6 Makarantun Magungunan Ototoxic
Ototoxicity yana nufin lalacewar sinadaran da ke haifar da launi. Rashin lalacewa zai iya kasancewa na dindindin ko na wucin gadi, haifar da hasara ko rashin daidaito. Duk da yake ana amfani da magunguna don amfanin su, duk magani yana da tasirin abin da ya kamata ka sani kafin daukar. Rabawar sauraron da ake danganta da cinye kayan magani mai mahimmanci shine dalili na likita zai iya dakatar da shan magani dangane da rikici na rayuwa.
Rahoton ji shi ya fi yawan hade da magunguna guda shida. Wadannan za a iya haɗuwa tare da tsararwar sauraron saurare:
- Aminoglycoside maganin rigakafi
- Masarautar maganin ciwon maganin Platinum
Magunguna da suka fi dacewa su haifar da asarar gajiya ta wucin gadi:
- Madauriyar diuretics
- Quinine
- Salicylates
- Vinca alkaloids
Yawancin magunguna da aka ambata a sama zasu iya cutar da koda (nephrotoxic) kuma suna buƙatar likita don bincika jininka akai-akai don tantance aikin koda. Idan ka lura da canje-canje a cikin sauraronka, ya kamata ka nemi taimako daga likitan ka.
Hadarin ga Ototoxicity
Ba'a san rubutu sosai game da yin amfani da shi ba, duk da haka an san lalacewa ta wucin gadi da kuma lalacewa ta yau da kullum. Wasu magunguna zasu sami ƙarin bayani fiye da sauran kuma za a bayyana su a sassansu na gaba. Haka kuma babu fahimtar yadda za a hana mummunan abu daga faruwa.
Wasu magunguna tare da haɗarin haɗari don maganganu kamar wasu maganin rigakafi zasu buƙaci aikin jini da aka sani da "tsaka da tsutsa" da za a ɗora. Hanya mafi girman matakin miyagun ƙwayoyi ne idan ya kasance a mafi girman ƙaddamarwa cikin jinin. Hanya shine matakin miyagun ƙwayoyi lokacin da ya kamata ya kasance a mafi ƙasƙanci.
Duk da yake kulawa da hankali na iya taimakawa wajen kula da lafiyar, ba ya tabbatar da cewa ba za ku sami matsala ba tare da maganganu.
Wasu dalilai da zasu iya taimakawa wajen maganganu sun hada da:
- kashi, tsawon magani, da yawan adadin da aka samu
- koda koda
- shan wasu magunguna masu guba a lokaci ɗaya
- kayyadadden kwayoyin halitta zuwa ga abin da ke ciki
Hanyoyin cututtuka da ke da alaka da rashin daidaituwa
Harsoyin cututtuka da suka danganci mummunan gaske sun dogara da abin da ɓangaren kunnen kunnuwan ya lalace. Damage zuwa kunnuwa na ciki zai iya faruwa a ko dai karanka (wanda ake kira cochleotoxicity) ko kayan gidanka (wanda ake kira vestibulotoxicity). A cikin waɗannan lokuta, alamar cututtuka sun haɗa da lalacewar kwayoyin halitta.
Idan abokinka ya lalace, sauraronka zai dame. Matsayin rashin daidaituwa ta dace kai tsaye har zuwa lalacewar da zai haifar da mintar jiki don kammala lalacewar ji . Rashin hasara zai iya shafar ɗayan ko biyu kunnuwa.
Idan tsinkayar ta shafi rinjaye, za a iya daidaita ma'auni. Kamar lalacewa ga magungunanku, lalacewa zai iya shafar kunne guda ko kunnuwan biyu. Idan lalacewar tana rinjayar sautin kawai kawai, bazai iya samun komai ba. Duk da haka idan lalacewar ta faru a hanzari zuwa kunnen ɗaya, za ku iya fuskanta:
- vertigo
- vomiting
- hankalin ido ba tare da wata kalma ba (nystagmus)
Kwayar cututtuka da ke faruwa a hanzari na iya haifar da ka zama gado har sai bayyanar cututtuka ta yanke hankali. Idan lalacewar ta auku a ɓangarorin kunnenka, za ka iya fuskanta:
- ciwon kai
- kunnen cikakken kunne
- rashin daidaituwa ta shafi iyawar tafiya
- hangen nesa da ya nuna cewa yana da tausayi (oscillopsia)
- rashin haƙuri ga motsin kai
- tafiya tare da m ra'ayi
- wahala a cikin duhu
- unsteadiness
- lightheadedness
- gajiya
Idan lalacewa ga ƙananan kayan gidanka mai tsanani, oscillopsia da wahalar tafiya a daren ba zai inganta ba. Sauran bayyanar cututtuka zai iya inganta lokaci. Tare da mummunar lalacewa, za ka iya warkewa daga mafi yawan magungunan alamun da ke da alaƙa saboda ƙarfin jikinka don daidaitawa.
Aminoglycoside maganin rigakafi
Aminoglycoside maganin rigakafi sune magunguna masu mahimmanci don jinin jini da cututtuka na urinary kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka. Magunguna sun hada da:
- gentamicin
- tobramycin
- streptomycin
Aminoglycoside maganin rigakafi na da kimanin kimanin kashi 20 cikin dari don tayar da matsalolin da ake ji kuma kimanin kashi 15 cikin dari na hadarin samun matsala masu daidaitawa. Rashin haɗarin matsaloli masu tasowa da ke haɗaka da ƙananan abu yana kara idan kana daukar diuretic madaidaiciya (kamar Lasix) ko vancomycin (kwayoyin) a lokaci guda.
Madauki Diuretics
Jirgin daji na tsire-tsire yana haifar da karuwa a cikin ƙarar samar da fitsari. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen cikewar zuciya ta zuciya, cutar hawan jini, da koda koda. Magungunan magunguna sun hada da:
- Lasix (furosemide)
- Bumex (Bumetanide)
Loop diuretics yana da haɗari mai saurin haɗari amma yana iya faruwa a cikin mutane shida daga cikin 100 da suke amfani da magani. An yi la'akari da shi yana faruwa a ƙananan ƙwayoyin da zai haifar da zubar da jini game da kimanin mil 50 (MG) kowace lita.
Masarautar maganin Platinum-Based Chemotherapy
Cisplatin da Carboplatin sune biyu daga cikin magungunan ƙwayoyin cutar shan magani (anti-neoplastics) wadanda ke da alaƙa. Ana amfani dasu don maganin cututtuka daban-daban ciki har da:
- ovarian & cancer cancer
- mafitsara ciwon mafitsara
- kwayar cutar huhu
- kanar da wuyansa
Quinine
An yi amfani da Quinine don magance malaria da ƙafar kafa. Tsarin da ake yi tare da quinine na dauke da kimanin kashi 20 cikin dari na hadarin da zai haifar da asarar sauraron lokaci mai tsawo, wanda ake la'akari da zama na dindindin idan jin dadin sauraron tattaunawa ta al'ada. Quinine ma yakan haifar da hasara mai haɗuwa da wani ciwon da ake kira cinchonism :
- kururuwa
- vertigo
- Kunna a kunnuwanku
- ciwon kai
- asarar hangen nesa
- tashin zuciya
Salicylates
Salicylates kamar aspirin yana da haɗari na tsinkaye a matsayi mafi girma kuma zai iya haifar da lalacewar sauraron 30 decibels, wanda yake daidai da raɗaɗi. Duk da haka, lalacewa zai iya kasancewa a matsayin ƙasa mai sauƙi kamar tinnitus a ƙananan aspirin. Ƙananan yara musamman sun kasance suna fuskantar haɗari don sauraron hasara da suka shafi amfani da aspirin. Rashin haɗari zai iya samuwa daga 12 zuwa 33 bisa dari bisa ga yawan amfani.
Vinca Alkaloids
Vincristine magani ce don kula da cutar cutar sankarar lymphocytic mai zurfi (ALL), lymphoma Hodgkin, da sauran cututtuka. Wannan magani yana hade da haɗari mai tsanani don haifar da hasara yayin amfani dasu tare da maganin maganin aminoglycoside.
Sakamakon binciken da ake ji game da rashin lafiya
Kafin yin jurewa tare da magani a hadarin haɗari, ya kamata ka ga wani mai sauraro na jijiyo don kallo mai tushe. Likitan likitanku zai yanke shawarar idan za a yi amfani da shirin bidiyo na yau da kullum wanda za a yi ko yin la'akari da kai na sauraron ku. Duk da yake wannan ba zai hana hasara na hasara da ya shafi alaƙa ba, zai taimaka maka ka gano matsalolin da wuri.
Yin maganin tsibirin da ke cikin sauraron ji
Babu halin yanzu duk wani jiyya da ke akwai don sake gyara lalacewar ciki. Idan kun sha wahala daga ɓataccen hasara mai ji, mai amfani da sauraro yana bada shawarar. Idan kana da asarar sauraron sauraron kunnuwanka, to, likita naka na iya bada shawara ga abubuwan da suke ciki . Saukewa shine yawan maganin zaɓin idan kun kasance masu fama da rashin daidaito na wucin gadi ko na ƙarshe.
> Sources:
> Ƙungiyar Harshe-Harshen Harshen Amirka. (2017). Magungunan Ototoxic (Hanyoyin Moto). http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Ototoxic-Medications/
> Boldenberg, D, Goldstein, BJ. (2011). Handbook of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. Thieme Medical Publishers. New York, NY.
> Jagora mai kulawa. (2017). Drug-Induced Ototoxicity. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/ear,-nose,-and-throat-disorders/inner-ear-disorders/drug-induced-ototoxicity
> Rybak, LP & Brenner, MJ. (2015). Cumming's Otolaryngology: Masu amfani da kuma Auditory Ototoxicity. http://www.clinicalkey.com (Abinda ake buƙata)
> Ƙungiyar Harkokin Cutar Vestibular. (2017). Ototoxicity. http://vestibular.org/ototoxicity