Matakan anthropometric su ne wadanda suke fannin jiki - girman da siffar. Wadannan ma'aunin sune kashi na kashi, tsoka da ƙwayar jiki (mai). Kalmar ta haɗu da kalmomin tushen Helenanci anthropos (mutum) da kuma ma'auni (ma'auni).
Hanyar maganin Anthropometric
Suna iya hada da:
- Hawan, tsaye
- Hawan, zaune
- Weight
- Ƙarƙwarar hanyoyi
- Waist zuwa ɓangaren hanji
- Matsayin hawan tsayi
- BMI (nauyin nauyi a cikin kilogiyoyi da aka raba ta mita na tsawo a cikin mita)
- Ƙara ƙarfi
- Sakamakon jikin jiki mai tsabta
Nazarin Kimiyya
Matakan anthropometric suna da muhimmanci a bincike binciken kimiyya saboda idan aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi masu kyau, suna da haƙiƙa kuma ba su dace da ra'ayoyi ko ra'ayoyin masana kimiyya da ke ciki ba. A cikin binciken nazarin lokaci, wasu matakan da suka dace kamar ƙuƙwalwar ƙyama za su iya bayyana halayen haɗari ga cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru kamar cutar zuciya ko ciwon daji.
Kayan samfur da masana'antu
A aikace-aikace na masana'antu kamar ergonomics, matakan anthropometric taimaka wa masana'antun samar da kayan ado da aka kwatanta da jikin mutum. A cikin zane-zane, anthropometry ya shafi ɗaukar ma'aunin ma'auni na ƙwararrun direbobi don gwada motoci da wasu motoci don tasirin lafiyarsu.
Ana buƙatar ma'aunin ci gaba kamar yadda yawancin al'umma ke canji a tsawo, nauyin nauyi da sauran nau'ikan.
Yayinda yawancin suke karuwa sosai, kamar yadda yakan faru da abinci mafi kyau, abubuwa da suke amfani dashi a rayuwar yau da kullum dole su sami damar karɓar mutane da yawa.
Hakazalika, yayin da yawancin ya ƙunshi karin mutane da yawa waɗanda suke da nauyin kisa ko kisa, zane don komai daga tufafi zuwa gadaje zuwa matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin hawan maɗaukaki na iya buƙatar gyara.
Idan ƙananan yara ya tashi, abubuwa da yara ya kamata su hada da la'akari da cewa mafi yawansu na iya zama nauyi. Wasu ƙananan yara suna da ci gaba da girma a baya, wanda ya kamata a yi la'akari yayin tsarawa ga waɗannan kungiyoyi.
Anthropometric Databases
Akwai bayanai da yawa na bayanan anthropometric tara a tsawon shekarun da suka gabata. Yawancin lokaci wadannan sojoji sun samo asali ne daga sojojin.
Nazarin Anthropometric (Army Anthropometric Survey): An buga a shekara ta 1988, yana da daruruwan matakai daban-daban na maza da mata, ko da yake yana da rauni ga wasu mutanen da suka fi dacewa da kuma mutane BMI. Wannan yana da mahimmanci kamar yadda aka samo asali ne daga dakarun da aka buƙata su ci gaba da kasancewa a jikin nauyin jiki, kuma sun haɗa da mata da yawa fiye da maza.
KARANTA: Rahoton Nazarin Lafiya ta Duniya da Gina Jiki sun hada da ma'aunin jiki, bambanta ga jarirai da jarirai ta hanyar matasa da manya. Nauyin nauyi, tsayi tsawo, tsayi na sama, tsayin daka na sama, tsaka-tsaka na tsakiya na sama, ƙuƙwalwar ƙumshi, tsaka-tsaka na ciki mai zurfi ne saboda yawancin batutuwa, tare da juyi na kai da kuma tsaka-tsakin ƙuruciya ga jarirai. Waɗannan matakan za su canza daga shekara zuwa shekara.
KASHI: Ƙasar Amirka da Ƙasashen Turai Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a yanar gizo Abubuwan da ke amfani da ita sun hada da ma'auni na jiki 3-D da kuma na al'ada na 1-D na dubban mutane shekarun 18-65 daga 1998-2000.
An yi amfani dashi a masana'antu da yawa don zane. idan kuna tsara kujera, ko tebur ko motar da kuke son samun waɗannan matakan. Kuma za ku iya tabbatar da cewa samfurinku zai yi aiki ga mafi yawan mutane.
Source:
Louise GH Goh, Satvinder S Dhaliwal, Timothy A Welborn, Andy H Lee, da Phillip R Della. "Yanayi da Ƙungiyoyi tsakanin Ƙididdigar Hanyoyi na Abune da Hanyoyin Tsarin Lafiya a cikin Mata: Nazari na Giciye." BMJ Bude. 2014; 4 (5): e004702. Aka buga a ranar lahadi 2014 Mayu 22: 10.1136 / bmjopen-2013-004702