Lokacin da gine-ginen ke sa marasa lafiya
Kalmar nan "ciwon gine-gine marasa lafiya" shi ne ƙaura. Bayan haka, ba gidan da yake da lafiya ba, amma ma'abuta masu zaman kansu wadanda ke jin rashin lafiya saboda gini.
Game da SBS, akwai tambayoyi fiye da amsoshi. Yana da wuya a gwada SBS a cikin gwaje-gwaje. Na farko, yanayin SBS ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum kuma su ne batun.
Abu na biyu, yana da wuyar ƙaddamar da hanyar SBS-dampness, shawaɗɗen sinadarai, da kuma rashin samun iska duk sun shafi. Na uku, babu wata hanyar amincewa da ita don "gano asalin" gini. Abu na hudu, gine-gine su ne, ta yanayi, yanayin da ba shi da kariya wanda yake da wuya kuma yana da wuyar gwada a cikin manyan lambobi.
Cutar cututtuka
Ana bayar da rahoto game da cututtukan fata, fata, da bayyanar cututtuka na SBS, ciki har da waɗannan:
- Matsayi da ruwan idanu
- Runny hanci
- Dry da tasting fata
- Dama hanci
- Sashin sinus
- Dizziness
- Ciwon kai (maras lahani, wanda ba shi da mawuyacin hali, wanda ba shi da ƙaura, "matsa lamba" a kai)
- Jiɗa
- Wulo
- Matsaloli da maida hankali
- Ƙara
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka sun dandana yayin da mutum ke cikin ginin da ya aikata, kuma a kan barin, mafi yawan waɗannan alamun bayyanar ya kamata su sake dawowa, sai kawai su sake farawa idan mutum ya koma gida. Gine-gine da ke gabatar da SBS sun hada da wuraren aiki, makarantu, asibitoci, kulawa gidaje, da gidajensu.
Kodayake mutane biyu da suke nunawa a wannan ginin na iya shawo kan alamun wariyar launin fata, bincike sun nuna alamun alamomi tsakanin masu sauraron wakiltar kasashe daban-daban.
Hakanan, an yi nazarin gidajen a matsayin babban hanyar SBS a Sweden. Musamman, masu bincike na Sweden sun mayar da hankali a kan lalatawar ruwa da kuma samun iska a matsayin masu haɓaka. Bugu da ƙari kuma, nazarin yaren mutanen Sweden ya nuna alamar gida kamar yadda zai yiwu ya ba da gudummawa ga ciwo mai gina jiki.
Ga dalilai masu dangantaka da SBS:
- Cigarette hayaki
- Takarda ƙura
- Office ƙura
- Bayyanawa zuwa fuskokin kwamfuta
- Air conditioning
- Low iska mai iska a cikin ɗakunan gine-gine
- Ƙananan kula da hasken haske da zazzabi
- Yanayin zafi (fiye da Fahrenheit da digiri 73)
- Tarancin kulawar gini na gina gini
- Ruwan ruwa
- Haɗuwa
- Yanayin tsabta
Bincike ya nuna cewa mata, masu shan taba, da wadanda ke da ciwon sukari (watau atopy) zasu iya samun SBS. Mutanen da ke da matsayi masu daraja a matsayi na sana'a na ofishin suna iya samun SBS. Bayan bayanin kula, mutane da dama a matsayi a cikin ofishin sukan sauya lokaci a gaban kwakwalwa.
Mutanen da suke kora kan SBS suna aiki a ofisoshin da ke dacewa da ka'idoji na yau da kullum don zane, zazzabi, iska, da kuma hasken wuta. A mafi yawancin, gine-ginen gine-ginen da aka yi amfani da su tare da iyakacin kula da yawan zafin jiki an nuna su da ƙananan ma'aikata waɗanda suke kokawa da SBS.
Kasuwanci na Lafiya da Tsaro (OSHA) sun gane rashin ciwo na rashin lafiya kamar yadda ake iya kasancewa a cikin iska mara kyau.
Hukumar kare muhalli (EPA) ta bayyana SBS kamar haka:
Ana amfani da kalmar "ciwon gine-gizon rashin lafiya" (SBS) don bayyana yanayin da ginin mazaunan ke fuskanci koshin lafiyar da kwarewar da ke da alaƙa da lokacin da ake amfani da shi a cikin ginin, amma ba wani ƙwayar cuta ko wata ma'ana. Za a iya yin gunaguni a cikin wani ɗaki ko yanki, ko kuma yana iya fadada cikin ginin.
A shekara ta 1984, WHO ta kiyasta cewa a duk duniya har zuwa kashi 30 na gine-gine na sababbin gine-ginen da aka gina da dama na iya samun nauyin iska na cikin gida wanda ke taimakawa SBS. Matsaloli tare da inganci na cikin gida na iya zama ko dai na wucin gadi ko na dogon lokaci. Hannun iska na cikin gida mara kyau na iya zama na biyu zuwa mara kyau gine-ginen gida ko ayyukan masu zama. Bugu da ƙari, idan ana amfani da gine-gine a wata hanya mai amfani da zane-alal misali, wani yanki mai sayarwa da aka yi amfani da shi don masana'antu - to, yana da tasiri tare da ingancin iska na cikin gida zai iya tashi.
Humidity
An yi amfani da matsananciyar zafi a matsayin babban mai ba da gudummawa ga SBS. A cikin yanayin zafi, yawancin cikin gida yana da nasaba da SBS.
Bugu da ƙari, amfani da masu amfani da dumi a cikin dumi, yanayin haɓaka kuma an danganta shi da SBS. A Scandinavia, inda zafi zai iya tsoma a ƙasa da kashi 10 cikin watanni na hunturu, akwai wasu shaidun shaida cewa yin amfani da mai sauƙi zai iya haɗuwa da rage yawan SBS. Saboda haka, yana da alama cewa a cikin yanayin da matsakaicin matsanancin zafi, masu zama sukan yi ta ƙararrawa ba tare da SBS ba.
Wasu masana sunyi tsammanin cewa rassan iska yana dauke da masu alfahari na iya zama tafki don bunkasa kwayoyin halitta. A wasu lokuta, tafkiyoyin da ke cikin masu ruɗi, waɗanda suka janye ruwa daga iska, sun kasance sun kasance cikin kwayoyin halitta. Bugu da ƙari, ɗakunan kwaminisan rufi suna a cikin ɗakin da ke sama da sararin samaniya inda wurin kulawa yana da wuyar-kara taimakawa ga hadarin SBS na biyu zuwa ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta.
Duk da haka, ra'ayin cewa kwayoyin cutar ko fungi zai iya taimakawa wajen yin amfani da SBS. Wasu masana sunyi imanin cewa mold zai iya haifar da kamuwa da tsarin tsarin jiki kawai a cikin mutanen da ke da tsarin sulhu. A cikin mutanen da ke cikin lafiya, mold ba zai haifar da rashin lafiya ba.
A cikin shekarar 2017 mai suna "Mould da Lafiya na Mutum: Bincike na Gaskiya," Ma'aikata da masu marubuta sun rubuta cewa "babu wata ilimin kimiyya da ke nunawa ga ƙwallon baƙar fata a cikin ɗakunan da gine-gine na iya haifar da mummunan yanayin da ke cikin ƙwaƙwalwa. , rashin iyawa ga mayar da hankali, gajiya, da ciwon kai. "
A wani nazarin shekarar 2017, masu bincike na Sweden sun gano cewa kashi 40 cikin dari na gidaje guda-iyali suna da lalacewar ruwa, wanda aka danganta da SBS. Bugu da ƙari kuma, kashi 23 cikin 100 na masu binciken binciken sun ruwaito kwanan nan sifofin SBS.
Abin sha'awa shine, masu bincike na Sweden sun gano cewa gine-ginen da ke da tasiri mai zurfi na thermal-ko gine-ginen da ya dace da makamashi - yana da ƙananan mazaunan da suka yi ta kai ga bayyanar SBS. Bugu da ƙari, an nuna cewa tasirin makamashi na makamashi zai haifar da rashin lafiya na cikin gida.
Samun iska
Masana da yawa sun zargi SBS akan rashin lafiya na cikin gida da rashin samun iska.
Tsakanin 1900 zuwa 1950, halayen samun iska don gine-gine da ake kira kimanin mita 15 na waje a kowane minti ana bawa ga kowane mai gida. Ya kamata a samu yawan karuwar iska don kawar da ƙanshin jiki da maras kyau.
A lokacin da aka hako man fetur na 1973, an dauki matakan kiyaye makamashin makamashi, kuma don adana wutar lantarki, ana ba da shawara kawai a cikin iska biyar a kowane minti daya a kowane minti. An yi tsammanin cewa wadannan matakan ragewa na samun iska sun kasance marasa lafiya kuma sun zama marasa jin dadi. Wannan matsala ta taso ne ta hanyar kwandishan iska da kuma tsarin dumama, wanda ya kasa rarraba iska ga mutanen da ke cikin karin gine-ginen makamashi.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana sun sake yin shawarar cewa za a samar da iska mai yawa na iska don samar da masu zama. Alal misali, masu zama a cikin ofisoshin ya kamata su karbi ƙafa 20 na ƙafafun iska a kowane minti na kowane mai aiki. Bugu da ƙari kuma, tsawon kamu 15 a kowane minti na samun iska yana dauke da mafi ƙarancin duk gine-gine, tare da wasu wurare, irin su wuraren shan taba a cikin gida, yana buƙatar har zuwa mita 60 cikin minti daya.
An yi tsammanin cewa matakan da iska ke samu na sama zai iya rage hadarin SBS bayyanar cututtuka. Sakamako daga binciken bincike wannan gwagwarmayar, duk da haka, an hade. Wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa karuwar karuwar iska ta rage yawan bayyanar SBS a tsakanin ma'aikatan ofis, kuma wasu binciken basu nuna wani canji ba.
Wata matsalar da yawancin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a farkon binciken da ake samu na samun karuwa a kan SBS shi ne cewa waɗannan nazarin sunyi amfani da ragowar iska na yanzu sun kasance a cikin gine-ginen don kara samun iska. Za a iya yin tsabtace raka'a-kwandar iska don haka ya haifar da sakamako.
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa kimanin rabi na iska a cikin ginin ya kamata a musayar a kowace awa don rage yawan alamun SBS. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ya kamata a riƙa kula da raunin iska a kowane lokaci kuma rage yawan bambancin matsalolin da ke tattare da kayan da zasu hana masu gurɓata lalata daga shiga gidan.
Jiyya
Ciwon rashin lafiya na rashin lafiya ba a san shi ba ne a matsayin shaida na tushen shaida; Saboda haka, babu wata hujja ta shaida. Kodayake, OSHA, EPA, da sauran kungiyoyi suna saninsa. Bugu da ƙari, NHS, ko tsarin kiwon lafiyar ƙasa a Ƙasar Ingila, ya bada wasu shawarwari game da yadda zasu magance ciwo na rashin lafiya.
Ga wasu shawarwari da kungiyoyin daban-daban suka yi game da SBS:
- Daidaita yawan zafin jiki da zafi.
- Duba tsabtace ginin.
- Duba cewa kayan tsaftacewa suna lafiya kuma adana yadda ya kamata.
- Bincika duk masu haɓaka iska, masu zafin iska, da hasumiya mai sanyi.
- Bude windows don tabbatar da samun iska.
- Ɗauki allo na yau da kullum.
- Ku tafi waje ku yi tafiya a lokacin fashe.
- Ku ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin aiki.
Wata tabbatacciyar magani ga ciwo mai gina jiki shine don kauce wa gini gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, saboda mafi yawan mutane suna buƙatar aikin su-da gadajensu - wannan maganin yana da yawa wanda ba zai iya ba.
Kalma Daga
Kodayake kasancewar rashin ciwon rashin lafiya a lokuta da yawa ana kiran shi, mutane da yawa sunyi gunaguni game da rashin jin daɗin gida da kuma alamun bayyanar cewa yana da wahala a watsi da gaskiyar cewa wani abu yana faruwa.
Yanzu, saboda ba mu san abin da ke haifar da ciwon rashin lafiya ba, yana da wuya a gyara matsalar. Masana da yawa suna nuna alamar iska a matsayin dalili; Saboda haka, yana da kyakkyawan ra'ayi don tabbatar da cewa dukkan gine-gine suna da kyau sosai. Bugu da ƙari kuma, zafi yana iya taka rawar gani, kuma yanayin ya kamata ba ma damp ko bushewa ba. Bugu da ƙari, idan kana zaune a cikin yanayi mai tsabta, yana da mafi kyau don kauce wa yin amfani da mai tawali'u.
Yawancin likitoci sun watsar da rashin lafiya na ginawa a matsayin ƙananan ƙararraki. Ciwo mai rashin lafiya a wani lokaci ana daukar shi azaman pseudodiagnosis, tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba tare da alamu ko alamu ba.
Idan fiye da kashi 20 cikin 100 na masu zama na gida suna shawo kan bayyanar SBS, an gina gine-ginen "gidan gina jiki." Idan kun yi tunanin cewa kuna aiki a cikin ginin jiki, yana da kyakkyawan ra'ayin yin magana da wasu ma'aikata don ganin ko suna fuskantar bayyanar cututtuka , ma. Bugu da ƙari, rubuta abubuwan damuwa (watau, ɗaukar hotunan lalacewar ruwa da ƙazanta marar kyau) da kuma kulawa. Saboda gine-ginen al'amuran sukan zama lambobi, gudanarwa na iya kawar da damuwa. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, yana iya zama mai kyau ra'ayinka tuntuɓi OSHA ko EPA don binciken bincike na iska.
Bugu da ƙari, yana mai da hankali ga matsalar, yana da kyakkyawan ra'ayin kare kanka yayin aiki a cikin gina jiki. Don rage girman bayyanar cututtuka, ya kamata kuyi ƙoƙarin samun iska mai yawa kuma kuyi mafi kyau don kula da yanayi mai tsabta kuma rage girman lokacin allo, wanda aka haɗa da SBS. Saboda akwai babban abin da ke faruwa a tsakanin allergies da rashin lafiya na gina jiki, tabbas yana da kyakkyawan tunani don yin alƙawari don ganin wani mahaukaci don ƙarin kimantawa.
> Sources:
> Masu haya, AT, Chang, C, Gershwin, EM. Masihu da Lafiya na Mutum: Bincike na Gaskiya. Clinic Rev Gyara Immunol. 2017; 52: 305-322.
> Burge, PS. Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Siki. Ma'aikata da Harkokin Mahalli. 2004; 61: 185-190.
> EPA. Faɗar Air Facts A'a. 4 (sake nazarin) Ciwo na Ciwon Marasa lafiya. www. epa.gov.
> NHS Choices. Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Siki. www.nhs.uk.
> Smedje, G, et al. SBS bayyanar cututtuka dangane da dampness da samun iska a cikin inspected single-gida gidaje a Sweden. Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci da Muhalli. Yuni 17, 2017.