a lokacin chemotherapy.
- Leukopenia - Leukopenia tana nufin rashi na fararen jini. Tare da mutanen leukopenia suna fama da kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, saboda haka alamun cututtuka na iya zama alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su zazzabi, tari, da zafi tare da urination. Tare da ciwon daji, mafi yawancin mutane zasu ji labarin cutar neutropenia da aka yi da chemotherapy . Neutrophils su ne irin kwayar jinin jini wanda shine farkon mu na farko na tsaron gida kuma ya kamu da kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da fungi (kuma da kwayoyin cutar kanjamau).
- Thrombocytopenia - Thrombocytopenia tana nufin rashi na platelets. Ƙananan layin takalma na iya haifar da zubar da jinin jini. Kwayar cuta na thrombocytopenia zai iya zama matsala kamar yadda ake cewa neutropenia amma zai iya haifar da zub da jini mai tsanani a wasu mutane.
Shin Myelosuppression ne daidai da Immunosupression?
Mai yiwuwa ka yi mamaki idan immunosuppression da myelosuppression su ne guda. A yayin da ake yin maganin myelosuppression, an rage yawan jinin jini, saboda haka za a sami immunosuppression. Amma maganin rigakafi ba koyaushe yana nufin myelosuppression ba. Alal misali, magani (ko wani tsari) zai iya kawar da kwayoyin jinin fararen ko wasu sassa na tsarin na rigakafi, amma ba zai shafi jini ko jini ba.
Jiyya
Yin jiyya na myelosuppression zai ƙunshi yin la'akari da duk abin da dalilin myelosuppression ya faru. Idan alaka da kwayoyi ko chemotherapy, ana iya tsayawa ko jinkirta jiyya. Idan saboda sabunta kututtukan kasusuwa, da kuma jingina, maganin ciwon daji a cikin kasusuwa na kashin ita ce hanya mafi muhimmanci. Idan shi ne saboda raunin kasusuwan kasusuwa, zai zama da muhimmanci a ga ko rashin karfin rashawar kasusuwan abu ne mai juyayi, kuma in ba haka ba, anyi amfani da magunguna irin su maye gurbin jini da haɓakar launuka na kasusuwa.
Don bayyanar cututtuka da suka danganci myelosuppression, za'a iya kula da jiyya a ƙayyadaddun tantanin halitta wanda ke haifar da alamun bayyanar. Don anemia, karfin jini, karin kayan ƙarfe, ko abubuwan ci gaba za a iya ba su. Domin neutropenia da ke haifar da hadarin kamuwa da cuta ko kuma kamuwa da kamuwa da cutar, ana iya amfani da dalilai na bunkasa (kamar Neulasta) kuma kamuwa da cutar ta haɗari da haɗarin maganin rigakafi. Don ƙananan kayan ado wanda ke haifar da hadarin jini na jini zai iya buƙata.
Hanyoyin da ke sama zuwa anemia, neutropenia, da kuma thrombocytopenia sun danganta wadannan maganin da za a iya la'akari da shi idan myelosuppression yana da alaka da ilimin chemotherapy.
Har ila yau Known As: Kashe murfin maye gurbin
Misalan: Saboda mummunan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, likita na likitan Rick ya nuna cewa yayi jira a mako kafin shan magani na chemotherapy na gaba.
> Sources:
> Coates, T., Neutropenia Drug-Induced da Agranulocytosis. UpToDate . An sabunta 08/01/16.
> Weinzierl, E., da D. Arber. Binciken Bambancin da Bone Marrow Evaluation na New-Startset-Pancytopnia. American Journal of Clinical Pathology . 2013. 139 (1): 9-29.