Echolalia na iya zama muhimmiyar mataki zuwa harshen magana.
Lokacin da yara masu tsaurin ra'ayi suka fara magana, ba za suyi haka ba kamar yadda sauran yara suke yi. Mutane da yawa suna farawa ta hanyar kwashe kalmomi da suka ji, maimakon ƙoƙarin yin amfani da sababbin kalmomi da kalmomi da suka zo tare da kansu. Wannan "ƙuƙwalwa" yana iya zama muhimmin mataki na farko a koyo don sadarwa ta hanyar magana, ko kuma zai zama wata maimaita hali mai daɗaɗɗa.
Menene Echolalia?
Echolalia shine ainihin maimaitawa, ko maimaitawa, kalmomi da sauti. Yara da autism sukan sau da yawa, wanda ke nufin suna amfani da kalmomi (kuma wasu lokuta ma sun yi amfani da waɗannan kalmomi daidai) - amma kalmominsu suna magana a daidai wannan tsari, kuma yawanci a cikin sautin, kamar yadda waɗanda suka ji a talabijin nuna, a cikin wani littafi, daga malamin su, ko kuma daga wani asali.
Echolalia wani nau'i ne na musamman na magana, kuma yana iya zama ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyi na farko da yaro ya yi amfani da magana don sadarwa. Saboda haka, yayin da za'a iya kwatanta shi a matsayin alama na autism, zai iya kasancewa wuri mai kyau ga iyaye ko magungunan maganganun magana don fara aiki tare da yaro. A gefe guda, a wasu lokuta, echolalia ba shi da wani ma'anar ma'ana.
Menene Yara Sautin Murya?
Wasu lokuta echolalia shine saurin gaggawa. Alal misali, inna ta ce "Johnny, kina so abun sha?" Johnny ya amsa "Kana son sha." A wannan yanayin, Johnny zai iya amsa tambayoyin mahaifi a daidai yadda ya kamata, kuma yana iya son sha.
Amma maimakon amfani da kalmomin lababi kamar "eh don Allah," ko kuma "Ina son lemonade," yana maimaita harshensa na ainihi.
Kamar yadda sau da yawa sau da yawa ana iya jinkirta sauti. Wani yaro yana kallon wani abu na Sesame Street kuma, daga baya a wannan rana, an ji ana karanta hulɗar tsakanin Bert da Ernie ko kuma yin waƙa a kan waƙoƙin kiɗa.
Yara da autism suna da ƙananan tunawa na ainihi, kuma a wasu lokuta za su iya karatun babban bangare na fina-finai da suka fi so tare da haɓakawa da sanarwa. Wani lokaci wani yaro mai yiwuwa yana iya amfani da kalmomin Ernie don amfanin kansa; Wani lokaci kalmomin suna kawai sauti.
Ayyukan aiki da kuma Ayyuka marasa aiki
Ga wasu yara masu tsauraran ra'ayi, maimaitawa shine kawai maimaita sauti. Wannan ƙirar ba ta aiki na ainihin kalmomi a cikin ka'idoji na daidai ba zai iya yaudarar iyaye, kamar yadda yaron kamar ɗayansu yana amfani da harshe mai ma'ana idan wannan ba gaskiya ba ne. Yarinya zai iya karanta dukkan rubutun wani labari na Sponge Bob amma bai fahimci wanene haruffa ba ne, abin da suke faɗa, ko abin da labarin yake nufi. Yana iya zama lamarin cewa sakewa na sauti da aka haddace yana da mummunan sakamako akan wasu yara a kan bakan.
Maimaitawar aikin aiki, duk da haka, ita ce amfani dace da kalmomin memori don ainihin dalili. Alal misali, yaron yana jin layi a kan TV kamar "samun madara?" kuma daga baya, lokacin da yake ƙishirwa, mai yiwuwa ya ce "ya sami madara?" daidai da sautin da murya kamar ad a gidan talabijin. Bugu da ƙari, a wannan yanayin, yaro yana amfani da ma'anar memorized ko maimaitawa, amma wannan lokacin yana amfani da shi a cikin aikin aiki.
Yana buƙatar abin sha, kuma ana bukatar bukatarsa - amma ba ya zuwa tare da maganganun kansa.
A lokacin da ake yin aiki a kunne, yana da dalilin bikin: yaron ya ƙaddamar da kayan aiki don sadarwa da bukatunsa da bukatunsa, a cikin magana. Gaskiyar cewa ya yi haka yana nufin yana iya yin abubuwa da yawa, tare da taimakon mai maganin maganganu.
Koda a lokacin da keɓaɓɓen ƙwayar murya ba shi da aiki sosai yana da kyau kyakkyawar farawa don magana da / ko wasa. Alal misali, yarinya zai iya haddace dukkan sassan bidiyo da aka fi so, sa'annan ya sake karanta su. Makasudin yaron yana karanta shi yana iya kwanciyar hankali ko rage damuwa - amma karatun na iya nuna ainihin sha'awa ga sassan bidiyo.
A kowane hali, yin wasa irin su Floortime da maganganun maganganu tare da mai ilimin likita mai hankali wanda ke da masaniya da maganganun maganganu na iya taimakawa yaron ya yi amfani da ƙwarewarsa a cikin harshe. A cikin lokaci mai tsawo, jawabin da yaronku na yaro zai kusan zama mafi mahimmanci da aiki.
Sources:
S teigler, LN. Yin nazarin wallafe-wallafe-wallafe-wallafe: ina masu yin magana da harshe masu magana da harshe suka tsaya? Am J Jagorancin Lang Pathol. 2015 Nuwamba 24 (4): 750-62.
> Van Santen, Jan PH, et al. Samar da maimaita magana a cikin rikice-rikice masu tsauraran ra'ayi da kuma lalata harshe. " Nazarin Autism: littafin jarida na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ƙasa ta Autism Research 6.5 (2013): 10.1002 / aur.1301. PMC . Yanar gizo. 16 Yuli 2017.