Akwai wasu halaye na yau da kullum, amma babu mutane biyu daidai
Down syndrome ne ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullum wanda ya haifar da karin kwafin chromosome 21. A cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka, kimanin daya cikin 700 mutane ana haifa tare da Down syndrome.
Yayinda ƙananan yara da Down syndrome suna da alamun ganewa da kuma matsalolin kiwon lafiyar kowa, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa yawancin yara da Down syndrome suna lafiya.
Hasarinsu na bunkasa wasu likita, matsalolin ilimi da na tunanin mutum na iya zama mafi girma, amma magani yafi yawa akan wadannan matsalolin ko suna faruwa a cikin yara tare da Down syndrome ko waɗanda ba tare da ciwo Down.
Ba shi yiwuwa a ce abin da cututtukan cututtuka na Down zai nufi ga kowane mutum, akwai wasu siffofin jiki, matsalolin kiwon lafiya, da kuma jinkirin bunkasa wanda ya shafi mafi yawan mutane da Down syndrome.
Abubuwan Hadawa Daga cikin wadanda ke fama da ciwo na Down
A yau, fiye da 120 siffofi na jiki, likita, da halayyar mutum an kwatanta su a cikin mutanen da ke fama da Down syndrome. Duk jarirai da mutane da Down syndrome suna da wasu siffofi na fannin jiki, siffofi na jiki, matsalolin kiwon lafiya, da kuma jinkirin kwakwalwa a kowa.
Hanyoyin da matsalolin likita da suka haɗa da Down syndrome sun bambanta. Wasu halaye na kowa sun haɗa da:
- Kwanan lokaci
- Damarar hankali
- Ƙaddamarwar jinkiri
- Zuciyar zuciya
- Matsalar Thyroid
- Ƙungiya mai yatsa da yatsunsu
Yaran da ke ciwo da ƙananan ciwon ƙananan hali suna nuna wasu nau'i na fuskar jiki da na al'ada kamar alamar fuskar fuska, tsinkaya zuwa fuskoki, kananan kunnuwa, da harshe mai girma. A lokacin haihuwa, ƙananan jarirai da Down syndrome sukan nuna "fure" saboda yanayin da ake kira hypotonia (ƙananan sautin tsoka).
Ko da yake hypotonia zai iya inganta sau da yawa da kuma farfadowa na jiki, yawancin yara tare da Down syndrome yawanci sun kai ga abubuwan ci gaba-kamar zama a sama, fashi, da tafiya-daga bisani wasu yara.
A lokacin haihuwar, yara tare da ƙananan ciwon Down yana yawanci girman matsakaici, amma suna tasowa a hankali kuma sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da sauran yara shekarunsu. Ga jarirai, ƙananan sautin tsoka zai iya taimakawa wajen ciyar da matsaloli da jinkirin motsi. Yara da yara masu tsufa na iya jinkiri cikin magana da kuma ƙwarewar ilmantarwa irin su ciyar da abinci, kayan ado, da horar da gidan gida.
Madawar rashin lafiya
Dukkan waɗanda ke tare da ciwo na Down suna da wani nau'i na rashin lafiyar hankali. Idan yaronka yana da Down syndrome, za su iya koyi da hankali a hankali ko kuma suna da matsala tare da tunani mai zurfi da hukunci. Yara da ciwon Down yana iya yin koyi, kuma suna iya bunkasa fasaha a duk rayuwarsu. Suna kawai kai ga cimma burin da ke da sauƙi.
Sau da yawa akwai kuskuren cewa mutane da ke da Down syndrome suna da "ƙayyadaddun" ko ƙayyadadden ƙarfin koya. Wannan ba gaskiya bane. Mutanen da ke ciwo da ciwon Down ci gaba a kan rayuwarsu kuma ya kamata a bi da su yadda ya dace. Ƙin ilmantarwa na mutum tare da Down syndrome za a iya ƙaddara ta hanyar yin amfani da wuri , ilimi mai kyau, tsammanin tsammanin, da ƙarfafawa.
Matsalar Lafiya
Yayinda yawancin yara da ke ciwo da Down ba su da wata matsala mai mahimmancin likita, wasu zasu iya samun maganganu da dama da suke buƙatar karin kulawa. Alal misali, game da kashi 40 cikin dari na dukan yara da aka haifa tare da Down syndrome za su sami nasara a ciki. Wasu daga cikin wadannan lahani sune m kuma baya buƙatar magani kuma wasu sun fi tsanani kuma suna iya buƙatar tiyata da kuma kula da kiwon lafiya. Duk da haka, ka tuna cewa idan kashi 40 cikin dari na yara da ciwon Down akwai haifa tare da lalacewar zuciya, wannan yana nufin cewa kashi 60 cikin 100 na yara da ciwo Down ba su da matsalolin zuciya.
Sauran yanayi na kiwon lafiya wanda zai iya faruwa sau da yawa a cikin yara tare da Down syndrome sun hada da matsalolin maganin karoid , rashin hauka na ciki, cututtuka da damuwa, matsaloli na numfashi, al'amurra masu nauyi, da kuma karamin haɗarin cutar sankarar bargo (game da kashi 1).
Ƙananan wuyan wuyan wuyan wucin gadi ( rashin zaman lafiya ) da wasu lokuta ana samun su kuma ya kamata a gwada su ta hanyar likita. Abin farin, da yawa daga cikin waɗannan yanayi suna da kwarewa kuma maganin daidai yake ga mutanen da ba tare da Down syndrome ba.
Jiji da hangen nesa
Kimanin rabin dukan yara tare da Down syndrome suna da matsala tare da ji da hangen nesa. Rabawar ji yana iya zama saboda bambancin da ke cikin ƙusar kunnen kunnuwan ciki ko kuma saboda cututtukan kunne . Matsalar hangen nesa sun hada da idon ketare, idanu mai laushi, kusa da hangen nesa, da kuma kara haɗarin cataracts. Bincike na yau da kullum da mai ji jijiyan jijiyoji da masanin ilimin likitancin mutum ya wajaba don ganowa da gyara duk matsaloli kafin su shafi ilimin harshe da ilmantarwa. Jiyya su ne yawanci da tabarau da abubuwan ji.
Yanayi, Halayya da Harkokin Kiyaye
Zai iya da wuya a tattauna al'amuran halaye na yau da kullum da aka gani a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwo ta Down ba tare da tsayar da waɗannan mutane ba. Duk da haka, yawancin iyaye da yara tare da Down syndrome sun nuna cewa 'ya'yansu suna da farin ciki, masu zaman lafiya da masu fita. Duk da yake wannan yana iya zama gaskiya, yana da muhimmanci kada a ci gaba da magance ciwon cututtuka da Down syndrome. Suna fuskanci kullun motsin rai kuma suna da halaye na kansu, ƙarfinsu, raunana, da kuma salon su. Babu mutane biyu tare da Down syndrome za su sami irin mutane.
Yayinda mutane da Down syndrome ba su da "nau'ikan hali," sukan sauko wasu dabi'un ko wasu kayan aiki. Alal misali, mutane da yawa tare da ciwo na Down ya fi son yin aiki, tsari, da samaniya wanda shine hanyar da zasu magance matsalolin yau da kullum. Wannan fifiko don yau da kullum za a iya ganin wani lokaci a matsayin taurin zuciya. Wani hali kuma da aka gani a cikin mutane da Down syndrome shine "magana kai tsaye." Tattaunawa kai tsaye shine yin magana da kansa kuma an ɗauka cewa mutane da Down syndrome suna amfani da maganganun kai tsaye a matsayin hanya na sarrafa bayanai da tunanin abubuwa ta hanyar .
Yayinda mutanen da ke fama da ciwo na Down Down na iya samun wasu halaye da kuma haɗin kai a kowa ɗaya, suna fuskantar haɗarin ƙari ga wasu yanayi na tunanin. Hakan ya nuna yawan rashin lafiya, rashin tausayi, da nakasassu da rashin tausin zuciya a Down Down syndrome. Sanin maganin wannan cuta a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwo Down yana daidai da mutane ba tare da ciwo Down kuma sun haɗa da gyare-gyaren hali, shawara da yiwuwar magani.
> Sources
> Cray-Gunderson, K., Yara da Ciwo na Down - Gidajen Iyaye na Iyaye , Woodbine House, 1995.
> Chen, H., Down syndrome, Emedicine , 2007