Sanarwar ji shine karo na uku mafi yawan yanayi na yau da kullum wanda yake shafi manya. Tsoho ku ne, mafi kusantar ku fuskanci lalacewar ji. Ta yaya rashin jin daɗin sauraro ya dogara ne akan irin nauyin sauraron da kuka fuskanta.
Darasi na asarar da aka ji yana dogara ne akan sakamakon binciken gwaji. Ana sauraron sauraron ku na al'ada idan kun ji sauti na 15 decibels ko žasa.
Rashin gajiyar muryar da aka ƙaddara a matsayin ikon sauraron sautuna a cikin 16 zuwa 25 decibels, rashin jin hasara kamar yadda ake iya sauraren decibels 26 zuwa 40, adadin lalacewa na matsakaici kamar yadda ake iya ji sauti na decibels 41 zuwa 55, matsananci mai tsanani kamar 56 zuwa 70 decibels, mai tsanani ji labari kamar yadda 71 zuwa 90 decibels, da kuma babban ji labari asarar kamar yadda kawai iya ji sauti fiye da 91 decibels.
Wannan labarin zaiyi magana game da nau'o'i daban-daban na lalacewar ji kuma abin da kuke tsammani zai dogara ne akan rashin asarar ku.
Raƙuman ji sosai
Kalmar "m lalacewar haɗuwa" na iya zama da kuma kanta ta zama ɓatacciyar hanya kamar yadda yake nuna cewa wannan yanayin ba shi da nakasa. Yayinda kwarewar wanda ke fama da mummunan hasara zai zama na musamman ga mutum, mutane da yawa suna da matsala ta fahimtar maganganu har ma da irin wannan rashin jin daɗi. Kuna iya samun kanka akai-akai tambayar wasu a kusa da ku don maimaita kansu.
Muryar kararrawa ko sauran siginar ƙira za ta kara tsananta ƙwarewarka ga fahimtar magana.
Mutanen da ke da mummunan hasara na hasara ba zasu da matsala su ji wasu sauti yayin wasu wasu sauti na iya zama matsala. Musamman maɗannan sauti na iya zama da wuya a ji wa wani tare da wannan nau'i na jinƙan ji: / f /, / s /, / th /, da / k /.
Kuna iya ganin cewa dole ne ku saurari talabijin ko zuwa waƙa a ƙarar girma fiye da mutanen da ke kewaye da ku. Mutane masu fama da rashin hasara suna iya samun ƙarfin sauraron sauraro. Rashin gajiya yana da yanayin da ke faruwa saboda mutanen da ke da lalacewar ji ya kamata su yi aiki da wuya don fahimta da kuma bi da tattaunawa.
Kwayar cututtuka na kowane nau'i na sauraron saurare zai kasance mafi muni idan ɓararren sauraron ya shafi duka kunnuwan biyu fiye da ɗaya. Yawancin mutanen da ke da saurin hasara a kunne guda ɗaya suna iya biyawa sosai.
Duk da wannan kalubalen, yawancin lokuta na rashin jin daɗin hasara ba su san su ba kuma basu da tabbas. Mutanen da ke da saurin hasara mai sau da yawa yakan kasance suna yin aiki mai zurfi, amma jijiyar ji ta hanyar amfani da kayan jiji yana iya inganta halayen rayuwa.
Masu sana'a waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa a kimantawa da kuma magance rashin hasara mai haɗuwa sun hada da masu aikin gwadawa, masu shahararren magunguna (kunnen kunne, hanci, da magwajin likita) da masu sauraro .
Hanyar Jiji mai tsanani da rashin daidaituwa
Wannan sashe yana rufe mutanen da ke zaune tare da lalacewar ji a cikin 41 zuwa 70 decibel range. Mutanen da ke da wannan nau'i na sauraron hasara yana da wuya a ji laushi zuwa sauti mai ƙarfi. Magana ta al'ada shine kimanin 60 decibels.
Zaka iya gane cewa dole ka saurari talabijin ko kiɗa a ƙarar murya fiye da sauran iyalinka ko abokai. Kuna iya samun wahalar fahimtar maganganu kuma zai iya jin dadin sauraro. Wadannan batutuwa masu sauraro suna karawa a gaban muryar kara. Wannan mataki na rashin jin haɗari na iya ƙuntata ikon mutum na samun nasara a matsayin sana'a da kuma aiki na zamantakewa, har ma ya haifar da jiɓin jiki da rashin ciki idan aka bar shi ba tare da izini ba.
Yin jiyya na kowane mataki na jinin haɗari ya dogara ne akan abin da ya sa. Idan bacewar haɗuwa ba za a iya juyawa da ƙirar mutum ko ƙwararrun mutane ba tare da matsakaicin matsananci mai tsanani mai haɗari na yawanci ana amfani da ita ta amfani da kayan ji ko wasu na'urorin ƙarfafa sauti .
Mai tsanani ga Lalacewa mai ji
Rashin murya a cikin wannan kewayawa yana da muhimmanci sosai musamman ba tare da magani ba. Mutanen da ke cikin hasara mai tsanani ba zasu iya ji sauti a kasa 70 decibels ba. Mutanen da ba su da hasara mai zurfi ba zasu iya jin sauti a ƙasa ba game da 90 decibels. Don baka mafi kyau game da abin da wannan ke nufi, a nan akwai wasu sauti na kowa da ƙaddarar su:
- Kasuwancin aiki, mai tsabtace tsabta, ko agogon ƙararrawa yana kusan 70 decibels.
- Mai bushewa, mai yalwar abinci, ko abincin abinci shine kusan 80-90 decibels.
- Ƙarin jirgin ruwa ko motar wucewa yana da kimanin 90 decibels.
Mutanen da ke da tsananin tsanani ga ƙananan hasara suna da matsalolin jin muryar magana da sadarwa tare da wasu. Harkokin fasaha irin su harshen haruffa ko lakabin rubutu zai iya taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙe sadarwa ga duka manya da yara tare da mai tsanani ga ƙananan hasara.
Ayyukan da aka yi amfani da su na ƙarfafa ko na'urorin haɓakaccen sauti na iya zama da amfani ga wasu mutane da tsananin hasara mai tsanani ko kuma jin dadi (musamman ga wadanda ke da hasara mai tsanani), amma ga mutane da yawa tare da wannan nauyin ɓataccen ji, karin magani ya zama dole. Dangane da irin rashin asarar da kuke da ita, haɗin gwiwar da aka haɗa shi ne zaɓi na zaɓuɓɓuka ga mutane da yawa tare da tsananin tsanani ga ƙananan hasara.
Aikin kwaskwarima shine na'urar da aka gina ta jiki wanda ya ƙunshi sassa biyu. Akwai ɓangaren ciki da ɓangaren waje. Wannan na'urar likita tana kewaye da ɓangaren lalacewar kunnenka kuma kai tsaye yana motsa jijiyar auditory.
Bayan aiwatar da aikin kwalliya na kwasfa na cochlear, akwai tsarin gyarawa . A wannan lokacin dole ne ku koyi yadda za ku ji tare da cochlear implant kuma kuyi aiki tare da mai jin murji, wanda zai yi gyare-gyare akai-akai zuwa na'urarka (wanda ake kira taswira). Yin amfani da implicar cochlear ba sa son yin amfani da kayan sauraro ko ƙarfin ƙararrawa, dole ne ka yi amfani dasu don jin sauti a sabon hanya.
Fiye da mutane 188,000 sun karbi cochlear implants. Ana inganta ci gaba akai-akai ga waɗannan na'urorin kuma sun kara yawan rayuwar rayuwa ga dubban mutane tare da tsananin tsanani don jin dadi. Duk da haka, na'urorin haɗi suna ba wa kowa ba. Idan kuna tunanin za ku iya amfana daga wani abu mai kwakwalwa, ku yi magana da likitan ku.
> Sources:
> Cochlear Implants. Ƙungiyar Rashin Ƙarancin Rigar Amurka. Samun damar Nuwamba 29, 2017 > http://www.hearingloss.org/content/cochlear-implants
> Maɗaukaki na Rushewar Magana. Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka; https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Degree-of-Hearing-Loss/
> Jiran jiyya. Shafin yanar gizo mai lafiya. Updated May 10, 2017 https://www.healthyhearing.com/help/hearing-loss/treatment
> Noise. Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Harshen Amurka; https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Noise/
> Mene ne Wasu Halin Bacci na Magana game da Asarar Mutuwar Lafiya? Audiology Online. Updated Disamba 2013. https://www.audiologyonline.com/ask-the-experts/what-some-common-misconceptions-mild-12268