Mene ne hada kwayoyin maganin haihuwa?

Hanyoyin Estrogen, Dabbobi na Progestin, da Ƙara amfani da kwaya

Mene ne haɗarin kwayoyin hana haihuwa (maganin hana haihuwa) kuma menene bambancin dake tattare da yawan kayan sayarwa? Mene ne wasu kwarewa da rashin amfani da nau'ukan daban-daban?

Ma'anar hadewar haɗuwar haɗuwar haihuwa

Haɗuwa da kwayoyin maganin haifa sune maganin rigakafi da suka hada da estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) da kuma progestin , kamar sunadarin jima'i (estrogen da progesterone) wanda aka samar a cikin jikin mace.

Hakanan ana iya kiran hada kwayoyin maganin haihuwa kamar "kwayoyin kwayoyi" ko kuma kawai, "kwayar kwaya."

Ba kamar isrogen (rubutun rabawa na ethinyl estradiol) wanda aka samo a cikin wasu nau'i na kwayoyin hade-haɗe, akwai nau'i daban-daban na progestin wanda za'a iya amfani (tattauna a kasa).

Samun Haɗin Gwiwar Haihuwar Haihuwa

Duk hade kwayoyin maganin haifa suna samuwa ne kawai ta takardar sayan magani. Wannan yana nufin ba za ku iya saya wani ɓangaren wadannan kwayoyin ba a kan takardar.

Kwararka na iya ko bazai buƙatar jarrabawar pelvic ba kuma Pap ya ɗauka domin ya tsara kwayar cutar haihuwa. Wasu likitoci za su rubuta kwayoyin kwayoyi ta hanyar kula da lafiyar likita da kuma karfin jini (kamar yadda kwayar cutar zata iya ƙara yawan karfin jini ). Ko da idan likitanku ba ya buƙatar rubutun Pap a lokacin da ya rubuta kwayar, yana da muhimmanci a yi Pap a kowace uku. shekaru tsakanin shekarun da suka wuce 21 da menopause, kuma mafi sau da yawa idan kuna da wani abu marar kyau na Pap wanda ya dace ko gwaji na HPV.

Kafin ka ga likitanka, duba wadannan ra'ayoyin kan yadda za ka yi magana da likitanka game da kulawar haihuwa da kuma tambayoyin da ya kamata ka tambayi.

Hanyoyin Hanya Kwayoyin Haihuwa ta Haihuwa

Haɗa nau'in maganin kwakwalwa na haihuwa an rarraba su ne a matsayin tsaka-tsakin, guda biyu, ko uku na uku bisa ga ko tsarin hormones yana kasancewa a cikin farkon makonni uku na jujjuyawar ɗan adam ko kuma idan ya canza.

• Kwayoyin maganin kwayoyin halitta suna da nauyin isrogen da progestin a cikin kowane kwayoyi masu aiki a cikin shirya.
• Magunguna na piphasic sun canza matakin estrogen da progestin sau daya a lokacin kwayoyin kwayoyi, tare da matakin progestin ya karu a rabi na biyu na sake zagayowar.
• Magunguna na Triphasic sun canza matakan hormones sau uku a lokacin sake zagayowar, kuma dukkanin tsarin estrogen da progestin na iya canzawa.

Haɗin Haɗin Haɓakar Haihuwa

Haɗuwa da kwayoyin sarrafa kwayoyin haihuwa yawanci sun zo cikin wadataccen watanni. Kwayoyin maganin sunada samuwa a cikin kwanaki 28 ko ranakun 21.

Dukansu suna da kwayoyi 21 masu aiki. Wadannan kwayoyin sunadarai sun hada da kwayoyin hormones da suka hana mace ta kasance ciki.

28-Day fakitoci

A cikin kwanakin kwanaki 28, an ambaci kwayoyi bakwai na ƙarshe da kwayoyi masu tuni. Ba su ƙunshi kowane hormones. Wadannan kwayoyin sun karu a cikin makon hudu, kuma manufar su shine taimaka wa mace ta kula da ita na shan kwaya kowace rana. Saboda haka, mace zata dauki kwayar cutar a kowace rana a cikin makonni 4.

21-Day fakitoci

A cikin kwanaki 21, ana daukar kwayoyi don makonni uku na farko, kuma wata mace ba ta ɗaukan kome a cikin mako huɗu. Tana fara sabon kwayoyin kwayoyi a cikin kwanaki takwas bayan kammala kammalawa.

Wani misalin nau'in kwaya wanda ya zo a cikin wani akwati na 21 yana Loestrin . Wadannan kayan aiki na kwayoyin za su iya zama yaudara saboda mata suna buƙatar tunawa da fara sabon kwaya ba tare da wasu kwayoyi masu tuni ba.

24-Day fakitoci

Akwai nau'o'i guda biyu masu haɗari da kwayar cutar haihuwa wanda ke da kwanaki 24 da ke aiki kawai da kwayoyi hudu kawai. Wadannan sun haɗa da:

• Yaz 28 (da kuma Beyaz ): Yanayin Yaz na musamman ne wanda yake dauke da kwanaki 24 na kwayoyin hormone, sannan kuma kwayoyi 4 na yaudara. Wannan zabin zai iya bawa mutane ƙananan hawan gwanon hormone fiye da al'ada na 21 na kwayoyi masu aiki a kowace rana. (Duba gargaɗin, game da Yasmin da Yaz 28 a ƙasa.)
  

• Loestrin 24 Fe: GDA ta amince da shi a shekara ta 2006, wannan nau'in kwayar cutar ita ce ta farko da aka yi amfani da rigakafi ta kwana 24 a Amurka.

Kwayoyin Wuta Ta Tsayi

Ƙididdigar kwayoyin haɗari mai maimaita (wanda aka sani da kwayoyin motsa jiki na ci gaba ) yana da karin kwayoyi a kowace shirya. Wadannan kwayoyin za su iya ƙyale ka ka ƙyale tsawon lokacinka ko ka rage tsawon lokacinka. Nazarin ya nuna cewa kwayoyin cututtuka masu motsi sun kasance lafiya . Har ila yau, suna iya zama dacewa da inganta rayuwar rayuwar mata da yawa waɗanda ke fama da matsalolin haɗuwar mutum. Popular brands sun hada da:

• Seasonale ita ce kwayar kwayar ci gaba wadda ta ƙunshi ethinyl estradiol / levonorgestrel. Ana iya ci gaba har tsawon kwanaki 91 kuma an yarda da FDA don maganin hana haihuwa akai-akai a shekara ta 2003. Wannan tsarin ya ba wa mata damar samun matacce a kowace shekara. Wannan kwayar kwayar cutar tana da kwayoyin kwayoyi 84 da 7 pills.
  
• Seasonique wani maganin ci gaba ne da ke tattare da kwayar cutar haihuwa wadda FDA ta amince da ita a shekara ta 2006. Saasonique yana kama da Seasonale a cikin ethnyl estradiol / levonorgestrel an ci gaba dashi har kwana 84. Tare da Seasonique, duk da haka, ƙarshen kwanaki 7 na watanni 3 yana dauke da ethinyl estradiol mai sauƙi fiye da allbo tablets.
  
• LoSeasonique yana samuwa. Wannan tsari yana da ƙasa da isrogen da progestin fiye da Seasonique.
  
• Lybrel shi ne kwayar kwayar cutar haihuwa a ciki. Ana dauka duk tsawon kwanaki 365 na shekara. A cikin watan Mayu 2007, ita ce kwayar farko ta FDA wadda ta amince da ita don amfani da ita don dakatar da kowane lokaci na wata mace. Yawancin matan da suke amfani da Lybrel suna jin dadin zama ba tare da samun lokaci ba amma suna raba irin abubuwan da suka faru da wannan kwayar cutar.

Mata za su iya duba saitin nau'in kwaya don gano ainihin abin da hormones ke kasancewa kuma a wace irin kwayoyin jigilar kwayoyin halitta a duk lokacin sake zagayowar.

Mace

Lokacin amfani da hadewar haɓakar haihuwa, mata za su janye zub da jini (lokacin) a cikin mako huɗu. Hanyoyin da ke dauke da kwayoyin sunadarai sun hana daukar ciki a cikin wata, don haka har ma a cikin makon hudu (koda kuwa tana shan maganin kwayoyi ko kwayoyi ko kadan), an kare mace daga rashin yin ciki.

Harshen Progestin a cikin Haɗin Jiki

Dukkanin kwayoyin hade sun hada da estrogen (yawanci ethinyl estradiol) da kuma wani nau'i na progestin wanda aka tsara domin nuna yanayin kwayar cutar hormone. Wadannan progestins sun hada da:

1. Desogestrel
2. Ethynodiol Diacetate
3. Levonorgestrel
4. Norethindrone
5. Norethindrone Acetate
6. Norgestimate
7. Norgestrel
8. Drospirenone

Kuna iya son ƙarin bayani akan muhimmancin progestin a cikin kwayar kuma dalilin da yasa wasu nau'o'in progestin zasu iya cika bukatun ku fiye da wani.

Gargadi Game da Yasmin da Yaz 28

Ba kamar sauran hade kwayoyin haihuwa ba, Yasmin ya Yaz 28 yana dauke da progestin drospirenone wanda zai kara yawan matakan potassium, kuma wannan karuwa cikin potassium zai iya haifar da kullun zuciya ko wasu matsalolin. Wadannan kwayoyi bazai zama hanya madaidaiciya ba idan ka taba samun koda, hanta, ko cututtukan gland . Akwai kuma damuwa cewa drospirenone na iya ƙara haɗarin jini .

Hanyoyin Estrogen a cikin Kashi

Ethinyl estradiol shine nau'in estrogen da aka samo a cikin maganin rigakafi. Mafi girman adadin estrogen a cikin kwaya (mafi girma yawan kwayoyin na ethinyl estradiol) yana nufin mafi girma daga isrogen a jikinka (duka nagarta da mara kyau).

Ƙananan Hanyoyi Kwayoyi

Ƙananan haruɗɗan kwayoyi sun hada da mafi yawan adadin isrogen (20 mcg) da daya daga cikin nau'in progestin. Sunayen nau'in irin kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Alesse
• Aviane-28
• Levlite
• Loestrin 1/20
• Mircette

Dokar Kasuwancin Duka-Duka

Kwayoyin kwayoyi na yau da kullum sun ƙunshi 30 zuwa 35 mcg estrogen kuma daya daga cikin nau'in progestin. Sunayen nau'in irin kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Brevicon
• Demulan 1/35
• Desogen
• Mata Fe Fe
• Levlen
• Lo / Ovral
• Modicon
• Nordette
• Levora
• Loestrin
• Low-Ogestrel
• Necon 1/35
• Norinyl 1/35
• Ortho-Cept
• Ortho-Cyclen
• Ortho-Novum 1/35
• Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo
• Ovcon 35
• Seasonale
• Yasmin
• Zovia 1 / 35E

Phasic Combination Pills

Magunguna masu haɗarin Phasic sun canza matakan estrogen da progestin wanda aka tsara don yin la'akari da halayen hormonal yayin hawan mata. Sunayen nau'in irin kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo
• Jenest-28
• Ortho Tri-Cyclen
• Cyclessa
• Triphasil
• Tri-Levlen
• Ortho-Novum 10/11
• Trivora
• Tri-Norinyl
• Estrostep Fe
• Ortho-Novum 7/7/7

Ƙungiyar Hanyoyin Haɗuwa Mai Girma

Magunguna masu haɗari masu ƙarfi sune kusan 50 mcg na estrogen da progestin. Sunayen nau'in irin kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Ortho-Novum 1/50
• Ovral
• Demulan 1/50
• Ogestrel
• Ovcon 50

Haɗin Gwiwar Tare Da Karin Ƙarin

Dalilin farko na kwayoyin kwantar da haihuwa shine, ba shakka, don hana daukar ciki. Duk da haka akwai wasu alamu da kuma haɗuwa da kwayoyin hormones wanda zai iya ɗaukar wani fashewa, kuma taimakawa da wasu damuwa. A wasu kalmomi, akwai wasu amfani marasa amfani na kwaya wanda ya bambanta tsakanin nau'i-nau'i.

Wasu daga cikin yanayin da kwayar za ta iya taimakawa (kuma a wasu lokuta ana yarda da ita) sun hada da hawan , ƙwayar dysphoric na farko , endometriosis , da kuma lokaci mai raɗaɗi . Bugu da ƙari, kwayar cutar zata taimaka wajen rage yawan hadarin mahaifa, ovarian, ciwon daji da cutar jini, kodayake akwai ƙwayar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin mutanen da suke shan taba da nono da kuma ciwon cututtuka a masu amfani da kwaya a yanzu hadarin ya bayyana ya tafi cikin shekaru biyar na dakatar da kwayar.)

Fara kwaya

Idan kana kawai fara kwaya, zai iya taimakawa wajen karantawa akan wasu abubuwan da ke buƙatar ka sani don amfani da kwaya yadda ya kamata . Kuna iya samun tambayoyi game da yadda yadda kwayar ta ke aiki .

Lokacin shan kwayar, yana da mahimmanci a san abin da magunguna zasu iya rage tasirin kwaya . Alal misali, yawancin mutane basu san cewa shan kwayoyin cutar don ciwon magungunan ƙwayar cuta ba zai iya rage yawan tasirin kwayar cutar-kuma ƙara damar da za ku yi ciki.

Canza Canjin Jirginku na haihuwa

Akwai nau'o'in kwayoyi daban-daban don zaɓar daga, amma yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likita game da yadda za a canza kwayoyin kwantar da haihuwa idan ka yi haka.

Kwatanta ga kwayoyin hadewa zuwa kwayoyin kwayoyin cutar kawai

Haɗuwa da kwayar sarrafawa ta haihuwa ya fi tasiri fiye da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kawai . Duk da haka wasu jikin mata ba su dace da isrogen a cikin kwayar hade ba. Ga wadanda ke da wadannan damuwa, irin su girman hawan jini a kan kwayar haɗari, kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kawai zata iya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi.

Rafin Ƙasa akan Haɗin Kwayoyin Haihuwar Haihuwa

A cikin bayani ta sama ta hanyar bayanin da ke sama, tabbas ka lura cewa akwai wasu canje-canje da za a yi la'akari da zaɓin kwaya mai kyau don kanka. Irin wannan estrogen a kwayoyin kwayoyi iri daya ne (ethinyl estradiol) amma sashi zai iya bambanta. Estrogen zai iya samun sakamako mai kyau da kuma mummunan jiki a jiki, kuma aikin da ya dace don ku zai dangana ne akan bukatun ku da tarihin likita.

Ba kamar isrogen ba, akwai nau'i daban-daban na progestin wanda za'a iya amfani dasu. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan suna da amfani biyu (irin su kula da kuraje) ko hadari (kamar hadarin jini) kuma yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likita game da abin da progestin zai iya zama mafi kyau a gare ku a matsayin mutum.

Kyakkyawar samun nau'o'in kwayoyi masu yawa da yawa shine cewa akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka masu zaɓuɓɓuka don zaɓar daga idan nau'i daya ya kai ga illa halayen. A lokaci guda, yana da muhimmanci a yi magana da likita game da yadda za a canza kwayoyin kwantar da haihuwa idan ka yi haka.

Kwayar yana da matukar tasiri idan aka yi amfani da shi daidai, kuma zai iya kashe ma'anar tsuntsaye biyu tare da dutse daya ga wasu mutane da ciwon hauka na farko, ƙwayar cuta, damuwa da maza, da sauran yanayi. Wannan ya ce, yana da mahimmanci a duk waɗannan halayen idan aka yi amfani da su sosai don haka ba a rasa kwayoyi ba kuma idan ka yi magana da likitanka a hankali game da duk wani tasiri ko damuwa.

> Sources:

> Cunningham, F. Gary., Da John Whitridge Williams. Williams Obstetrics. New York: McGraw-Hill Education Medical, 2014. Print.

> Iversen, L., Sivasubramaniam. S., Lee, A., Fielding, S., da P. Hannaford. Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Cutar Kwayoyin cuta da Haɗin Gwiwar Maganganu: Cibiyar Nazarin Kwaskwarimar Kwararre ta Royal College ta Kwararrun Kwararre. Jaridar American Journal of Obstetrics da Gynecology . 2017. 216 (6): 580.e1-580.e9.

> Kluft, C., Zimmerman, Y., Mawet, M. et al. Rage Hanyoyin Hemostatic tare da Abubuwan Harkokin Cikakken Cikakken Drospirenone da ke riƙe da Estetrol VS. Ethinyl Estradiol. Cibiyar kwance . 2017. 95 (2): 140-147.