Shekaru da dama, dystrophy na muscular ya hade da yara Jerry. Wato, Jerry Lewis ne ke kewaye da yara a cikin shekara ta Muscular Dystrophy Association's Labor Day Telethon. Daga shekara ta 1966 zuwa 2010, Jerry Lewis ya shirya wannan hoton shekara don amfanin wadanda ke da dystrophy na muscular. Muscular dystrophy (MD) tana wakiltar wata ƙungiya ta tara ciwon tsoka.
Teleton ya ci gaba da ba tare da Lewis ba daga 2010 zuwa 2014, ƙarshe ya ƙare a shekarar 2015.
Kodayake hoton shekara-shekara ya ƙare, dystrophy na muscular - duk nau'i tara - har yanzu yana wanzu. Nau'in tara sune kamar haka.
1. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) ita ce mafi yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, tare da bayyanar cututtuka wanda ke farawa tsakanin 2 zuwa 6 years. DMD mafi rinjaye yana rinjayar 'yan mata. 'Yan mata zasu iya ɗaukar yanayin kuma ana iya rinjaye su sosai. Alamun farko na DMD na iya haɗawa da fadiwa, sauƙi na tashi daga zaune ko kwance, da kuma tafiya mai tsalle. Yarin da ke tare da DMD yana iya bayyana sun yi girma ƙwanƙwara ƙwayar ɗan maraƙi.
Kwayar na ci gaba da hankali, amma tafiya taimako zai zama mahimmanci - jagora zuwa ga keken hannu. Yayin da tsokoki na jikin ya zama raunanawa, matsaloli tare da numfashi. Wannan zai haifar da cututtuka na numfashi kamar ciwon huhu, wanda zai iya wahala ga mutanen da ke tare da DMD don yin yaki.
Mun gode wa ci gaba a bincike da fasaha, rai mai rai na DMD ya karu cikin farkon 30s.
2. Becker Muscular Dystrophy
Becker muscular dystrophy yana kama da DMD, sai dai bayyanar da Becker MD zai iya bayyana a baya a matasan - har zuwa marigayi na 25. Ko da yake kama da DMD, alamu na Becker MD ci gaba da hankali fiye da na DMD.
3. Musamman kwayar cutar Dystrophy
Dystrophy na kwayoyin halitta yana wakiltar ƙungiyar dystrophies na muscular da suke a lokacin haihuwa. Wannan nau'i na MD na iya shafar yara da 'yan mata. Ba dukkanin siffofin da suka kasance ba. Ɗaya daga cikin nau'i, Fukuyama yana da dystrophy na ƙwayar cuta, yana haifar da rauni mai ƙarfi da tsokoki da ƙwayoyin ido kuma zai iya haɗawa da kwangilar haɗin gwiwa, matsalolin tunanin tunani da kuma maganganu, da kuma rushewa .
4. Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy shi ne ƙananan nau'i na yara MD wanda kawai ke shafar yara. Wannan nau'i yana cigaba da hankali. Duk da haka, ba kamar DMD, kwangila - raguwa na tsoka - na iya bayyana a baya a rayuwa. Cikakken rauni na tsoka yana da rauni fiye da na DMD. Cutar zuciya mai tsanani da aka haɗa tare da Emery-Dreifuss MD na iya buƙatar mai buƙata.
5. Ƙunƙarar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar katako
Dystrophy na muscular ƙaddara zai fara a cikin yarinya ko shekarun tsufa na shekaru biyu. Kwayar cutar tana haifar da rauni wanda ke farawa a cikin kwatangwalo, yana motsa zuwa kafaɗu, kuma ya shimfiɗa zuwa cikin makamai da kafafu. Ciwon yana cigaba da sannu a hankali amma yana haifar da wahala ta tafiya.
6. Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSH MD) ya fara ne a lokacin yaro ko kuma tsufa kuma yana rinjayar duka genders.
FSH MD yana rinjayar da tsokoki na fuska ("facio-"), kafadar kafada ("scapulo-"), da kuma makamai na sama ("zane-zane"). Mutanen da ke tare da FSH MD suna da kafadu da suke hawa, suna mai da wuya a ɗaga hannayensu a kan kawunansu. Tashin muscle yana ci gaba a jiki yayin da cutar ta ci gaba. FSH MD zai iya samuwa daga mummunan hali zuwa mai tsanani. Duk da rashin ƙarfi na tsoka, mutane da yawa tare da FSH MD suna iya tafiya.
7. Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy
Myotonic muscular dystrophy (cutar Steinert) shi ne mafi yawan al'ada na tsofaffin tsofaffin ƙwayoyin dystrophy. Wannan nau'i na dystrophy na muscular yana farawa tare da rauni na tsoka a fuska sannan kuma motsa zuwa ƙafafunsa da hannayensa.
Myotonic MD kuma yana haifar da myotonia - ƙarfin ƙarfin tsokoki (kamar spasms) - alamar da kawai ke faruwa a wannan nau'i na MD. Myotonic MD yana shafar tsarin kulawa mai zurfi, zuciya, ɓoye na kwayoyi, idanu, da kuma endocrine gland . Yana cigaba da sannu a hankali, tare da yawan rauni na tsoka wanda ya bambanta daga m zuwa mai tsanani. Wata mace da MD zata iya haifar da jariri tare da irin wannan cuta.
8. Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy
Oyotharyngeal muscular dystrophy kullum fara a cikin hudu ko biyar na shekaru na rayuwa. Tsinkayen eyelids suna da alamar alamar farko na wannan dystrophy. Halin zai cigaba da raunin tsoka da fuska da haɗari. Yin aikin tiyata zai iya rage matsalolin haɗuwa da kuma hana katsewa da kuma ciwon huhu .
9. Distal Muscular Dystrophy
Dystrophy na ƙwayar murya yana kunshe da wasu cututtuka na tsoka da suka fara da girma kuma suna da irin wannan alamar nuna rashin ƙarfi na kariya, hannayensu, ƙananan kafafu, da ƙafa. Wadannan cututtuka - ciki har da subforms Welander, Markesbury-Griggs, Nonaka, da Miyoshi - basu da tsanani kuma suna da ƙananan tsokoki fiye da wasu nau'ikan dystrophy na muscular. Tsarin rarraba yana shafi maza da mata.
Sources:
Muscular Dystrophy Association Amurka.
Newsweek. Sautin murfin dystrophy na muscular yanzu shine ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (2015).