Binciken Babbar Nauyin Brain
Microglia su ne kananan kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin tsakiya na tsakiya (CNS), wanda ya ƙunshi kwakwalwarka da kashin baya. Yayin da suke karami, suna da muhimmiyar rawar da za su taka: sune na farko na tsaro a cikin tsarin da aka tsara na CNS.
Kalmar nan "glia" tana nufin "manne". Kwayoyin glial suna samuwa da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban kuma suna yin nauyin tallafi masu yawa daban daban, ciki har da tsaftacewar sunadarai masu amfani (tsarin da ake kira reuptake) da kuma ƙananan ƙananan ƙwararru (azaman sheaths), wanda shine mahimmanci don suyi aiki yadda ya dace.
(Damage zuwa sheaths sheels wani ɓangaren mahimmanci ne na sclerosis .)
Micro yana nufin "ƙanana," don haka "microglia" a zahiri yana nufin ƙananan ƙwayoyin jiki.
Microglia suna iya motsawa cikin kwakwalwa da kwakwalwa zuwa wuraren da akwai rauni ko kamuwa da cuta. Da zarar akwai, suna aiki a matsayin tsarin ƙararrawa ta hanyar faɗakar da wasu sassa na tsarin rigakafin zuwa matsalar don haka jikinka zai iya kokarin gyara shi. Ba'a yi haɗarsu ba da zarar an tayar da ƙararrawa, ko da yake. Microglia ma wani muhimmin ɓangare na mayar da martani ga matsalar.
Kamar yadda yake tare da sauran nauyin amsawa, aikin microglial zai iya haifar da kumburi. Kumburi wata muhimmiyar hanya ce ta warkaswa, don haka a wannan hanya, abu ne mai kyau. Idan har ya zama na ci gaba, to, ƙonawa zai iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya mai yawa fiye da zafi da rashin jin daɗi.
A kimiyyar likita, microglia wani sabon abu ne da aka gano kuma akwai abubuwa da yawa ba mu fahimta game da su ba.
Duk da haka, bincike ya nuna cewa suna da hannu a kusan dukkanin cututtukan kwayoyin halitta.
Microglia da Brain Fog
A cikin fibromyalgia da ciwo mai wuya na kullum, microglia na iya kasancewa daya daga cikin abubuwa da yawa na ilimin lissafin jiki da ke cikin lalacewar haɓaka (ƙwararriya ko ƙwararriyar kwakwalwa). Wasu masu bincike sunyi tunanin cewa kasancewar wasu kwayoyin a cikin kwakwalwarmu na iya samun microglia zuga da aiki, wanda ya ƙaruwa ƙonawa a cikin yanki kuma yana gurɓata yadda kwakwalwarmu ke aiki a wannan wuri.
Binciken bincike na 2014 ya nuna cewa yin amfani da microglial na yau da kullum a cikin kashin baya zai iya zama alhakin, a kalla a wani ɓangare, domin ciwo guda biyu na ciwo mai tsanani a cikin ciwo mai wuya: cututtuka a cikin tsokoki, da kuma allodynia na inji . Duk wadannan nau'in ciwo sune siffofin mabudin fibromyalgia.
Hyperalgesia shine kara yawan ciwo da tsarin kulawa na tsakiya ya yi, da gaske "juyawa ƙarar." Dalilin da ya sa rauni ya cutar da mawuyacin hali, kuma ciwon da kuka yi tun kafin ku kasance rashin lafiya ba tare da jinkiri ba ya zama mummunan lokacin da fibromyalgia ko ciwo na ciwo mai tsanani.
Allodynia ciwo ne daga wani abu wanda ba yakan haifar da ciwo ba. Machanical allodynia ne ciwon da ya faru musamman ta motsi. Wannan yana nufin musawa tawali'u ko wani abu kamar yadda yaduwar tufafi akan fata zai iya haifar da ciwo mai tsanani.
Sauran bincike sun nuna cewa microglia yana da hannu a tactile allodynia (jin zafi daga matsin haske, kamar waistband) kuma zai iya taimakawa wajen haifar da ciwo ta hanyoyin da ba kumburi ba. (Mene ne wadannan abubuwan sune wasu masu bincike basu da kwarewa?)
Nazarin halittu a cikin mutane da fibromyalgia ya nuna yiwuwar cewa wasu kwayoyin zasu iya taimakawa wajen ciwo ta hanyar rudani aikin microglia a cikin kashin baya.
Wadannan karatun ba wai kawai taimaka mana mu fahimci abin da ke haifar da alamar cutar fibromyalgia da ciwo na gajiya ba amma ya taimaka mana gano abubuwan da za a ci gaba da bincike da maganin gaba. Akalla magani guda ɗaya da aka yi imani da shi don iyakance aikin naltrexone na kananan microglia - ya sami wasu bincike don waɗannan yanayi. Wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi ya riga ya kasance a kasuwa amma har zuwa yanzu ba'a yarda da amfani ba a cikin waɗannan yanayi, saboda haka dole ne a rubuta shi-lakabin.
Sources:
Graeber MB, Christie MJ. Gwajin gwaji. 2012 Afrilu 234 (2): 255-61. Hanyoyi masu yawa na microglia: taimakon mai tsaron ƙofa a jihohi.
Haske KC, et al. Ciwon bincike da kuma jiyya. 2012; 2012: 427869. Hanyoyin jinsin da kuma bayanan jigilar kalma da ke tattare da matsala da wahala a cikin fibromyalgia tare da kuma ba tare da rashin ciwo mai tsanani ba.
Tambuyzer BR, Ponsaerts P, Nouwen EJ. Jaridar leukocyte nazarin halittu. 2009 Mar, 85 (3): 352-70. Microglia: masu tsaron ƙofofi na tsarin kulawa da tsohuwar ƙwayoyin cuta.
Theoharides TC, et al. Yankuna a cikin neuroscience. 2015 Jul 3; 9: 225. Brain "damuwa," ƙonewa da kiba; Hanyoyi masu mahimmanci na nakasar neuropsychiatric inganta by luteolin.
Yasui M, et al. Glia. 2014 Sep; 62 (9): 1407-17. Wani samfurin ciwo mai wuya na yau da kullum yana nuna nau'ikan allodynia da muryar murya ta hanyar maganin microglial.